• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.32 no.7
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• pp.902-912
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of teaching based on analysis of a hierarchy of the concepts associated with astronomical observation as well as each learner's status of knowledge through analytical methods of the knowledge state. A test instrument was developed to measure high school students' concepts associated with astronomical observation before instruction. The learners' psychological hierarchy associated with astronomical observation that the participants possessed showed the order of 'motion of the earth${\rightarrow}$coordinate system${\rightarrow}$astronomical observation (mechanism of the telescope${\rightarrow}$installation of the telescope${\rightarrow}$observation through the telescope)', and so was the hierarchy of teaching (70.6%). The learners' knowledge state that is supposed to be similar each other in the ability of observing celestial bodies was different even through they scored the same on the concept test. There were cases with the knowledge state well-structured and not well-structured, which suggests that differentiated instruction with appropriate teaching-learning prescriptions be prepared. An analysis of the knowledge state can play the role of both preparing individualized learning prescriptions and formative evaluation. In the unit dealing with astronomical observation of Earth ScienceI, teaching according to the psychological hierarchy of learners rather than the order in which the textbook syllabi were presented scored significantly higher (p<0.05) on the level of concept achievements. This result suggests that the teacher can help students achieve more efficient in learning by analyzing the learner's knowledge state and reordering the syllabi of the textbook in teaching the concepts associated with astronomical observation.

• The Journal of Korean society of community based occupational therapy
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.1-13
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• 2012

Objective : The purpose of this study was to understand the game world experience and peer interaction of students with disabilities in the community. Method : In this study, Giorgi's phenomenological method was used to understand the game world experience and peer interaction of two students with disabilities in the community. The data collection about the situation and the context of the subjects was conducted over three times of interviews, until no new data. Meaning units through the four steps for Giorgi's scientific phenomenology were analyzed in the context of the overall data. Result : Two students with disabilities in the community had to spend time at home with physical limitation and alienation, and their leisure activities was mainly using the computer and television. Restrictions of leisure activities wad the cause of difficulties of social accessibility, and they need the correct thinking and self-control in the use of the time. Due to the game for fun, they have no interact with peers. On the other hand, most of conversation about the game were with families. Conclusion : Students with disabilities had a physical and psychological difficulties were feeling pleasure through the game. They need the correct thinking and self-control in the use of the time, and need an alternative solution for a reckless game use.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.341-348
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• 2010

After excavation work of relics, historical site which has historically meaningful, are preserved using the various methods. There are three method in the relocation methods that are original relocation method, the remaining structure-peel method, and soil peel method. The original relocation method is restored after relocating in historical site such as residential site, iron foundry site, kiln site, old mound. The remaining structure-peel method are restored only the feature of exposed remaining structure using polymeric resin, when it is difficult to relocate the entire remaining structure. And soil-peel method is exhibited after peeling in case when soil layers such as grave of old mound, foundation of building site, sedimentary deposit layer, shell heap, and etc. Soil-peel method becomes important historical data of changes according to environment at that time, that is, flooding by storm, traces of fire and living features of that time such as heaps of shells discarded after eating shellfish and living wastes. In particular, in case of soil layer for preparing foundation sites of building by compacting in turn soils with different components such as clay soil, rough sand soil and etc, it becomes important data which can judge foundation technology of that time. It can be said to be an important data preservation method for utilizing these historical data as historical data as well as for the purpose of education, exhibitions and public relations which can be shared not only by experts but also by general public. In this paper, we present the reliable definition of soil-peel method in various preservation methods and explain the using polymer in this method. So, we will come up with the accurate index about this method that is used the eminent analysis method for soil layer.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.33 no.7
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• pp.1154-1161
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• 2004

The objective of this study was to evaluate microbiological Quality of HACCP application in elementary school foodservice operations. Microbiological Quality of utensils and non-heated foods such as salad was measured two times at five elementary schools in Daegu. The two experimentations differed in that after the first experimentation employees were educated and trained on HACCP based sanitation standards with a goal of improving microbiological Quality of foodservice. Microbiological Quality, time, and temperature were evaluated at three critical control points (CCPs)： washing and disinfecting, personal hygiene and non-cross contamination. Micro-biological Quality was assessed using 3M petrifilm to measure total plate count and coliform group. The first experimentation showed low microbiological Quality due to cross contamination of utensils and cooking gloves; high microbiological count of the garlic, powdered red pepper, and ginger; and not thoroughly washing and disinfecting vegetables. In the second experimentation, microbiological Quality was greatly improved by washing and thoroughly disinfecting raw ingredients and utensils, and using good personal hygiene. However, microbiological Quality of seasonings was still low. Immediate corrective actions were required in one of the foodservice operations that was assessed. These results strongly suggest that foodservice operations should address non-heated food Quality. It is essential to measure microbiological Quality regularly and continually train and retrain employees on hand washing and disinfecting raw ingredients. Further studies are needed to determine whether pathogens are present in raw vegetables and seasonings.

