• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.336-344
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to analyse achievement of 'Scientific Inquiry and the Nature of Science' in the Third International Mathematics and Science Study-Repeat (TIMSS-R), which was performed in 1999 with 38 nations participating. Korean 8th grade students' achievement of 'Scientific Inquiry and the Nature of Science' was compared to that of other countries and other content areas in science. Average percent correct of items in each subcategory - Scientific Method, Experimental Design, Scientific Measurements, Describing and Interpreting Data - was also analysed. Although 'Scientific Inquiry and the Nature of Science' topics were not included in intended curriculum in Korea, Korean students' average scale score of 'Scientific Inquiry and the Nature of Science' was significantly higher than international average and, in comparison with other science content areas, achievement of that area was relatively high. The reasons could be that the most students studied topics related to 'Scientific Inquiry and the Nature of Science' through the implemented curriculum and that the Korean teachers recognized the importance of inquiry. According to the results to analyze subcategories, the average percent correct of Korea were higher than 50% except the 'Scientific Measurements' subcategory. However, the international average percent correct were lower than 50%. Especially, the average percent correct of Korea was the highest in 'Describing and Interpreting Data' subcategory despite there were many students who were confused at observation, hypothesis and conclusion.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.63 no.3
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• pp.196-208
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• 2019

This study analyzed achievement standards in the 2015 revised Science Education Standards as well as activities and assessment items in grade 7 science textbooks using science core competencies and subcomponents. Scientific participation and lifelong learning capacity was not involved in the achievement standards. Logical thinking of scientific thinking capacity, planning and carrying out investigation, analyzing and interpreting data, developing and using models, and constructing explanation of scientific inquiry capacity, collecting and selecting information of scientific problem solving capacity, and using various communication methods of scientific communication capacity were involved in the achievement standards. All five scientific core competencies including all subcomponents except rational decision making of scientific problem solving capacity and understanding and coordinating diverse thoughts of scientific communication capacity were involved in activities of science textbooks. All five scientific core competencies were involved in assessment items of science textbooks. Logical thinking and creative thinking of scientific thinking capacity, planning and carrying out investigation and constructing explanation of scientific inquiry capacity, identifying problems, collecting and selecting information, suggesting solutions, and performing of scientific problem solving capacity, using various communication methods, arguing based on evidence of scientific communication capacity, and being interested in science technology and society issues of scientific participation and lifelong learning capacity.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.47-56
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• 2003

The present study was carried out to analyse the frequency(%) for five kinds of inquiry context elements for six kinds of the high school science textbooks in the 7th curriculum. All the elements was classified into three process achievement level such as the basic, supplementary and further level introduced firstly in the 7th curriculum. Five elements of the inquiry context categories appeared as pure scientific context(61.8%), everyday context(22.2%), natural environmental context(7.7%), techno-industrial context(5.9%), and social context(2.4%) in the basic, supplementary and further level. Social context wasn't appeared in the supplementary level. In five elements of inquiry context, total elements appeared 7,139(85.5%) kfrequencies in the basic level and 691(8.1%) frequencies in the further level. However total elements appeared 529(6.4%) frequencies in the supplementary level. The kinds and frequencies of the elements for the inquiry context suggested in the basic level were more than those in the supplementary and in the further level. The social context was not appeared in the supplementary level. However five inquiry context elements were all appeared in the basic and further level.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Earth Science Education
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.235-253
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to compare by learner groups(K-12, geology-related majoring students, science teachers) how geologic fieldwork education cases in domestic and foreign papers for recent 20 years reflect the elements of inquiry in field geology. The total number of analyzed cases is 53(58 for double counting), and the analysis was conducted on the elements of inquiry in field geology and their sub-element. As a result, there was a clear difference between the cases of geologic fieldwork education for K-12 and college students majoring in geology-related disciplines, in the way of reflecting elements of inquiry in field geology. Because most of K-12 target fieldworks were designed based on the curriculum, it mainly included 2-3 elements of observations, representations, and/or abductive reasoning. On the other hand, because fieldworks for geology-related major students aim to train geologic experts, it diversely contained four or five of the elements of inquiry in field geology, including spatial thinking and diachronic thinking in a high proportion, and also frequently used activities that require specialized skills such as geological mapping. Fieldworks for science teachers were found to have mixed features of K-12 and geology-related major students. Considering the diversity of included inquiry elements, similarities with the activities performed by geologists, and the autonomy of learners, it was analyzed that geologic fieldwork for geology-related major students was more close to authentic geologic inquiry than fieldwork for others. Based on the results of this study, we suggested implications for improving geological fieldwork as authentic science inquiry.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.309-335
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• 2011

Writings of gifted students were classified by the writing analysis protocol built on the scientific inquiry process and writings of scientific journals. These writings were classified 7 types based on the existence of tentative explanations and types of conclusion. In addition the writings were classified by linear form, double linear form, supporting-conclusion form based on the number and position of writings. The characteristics of writings show that, first, the tentative explanation is located at the beginning and the drawing conclusion at the end of articles. Secondly, students prefer the linear form writing to explain their logics. Finally, supporting-conclusion writings are shown when answers of question is written only in the drawing conclusion without estimation.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.282-290
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• 2008

