• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.8-16
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• 2008

The range of motion (ROM) of ankle dorsiflexion in older women was associated with gait abnormalities and the risk of falls. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of self-stretching exercise on the flexibility of the plantar flexors of the ankle and the characteristics of gait in healthy elderly women. Fifteen participants were assigned randomly into an exercise (n=8) or control (n=7) group. The exercise group attended a self-stretching program approximately 30 minutes for 3 days per week for 4 weeks. The active ankle dorsiflexion ROM and gait measurements were taken prior to beginning the stretching program and 1 day after the last stretching day. Results showed that the active ankle dorsiflexion ROM was significantly increased in the exercise group than in the control group after the stretching program (p<.05). However, gait parameters, including gait speed, cadence, and stride length were not significantly different between the two groups (p>.05). The results suggest that a 4-week self-stretching program is capable of provoking a significant increase in ankle dorsiflexion ROM in elderly, community-dwelling women. Additional research is needed to investigate the effect of gait-specific exercise combined with stretching exercise on gait ability.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.153-161
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• 2013

PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the effect of complex theraputic exercise on visual analog scale of pain, shoulder' range of motion for middle-aged women with breast cancer related lymphedema. METHODS: The 14 middle-aged women involved voluntary in this study and then they were divided into two groups(n =7 per group). The complex exercise program was implemented over 4 weeks, 60 minutes per day, with 3 types of exercise for stimulation whereas the control group was performed a classical decongestive physiotherapy in a same day. For data analysis, the mean and standard deviation were estimated; 2 way repeated measures ANOVA was carried out. RESULTS: First, The level of VAS was significantly reduced on time, interaction effect in the group. Second, most factors of ROM were significantly increased on time, interaction effect whereas extension was not significantly increased. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, Our results showed that complex therapeutic exercise could improve or maintain VAS and ROM of shoulder joint for middle-aged women with breast cancer related lymphedema.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.89-96
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• 2016

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to evaluate inter-tester reliability and Intra-tester reliability about range of motion(ROM) measurement of hip joint with smartphone inclinometer. Method : Six observers performed goniometric and smartphone inclinometer measurements of various hip movements, including both active ROM for flexion, extension, external rotation, internal rotation. Measurements were performed in the right hip of fifty normal subjects. All measures were performed three times for evaluating reliability of observer. Inter- and intra-observer reliabilities were evaluated using the intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC). Result : The results were as follows, inter-observer reliability ICC value showed .948-.974 in smartphone inclinometer. And showed .781-.827 in goniometer. Intra-observer reliability ICC value showed .653-.992 in smartphone inclinometer. And showed .613-.854 in goniometer. Conclusion : Smartphone inclinometer are portable and widely available tools that are mostly reliable and valid for assessing active hip range of motion, with potential use when a goniometer is not available.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.83-90
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• 2017

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between shoulder gradient, range of motion of the neck, and subjective pain level of the potential risk group of smart-phone addiction. Methods : The subjects of this study were 90 women's who had potential risk of smart-phone addiction. VAS was used to measure subjectively pain intensity. Global Postural System was used to measure forward head posture. CROM was used to measure flexion, extension, lateral flexion of cervical range of motion. Results : The results of this study showed that was significant positive correlation between the both shoulder gradient, and cervical range of motion(p<.05). Statistically significant negative correlation between the VAS and left lateral flexion(p<.05). Conclusions : The difference between the gradient of both shoulders increased with the use of smart-phone addiction, and the cervical left lateral flexion decreased as the pain increased. This suggests that recognition on decrease of using smart phone and postural correction is necessary.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.35-38
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• 2014

Background: The case study examined the effect of a hip joint traction and hip posterolateral muscles strengthening on knee pain, range of motion, and lower extremity function scale of patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS). Although PFPS has previously been attributed to quadriceps dysfunction, more recent research has linked this condition to impairment of the hip musculature and kinematic. Methods: Subject is a 27-years-old female with PFPS. Performed hip joint traction with belt and posterolateral muscles(hip abductors, external rotators) strengthening for 4 weeks, 3 times a week, once a day. Before and after the therapy, measurements were made on the visual analog scale (VAS) and of the ROM, and a lower extremity functional scale (LEFS) was conducted. Results: The results showed positive changes in VAS and range of motion and lower extremity functional scale. First VAS of knee changed from 6 to 2. Second hip joint range of motion showed that internal rotation recored from $53^{\circ}$ to $58^{\circ}$ and external rotation recorded from $32^{\circ}$ to $37^{\circ}$. Third The lower extremity functional scale showed before therapy of 44; after therapy, 63. Conclusion: The hip joint traction and hip posterolateral muscles strengthening was effective in alleviating knee pain, increasing ROM and Lower extremity functional scale of the PFPS patients.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.51-59
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• 1995

