• Proceedings of the Optical Society of Korea Conference
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.44-45
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• 2009

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.97-108
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• 2018

It has been routine practice in regression analysis to check the validity of the assumed model by the use of regression diagnostics tools. Outliers and influential observations often distort the regression output in an undesired manner. Jang and Anderson-Cook (Quality and Reliability Engineering International, 30, 1409-1425, 2014) proposed a graphical method (called a firework plot) so that there could be an exploratory visualization of the trace of the impact of the possible outliers and influential observations on individual regression coefficients and the overall residual sum of the squares measure. This paper further extends a graphical approach to a multi-response surface methodology problem.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 1995

In order to provide the new official coordinates set of Korean Geodetic Primary Framework, the data of Precise Primary Geodetic Network (PPGN) were reviewed and validated in the project and block adjustment stage. Moreover PPGN data set was constructed for various computer processings. The simultaneous least squares adjustment was carried out to assess the net strength, local weakness and accuracy of PPGN and to evaluate the horizontal displacements of the resin of Korean peninsula. Finally, the precise horizontal coordinates set of 1st and 2nd order triangulation points of Korea was computed and presented.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.231-231
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• 2012

격자 기반의 분포형 모형은 격자로 분할된 유역의 임의 지점에 대해서 유출량을 계산할 수 있는 장점이 있다. 분포형 모형을 이용한 기존의 유출해석에서는 유역의 최하류 지점을 대상으로 모형을 보정하는 단일지점 모형보정 기술이 적용되어 왔다. 단일지점을 대상으로 모형을 보정할 경우, 보정 대상 지점에서 멀리 떨어져 있는 격자 일수록 유출해석 결과와 관측 유량의 오차가 커질 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 소유역으로 분할된 유역에 대해서 소유역별로 모형을 보정할 수 있는 다지점 보정기술을 이용해서 유출해석을 수행하였다. 유역내 여러 지점에 대해서 모형을 보정할 경우, 소유역 및 최하류 지점에 대한 유출해석 결과를 향상시킬 수 있다. 이러한 다지점 보정기술은 유역내 여러 지점에 대한 유출량을 계산할 때 효과적으로 적용될 수 있으며, 분포형 모형을 이용한 홍수예보시스템 구축시, 대상 유역내 다수의 지점에 대해 실시간 유출해석을 손쉽게 수행하는 데 적용될 수 있을 것이다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.409-409
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• 2017

유역단위에서 수문모델링을 수행함에 있어 토양수분은 물수지 관점에서 매우 중요한 인자로 고려된다. 더욱이, 최근 발생빈도가 커지고 있는 가뭄을 효과적으로 평가하고 예측하는 데에도 활용성이 매우 큰 것으로 인식되고 있다. 이러한 중요성에도 불구하고, 가용자료의 부족, 자료의 부정확성 등으로 인해 실제 유역모델링을 수행하는데 있어 활용도는 매우 적다. 이러한 점에서 본 연구에서는 동질성이 확보된 유역단위를 기준으로 다지점의 토양수분 자료를 추계학적으로 모의할 수 있는 기법을 개발하고자 한다. 토양함수자료는 지속성(persistence)이 매우 큰 특징을 가진다. 즉, 상태의 지속성이 크며 메모리가 오랫동안 유지된다는 점에서 추계학적 모의가 가능할 것으로 판단된다. 이러한 지속성을 이용함과 동시에 토양함수를 다양한 상태로 분리하고 이들 상태들간의 천이확률을 효과적으로 모의할 수 있다면 관측 토양함수 자료의 통계적 특성 재현이 가능하다. 본 연구에서는 용담댐 유역에 대해서 개발된 모형을 적용하고 활용성을 검토하고자 한다.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.733-753
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• 1994

Monthly mean sea levels from 103 tidal stations in Korea, Japan, and Russia are analyzed to study long-period sea level variations. Barometric adjustment are done for all the sea level data, using monthly air pressures at sea levels from meteorological stations near tidal stations. Seasonal variation is dominant in most of study area. It is the largest in the coasts along the Tsushima Current, and the smallest in the Russian coasts. The cross-correlations of seasonal variations are very high between the coasts along the Tsushima Current. In these marginal seas, seasonal variations seem to be related with the Tsushima Current. The phase of seasonal variations is generally getting late from south to north, and also from west to east. On the other hand, longer-period variations(longer than seasonal variation) have the largest amplitudes and the earliest phases in the coasts along the Pacific Ocean, which shows that they propagate from the Pacific Ocean. Shorter-period variations (shorter than seasonal variation) have generally lower cross correlations. Their values do not show any dictinct difference between areas, and show a common tendency that they are inversely proportional to distance. It implies that the shorter period waves are generated all over the study areas, and propagate in all the directions with faster dissipations. The trends of sea levels in the study area are generally negative in the coasts along the Pacific Ocean and positive in the other areas during the period of 1965 to 1985. By the trends, the mean volume transport between Cheju and Sasebo can be reduced by about 1 Sv during the period. The seasonal variation of volume transport obtained by sea level difference is about 2 Sv in the Korea Strait. The values are comparable to previous reports.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.9-20
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• 1999

