• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.86-89
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• 2006

설탕을 원료로 제조한 액상 프락토올리고당 제품의 품질 유지기간을 향상시키기위하여 pH, 고형분 농도, 과당 농도가 프락토올리고당(FOS)의 가수분해에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 효소 반응액의 pH 6.0 이상과 최종 제품의 고형분 농도 80%에서 FOS의 잔존율이 크게 향상되었다. 또한 과당 농도가 증가할수록 FOS의 잔존율은 감소하였다. 효소 반응액의 pH 6.0, 고형분 농도 80%, 과당 농도 1.1%의 시료를 $60^{\circ}C$에 16 일간 보관한 결과 FOS의 잔존율은 95%로 높게 유지되었다.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.380-386
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• 2005

Separation of fructose and glucose was performed using emulsion liquid membranes with a mixture of an organoboronic acid and a quaternary ammonium salt as a carrier in a batch reactor. In order to find a carrier and an optimal experimental condition suitable to the sugar separation, extraction of each sugar was carried out independently. The effect of various experimental variables, such as initial concentration of sugar in the feed phase, type of organoboronic acids, and w/o ratio, on the sugar separation was investigated, and the concentrations of sugars in each aqueous phase were analyzed. The ratio of degree of extraction of fructose to that of glucose was very high, but the concentration of fructose in the receiving phase was not too high. Therefore, a stronger stripping agent in the receiving phase was required for development of a practical ELM system suitable to the sugar separation.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.405-410
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• 1996

The fermented black tea with tea fungus (FBTF) known to cure various diseases was prepared by culturing tea fungus biomass in black tae with different kinds (sucrose, glucose, fructose and corn syrup) and concentrations (10-60% m/v) of saccharides. pH changes and total acid production of FBTF were investigated during 14 dats incubation at $5-45^{\circ}C$ The patterns of acid production in sucrose and fructose black tea solution were similar each other, and those in glucose and corn syrup black tea solution were similar each other showing that tea fungus biomass utilizes fructose than glucose more efficiently. The optimum incubation temperature for the formation and growth of tea fungus Biomass, and the acid production was $30^{\circ}C$ Low contents of total aids (0.1%-0.2%) were produced in 20% of higher concentrations of sucrose and fructose black tea solution, while 1.8% and 0.68% were produced in the 10% of sucrose and fructose black tea solutions, respectively, pH of FBTF dropped to 2.74-3.56 after 2 days of incubation of all the culture solution and Kept this level to 14 days incubation.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.561-567
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• 2002

Xylitol is a 5-carbons carbohydrate, which can be replaced with sucrose for preventing caries. The replication of Streptococcus mutans and its formation of artificial plaque were studied in the media containing xylitol. The combined effect of xylitol and other carbohydrates on Streptococcus mutans was also studied. The replication of Streptococcus mutans was inhibited according to the increased concentration of xylitol. Streptococcus mutans replicated at the initial stage of incubation in the media containing glucose, fructose or lactose, while replicating from the beginning of incubation in the media containing fructose as combining with xylitol. The formation of artificial plaque by Streptococcus mutans was significantly reduced in the media containing with xylitol and fructose. These results indicated that the replication of Streptococcus mutans was inhibited according to the increased concentration of xylitol, and the formation of artificial plaque by Streptococcus mutans was significantly inhibited in the media containing xylitol and fructose.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.165-170
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• 2005

The present study was aimed to investigate whether ethanol-extract of Nelumbo nucifera has an ameliorative effect on the renal function in high fructose-diet induced hypertensive rats. The urine osmolality (Uosmel) was decreased in rats with high fructose-diet ($60\%$) during the whole experiment period without change of the urine volume (UV). The urinary excretion of sodium and chloride were decrease significantly in rats with fructose induced hypertensive rats, wheras urinary excretion of potassium was increased. The creatinine clearance (CCr) and solute-free water reabsorption were also decreased by treatment of fructose rich diet. Among these renal functional parameters, CCr was partially restored by the administration of ethanol-extract of Nelumbo nucifera. The Uosmol was also partially restored by the administration ethanol-extract of Nelumbo nucifera at the end of the experimental period. Taken together, ethanol-extract of Nelumbo nucifera has the ameliorative effect on glomerular filtration rate in rats with high fructose-diet induced hypertension.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.519-526
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• 2018