The purpose of this study is to evaluate pain and range of motion in the frozen shoulder and to compare Hold-Relax technique with ROM exercise. Twenty-eight frozen shoulder patients between 41 nod 76 years of age were selected and were divided equally by random distribution into a Hold-Relax technique group and a ROM exercise group. To analyze the therapeutic effect between the two groups, two measurements were taken. A measurement of pain was taken by visual analogue scale and a measurement of range of motion was taken by measuring flexion and abduction degrees with a goniometer. The results were as followings : 1. The Hold-Relax group is more effective in decreasing the pain than the ROM exercise group. 2. The Hold-Relax group is more effective in increasing the range of flexion at the shoulder than the ROM exercise group. 3. The Hold-Relax group is more effective in increasing the range of abduction at the shoulder than the ROM exercise group.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.59-65
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to review articles in order to establish optimal contraction intensity and duration in the performance of relaxation techniques for maximal increase in range of motion. Methods: The Cochrane, EBSCO, Embase, Medline, ProQuest, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Scopus databases were used to search articles from 1990 to January 2016. The search terms were "contract relax," "hold relax," "muscle energy technique (MET)," and "proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) stretching." Only experimental human studies (randomized controlled trials) that compared the effects of varying intensity and duration of isometric contraction were included. Non-English language and unpublished studies were excluded. Results: A total of 2,156 articles were initially identified, with only five eventually meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Three studies compared the effects of varying intensity in isometric contraction and two studies compared the effects of varying duration in isometric contraction with regard to range of motion (ROM). Two articles suggested that submaximal voluntary isometric contraction was more effective than maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) in the improvement of ROM. One article showed that a longer contraction time led to greater increases in ROM. Conclusion: Submaximal voluntary isometric contraction was recommended during contract-relax exercises in healthy people. Lack of evidence makes it difficult to suggest the optimal duration of isometric contraction during relaxation techniques. For future research, high-quality evidence will be needed to establish the optimal contraction intensity for maximum improvement of ROM.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.115-123
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• 2018

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of mandible position on proprioception and range of motion (ROM) during neck stabilization exercise using a sling in healthy adults. Methods: The subjects were randomly assigned to either a sling exercise and mandible open group (n=10) or a sling exercise and mandible closed group (n=12). The sling exercise-mandible open group and sling exercise-mandible closed group took part in an exercise program for 30min, three times per week for 4 weeks. After each training session, head repositioning accuracy (HRA) and the ROM of the cervical spine were measured. Wilcoxon's test was conducted to verify changes within each group, and the Mann-Whitney U test was performed to examine between-group differences. Results: The HRA of the cervical spine was significantly increased during left rotation and extension in the sling exercise-mandible open group. In addition, there were significant differences in both rotations and extension in the two groups. The ROM of the cervical spine increased significantly during both rotations in the sling exercise-mandible closed group. In addition, there was a significant difference in right rotation and extension in both groups. Conclusion: Cervical stabilization exercise using a sling, with the mandible closed increased proprioception and the ROM of the cervical spine.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.197-204
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• 2010

Scapular position and motion are essential for normal upper limb mobility; Further, the posture of patients with thoracic kyphosis is related to shoulder girdle function and disorder. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of thoracic posture on the shoulder range of motion and on three-dimensional scapular kinematics. Thirty healthy subjects performed right-arm abduction along the frontal plane while standing in both erect and in slouched trunk posture. The scapular position and rotation, and shoulder and thoracic angles were recorded using a motion analysis system. The scapular upward rotation and internal rotation were significantly altered according to postural tatiges; however, scapular tilt was not affected. Shoulder angle was significantly decreased in the slouched posture as c rpared to tatt in the erect posture. Thus, a slouched posture(thoracic kyphosis) significantly affects the shoulder range of motion and scapular kinematics during shoulder abduction in the frontal plane.

• The Journal of Churna Manual Medicine for Spine and Nerves
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.127-134
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• 2010

Objectives: The purpose of this study is the evaluation of conservative medical treatment on the herniation of intervertebral disc(HIVD) patient after the fusion surgery of a lumbar segment. Methods: We used acupuncture, herbal medication, and manipulation for this patient. And we measured of VNRS score and SLR test result to evaluate effect of conservative medical treatment. Results & Conclusions: Patient's low back and left leg pain VNRS is decreased, and the SLR test result is improved.