• Journal of KIISE
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.336-345
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• 2016

Since no course is offered in the area of professional ICT(Information & Communication Technology) in the high school curriculum, high school students do not have the opportunity to learn about the ICT engineering area and the possible career paths in the field. Due to this problem, high school students are not motivated to choose ICT majors at university level, and in turn, the ICT departments are struggling to recruit qualified students. In this paper, we present an R&E (research and education) model to mitigate this problem. We also present a case study on the program following the model offered by "H" university in collaboration with a local high school. Through the program we provided high school students with design and development experiences to solve engineering problems related to the ICT area and tried to attract their attention to ICT majors. The participants of the R&E program were able to experience the systematic engineering design process, ICT tools, teamwork, and communication skills through problem solving procedures. Based on three years of observation and the survey, it was found that more than 76% of students were motivated highly by ICT and engineering majors via the program. The main contribution of the paper is that we have proposed and proved the R&E program model and applied the ICT R&E model to a program to attract qualified students to ICT majors.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.365-374
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• 2008

Using flight simulator tasks with 48 air force cadets, this research examined the effects of pilots' flight skill and self-esteem on risk-taking behavior in the context of social comparison with their cohorts. Flight skill and self-esteem were assessed for individual cadets and three conditions of social comparison (upward-, downward-, and no-comparison) were devised. Flight simulator situations inappropriate for further approach or landing were designed to assess pilots' risk-taking behavior. Weather conditions in the simulator were inadequate to make a landing and the recommended strategy was to break off the approach and attempt a go-around. In this experiment, pilots' risk taking was measured in terms of their approach altitudes; the lower approach altitudes indicative of the higher risk-taking. Our results showed interaction effects of flight skill, self-esteem, and social comparison on risk-taking behaviors. For pilots who were either high or low in both self-esteem and flight skill, social comparison had no effect on risk-taking behavior. However, pilots with high self-esteem but low flight skill showed more risk-taking behaviors in social comparison conditions. And, pilots with low self-esteem but high flight skill showed risk-aversive behaviors in the downward-comparison condition.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.9
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• pp.112-126
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• 2005

This study investigates how 'multi-perspective' can be utilized in animation. For this goal, 1 used the traditional techniques of Korean folk paintings called 'Minhwa.' Most 'Minhwa' works, employ 'multi-perspectives', instead of linear perspective of the Western tradition that has been only taught to students under the formal education system. In Minhwa parts of reality are not only stylized but also fragmented and combined within the same frame. Other common techniques of 'Minhwa' include frontal view, bird's eye view, and inverse-perspective, which are of ien combined in one single work. The purpose of this study is to develop a working principle and practically apply it to , an animation piece based on the Korean folktale of the same title. In doing so, I have proposed a way to reconstruct and revitalize the traditional art form in the age of digital technology and have concluded that 'Multi-perspective' in 'Minhwa' can be utilized in other contents such as animation.'Multi-perspective' in 'Minhwa' is a rich source that has numerous cultural applications.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.543-559
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• 2009

Dr Lillehei (1918$\sim$1999) pioneered cardiac surgery with his landmark operations using cross-circulation in 1954 and 1955. With his dedications to open heart surgery, he is generally considered to be the father of open heart surgery by many medical historians. Dr Lillehei expanded his contributions to cardiac surgery with training 134 cardiothoracic surgeons at the University of Minnesota Hospital and he trained an additional 20 surgeons at the Cornell Medical Center. Dr Lillehei's trainees came from all over the world and Dr YK lee (1921$\sim$1994) of Seoul National University was among them. He joined the University of Minnesota Hospital in 1957 as a part of the Minnesota project. During his stay for two years, in addition to experimental research, he learned clinical cardiac surgery as part of Dr Lillehei's team. In 1959, after returning to Korea, Dr Lee began his career as. a full-time cardiac surgeon with establishing the Division of Cardiac Surgery at Seoul National University. Hospital. Yet he encountered many difficult barriers in the process. During that time, Dr Lillehei was willing to share his experience and he provided many valuable resources for cardiac operations. With Dr Lillehei's kind help, the open heart surgery program was gradually and successfully established at Seoul National University Hospital. These two surgical titans from across the Pacific Ocean died in 1994 (Dr Lee) and 1999 (Dr Lillehei). They are gone, yet the proud Korean people have not forgotten them.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.657-662
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• 1996

In order to investigate the quality status of fried-frozen Korean meat ball products during retail distribution, VBN value, TBA value, pH and metmyoglobin ratio were determined for 117 samples collected in Seoul area during the period of May to September, 1995. Most samples maintained relatively good quality, but one sample of a company showed $32.5mg%$ of VBN value and 0.65mg/kg of TBA value which indicate the early stage of spoilage. Correlation coefficient between metmyoglobin ratio and TBA value was highly significant. Samples closer to shelf-life limit tended to show higher VBN value, TBA value, metmyoglobin ratio and pH. Out of the surveyed samples, 35% were on retail shelves of temperature above $-14^{\circ}C$, while only 18% were being sold at temperature below $-18^{\circ}C$. It is concluded that prepared frozen foods should be stored at the recommended temperature of $-18^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.275-282
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to improve work performance conducted at an actual clinical site by determining the relationship among critical thinking disposition, problem solving ability, and work performance. In this study, 335 dental hygienists completed self-administered survey. Final analysis was conducted with a total of 331 responses, excluding 4 questionnaire with unreliable responses and non-responses. The results indicated that as the age, educational background, and work experience of the subjects increased, their critical thinking disposition and problem solving ability scores increased and were statistically significant. For work performance, average total score was high for age, educational background and work experience, but only age and work experience were statistically significant. Critical thinking disposition, problem solving ability and work performance of the subject were relevant, and all of them were significant. Work performance was also influenced indirectly by mediating problem solving ability in critical thinking disposition. In other words, both direct and indirect effects were significant, and the existence of partial moderating effect was verified. Thus, in order to improve work performance of dental hygienists, a multilevel educational process that can simultaneously improve critical thinking disposition and problem solving ability of dental hygienists needs to be developed. Therefore, it is expected that the new dental hygiene company will be able to perform without any sense of disparity in the clinical field; this will solve the gap between dental hygiene education and practical skills.