The use of climatic information is essential in the industial society. More specialized weather servies are required to perform better industrial acivities including agriculture. Especially, crop models require daily weather data of crop growing area or cropping zones, where routine weather observations are rare. Estimates of the spatial distribution of daily climates might complement the low density of standard weather observation stations. This study was conducted to estimate the spatial distribution of daily minimum and maximum temperatures in Korean Peninsula. A topoclimatological technique was first applied to produce reasonable estimates of monthly climatic normals based on 1km $\times$ 1km grid cell over study area. Harmonic analysis method was then adopted to convert the monthly climatic normals into daily climatic normals. The daily temperatures for each grid cell were derived from a spatial interpolation procedure based on inverse-distance weighting of the observed deviation from the climatic normals at the nearest 4 standard weather stations. Data collected from more than 300 automatic weather systems were then used to validate the final estimates on several dates in 1997. Final step to confirm accuracy of the estimated temperature fields was comparing the distribution pattern with the brightness temperature fields derived from NOAA/AVHRR. Results show that differences between the estimated and the observed temperatures at 20 randomly selected automatic weather systems(AWS) range from -3.$0^{\circ}C$ to + 2.5$^{\circ}C$ in daily maximum, and from -1.8$^{\circ}C$ to + 2.2$^{\circ}C$ in daily minimum temperature. The estimation errors, RMSE, calculated from the data collected at about 300 AWS range from $1.5^{\circ}C$ to 2.5$^{\circ}C$ for daily maximum/minimum temperatures.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2005

The Korean VLBI Network (KVN) will open a new field of research in astronomy, geodesy and earth science using the newest three Elm radio telescopes. This will expand our ability to look at the Universe in the millimeter regime. Imaging capability of radio interferometry is highly dependent upon the antenna configuration, source size, declination and the shape of target. In this paper, imaging simulations are carried out with the KVN system configuration. Five test images were used which were a point source, multi-point sources, a uniform sphere with two different sizes compared to the synthesis beam of the KVN and a Very Large Array (VLA) image of Cygnus A. The declination for the full time simulation was set as +60 degrees and the observation time range was -6 to +6 hours around transit. Simulations have been done at 22GHz, one of the KVN observation frequency. All these simulations and data reductions have been run with the Astronomical Image Processing System (AIPS) software package. As the KVN array has a resolution of about 6 mas (milli arcsecond) at 220Hz, in case of model source being approximately the beam size or smaller, the ratio of peak intensity over RMS shows about 10000:1 and 5000:1. The other case in which model source is larger than the beam size, this ratio shows very low range of about 115:1 and 34:1. This is due to the lack of short baselines and the small number of antenna. We compare the coordinates of the model images with those of the cleaned images. The result shows mostly perfect correspondence except in the case of the 12mas uniform sphere. Therefore, the main astronomical targets for the KVN will be the compact sources and the KVN will have an excellent performance in the astrometry for these sources.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.137-153
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• 1996

The purpose of this study is to investigate the possibilities of identifying and detecting underground cavities using seismic waves recorded by the fixed and mobile stations. During 18 months of field work we recorded chemical explosions near the Bongdarn station. Seismic Stations were installed on the free surface and underground inside the Samba mine. The seismograms at the fixed(lorg-term) seismic station show abrupt change of polarization characteristics which can he associated with the appearance of P-to-S converted phase(PS) at 150 ~ 200 msec after the first P arrival. This result indicates that converted phases are generated very near to the Bongdarn station at a depth of 190m. Shear-wave splitting phenomena have also been observeci The time delay between fast shear(fS) and slow shear(sS) waves ranges between 30 and 60 msec(average is 42 msec). However, exact time delay between the fast and the slow shear waves can not be accurately measured because of the very short time delay and limitation of sampling rate. Chemical explosion experiments were recorded at stations along various paths to contrast the seismic response of areas with and without cavities. The seismograms recorded at the stations installed at cavity areas show an abrupt change of polarization characteristics but not on the other stations. Seismic waves propagating through the cavity are characterized by the attenuation of high frequency waves and predominantly low frequency seismic waves after the S wave arrivals.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.325-332
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• 2022

Determination of VLBI IVP (Very Long Baseline Interferometry Invariant Point) position with high accuracy is required to compute local tie vectors between the space geodetic techniques. In general, reflective targets are attached on VLBI antenna and slant distances, horizontal and vertical angles are measured from the pillars. Then, adjustment computation is performed by using the mathematical model which connects measurements and unknown parameters. This indicates that the accuracy of the estimated solutions is affected by the accuracy of the measurements. One of issues in local tie surveying, however, is that the reflective targets are not in favorable condition, that is, the reflective sheet target cannot be perfectly aligned to the instrument perpendicularly. Deviation from the line of sight of an instrument may cause different type of measurement errors. This inherent limitation may lead to incorrect stochastic modeling for the measurements in adjustment computation procedures. In this study, error characteristics by measurement types and pillars are analyzed, respectively. The analysis on the studentized residuals is performed after adjustment computation. The normality of the residuals is tested and then equal variance test between the measurement types are performed. The results show that there are differences in variance according to the measurement types. Differences in variance between distances and angle measurements are observed when F-test is performed for the measurements from each pillar. Therefore, more detailed stochastic modeling is required for optimal solutions, especially in local tie survey.