The Research and Education (R&E) program was a year-long, apprenticeship and research-based program that was guided by mentors who are scientists or science teachers. The objective of the R&E program was to help scientifically gifted students in Korea Science Academy (KSA) and Science High Schools (SHS) to enhance abilities in creative thinking, scientific inquiry, problem solving, positive attitude towards scientists, and promoting cooperative research and interests in science and technology. In this study, the impact of the R&E program on the goals of 182 gifted college students in KAIST was evaluated using Likert-type items and multiple-choice method approach that provided a more comprehensive evaluation of the program's impact on science attitudes, creative thinking, scientific inquiry, and interests in science and technology. The results indicated a positive impact on cooperative research, gaining knowledge on the research topic, attitude towards scientists, interest in science and technology, scientific inquiry, and creative thinking in that order. There were rather remarkable and meaningful differences in science inquiry (p<.05), and scientific knowledge (p<.01), between the two groups of KAIST freshmen who came from SHS and KSA in 2006. Implications for science apprenticeship or a research-based mentorship program and their respective evaluations are also discussed.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.700-716
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• 2021

This study is based on the importance of observation or exploration in contemporary scientific inquiry and the need to expand the learning materials of science inquiry. It aims to analyze students' characteristics of exploration in abduction by developing and applying an educational program using art materials. For this study, a program named "Scientist going to the museum" utilizing artistic materials such as Oriental and Western paintings, mythology, orchestral suite, and traditional houses, was developed and five middle school students participated. Students who found and explored interesting phenomena in the work were divided into three main groups depending on the characteristics of the exploration activity. Some students observed and described elements that could be connected to scientific concepts, while others mainly explored everyday elements that were relatively unrelated to such concepts. Moreover, another type of students explored the works based on their subjective evaluations. This study shows that learning materials that cannot be visually explored are not suitable for abductive activities that students' prior knowledge has a significant impact on their exploration, and that educational materials for earth science inquiry could be expanded. This study also provides an example of learning materials and methods, and that abduction may be utilized for learning astronomy.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.66 no.2
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• pp.163-170
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• 2022

This study investigated and analyzed the social and emotional learning components of middle school science, and high school integrated science and science inquiry experiments, which are common subjects that all students must complete. The subjects of analysis were 139 achievement standards of science and curriculum and 496 activities included in textbooks. The research results are as follows. In the case of curriculum achievement standards, 'cultural understanding' was hardly included among the seven science and social-emotional learning elements, 'numeracy' and 'creative thinking' appeared high in middle school, 'critical thinking', 'social technology' and 'ethical understanding' were included with high frequency in high school. And in the case of textbook activity, the tendency of social-emotional learning elements in middle school and high school was similar. 'critical thinking', 'creative thinking', and 'social skills' were mainly provided, while 'ethical understanding' and 'cultural understanding' were reflected in a limited way. In order to cultivate the elements of overall social-emotional learning, it is necessary to specify the achievement standards of the curriculum or to supplement the textbook activities and teaching-learning process.

• Journal for History of Mathematics
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.23-56
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• 2010

본 논문의 목적은 집합론이 메타논리학에 필수불가결하다는 주장, 즉 필수불가결성 논제에 반대하는 것이다. 만일 집합론이 메타논리학에 필수불가결하다면, 집합론을 포함하게 되는 논리적 탐구는 논리학의 가장 근본적인 특성들인 주제중립성과 보편적 적용가능성을 결여하게 되기 때문이다. 논리학의 주제중립성은 논리학의 명제들이 개별 과학과 같은 특정한 지식 분야에 국한되지 않는다는 것을 말하며, 논리학의 보편적 적용가능성은 논리학의 명제들과 추론 규칙들이 모든 과학 분야들과 합리적 담론들에서 사용될 수 있다는 것을 말한다. 나아가 주제중립성과 보편적 적용가능성을 지니기 위해서는, 논리학을 기술하는 메타논리적 용어들과 개념들 역시 이러한 특성들을 지녀야만 한다. 하지만 필수불가결성 논제를 받아들이게 되면, 우리는 논리학이 적용되는 모든 분야에서 집합론의 용어들과 집합론적 개념들이 필수불가결하다는 것을 받아들여야만 한다. 그리고 이는 분명 불합리한 일이다. 필수불가결성 논제가 그럴듯하지 않다는 것을 보이기 위해서 나는 집합과 관련된 존재론적 문제를 살펴볼 것이다. 이러한 탐구는 집합이 어떤 식으로 이해되든지 간에 존재론적으로 보수적인 "논리적 존재자" 로 간주되기 어렵다는 것을 보여줄 것이다.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.407-418
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• 2018

Science and technology have led the development of mankind, but have created problems such as natural depletion, climate change, economic inequality and poverty. The purpose of this study is to explore the meaning of early childhood science for sustainable development to solve these problems and to contribute to the harmony of nature and human beings. In order to accomplish this research objectives, 18 experts and 15 teachers were interviewed on the meaning of sustainable development and the directions of early childhood science education for sustainable development. Early childhood science education for sustainable development was categorized as follows. 'Mutual respect between child-teacher-organism', 'developing individual inquiry-based on community consciousness', 'looking at the world with child's eyes', 'deepening and expanding on topics of interest', 'continuous inquiry and commitment', 'conversation and sharing-centered exploration'. By these results, it was concluded that early childhood science education for sustainable development should start from the perspective of children, and was a meaningful process in which children constantly learn about the nature surrounding themselves based on mutual respect.