Fructan, a fructose homopolymer, is found in various foods, including onion, garlic, chicory, Jerusalem artichoke, banana, and Cheonggukjang. This study aimed to quantitatively analyze both levan-type and insulin-type fructan using acid analysis and enzyme treatment. In order to analyze fructan contents, we applied optimized conditions to various fructan-rich foods using products from 2017. In the case of oxalic acid hydrolysis, fructose concentrations increased as oxalic acid concentration increased. Inulinase treatment was better than invertase treatment in terms of fructose liberation from fructan. We applied three different methods to fructan-rich foods, including onion, garlic, banana, and Cheonggukjang and found that fructose released from fructan-rich foods was the highest in oxalic acid hydrolysis among three different methods. Except for Cheonggukjang, inulinase treatment produced better results in terms of fructose contents than invertase treatment. From our study, estimated daily fructan intakes by Koreans were 1,172~3,402 mg from onion and garlic. In conclusion, we believe that information on fructan-rich foods may be helpful to understand their roles in the human digestive system.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.15 no.2 s.69
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• pp.293-297
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• 2005

This experiment was carried to investigate the optimum concentration of abscisic acid (ABA) treatment for enhancing fruit coloration of 'Kyoho' grapes. Cluster and berry weights showed a tendency that increased in proportion to concentration of ABA treatment, but were not significant in all treatments. Also, soluble solids and titratable acidity were not significant during fruit development in all treatments. L-phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity showed a tendency that decreased after rapidly increased in all treatments, and was the highest in 1000 mg/l ABA treatment at final harvest. Anthocyanin and total phenolics contents were high in proportion to ABA treatment concentration, and anthocyanin content in 1000 mg/l ABA treatment was 2.5 folds of that in control. Fructose and glucose as soluble sugars were detected, but sucrose was not detected. Both fructose and glucose contents increased during fruit development, but showed little difference in all treatments.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.921-926
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• 2022

Sugar solutions (5%, 10%, 15% and 20%) were tested by seven sensors of Astree E-Tongue for selecting a sensor for sweetness. NMS sensor was chosen as a sensor for sweetness among two sensors (PKS and NMS sensors selected in first stage) by considering precision, linearity and accuracy. Sugar, fructose, glucose and xylitol (5%, 10% and 15%) were tested by E-tongue. The principal component analysis (PCA) result by E-Tongue with seven sensors at 5% concentration level of four sweetners was not satisfactory (Discrimination index was -0.1). On the other hand, the relative NMS sensor response values were derived as 1.08 (fructose), 0.99 (glucose) and 1.00 (xylitol) comparing to sugar. Only the E-Tongue relative glucose response 0.99 was different from 0.5~0.75 of the relative sweetness range reported as the human sensory test results. Considering the excellent precision (%RSD, 1.53~3.64%) of E-Tongue using NMS single sensor for three types of sweeteners compared to sugar in the concentration range of 5% to 15%, replacing sensory test of sweetened beverages by E-Tongue might be possible for new product development and quality control.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.42 no.10
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• pp.1576-1584
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• 2013

This study is carried out to assess the relative effects of different doses of dietary glucose or fructose on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and hepatic metaflammation in a rodent model of type 2 diabetes. KK/HlJ male mice were fed experimental diets as follows: 1) control (CON), 2) moderate glucose (MG, 30% of total calories as glucose), 3) high glucose (HG, 60% of total calories as glucose), 4) moderate fructose (MF, 30% of total calories as fructose), and 5) high fructose (HF, 60% of total calories as fructose) for three weeks. Food intake was not affected by treatments. Compared with HF, HG not only increased serum fasting glucose and area under the curve during oral glucose tolerance test, but also decreased the levels of serum insulin and adiponectin. It indicated that glucose control was complicated via high glucose intake. High fructose treatment led to increased triglyceride in the serum and liver. In comparison to HG, high fructose diet activated NOD-like receptor family, pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome consisting of apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC), NLRP3 and caspase 1, which increases interleukin (IL)-$1{\beta}$ maturation and secretion. The activation of NLRP3 inflammasome was accompanied by increased levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-${\alpha}$) and IL-6. However, the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome components and pro-inflammatory cytokines did not differ between CON and HG. These data suggested that dietary fructose triggers hepatic metaflammation accompanied by NLRP3 inflammasome activation and has deleterious effects on NAFLD.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.226-233
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• 2013

The optimal amount of loquat leaf extract (LLE, $18^{\circ}$ Brix), fructose, and cream were determined to develop a rice beverage supplemented with LLE. The loquat leaves were extracted by water at $80^{\circ}C$ for 6 hrs and then concentrated to 18% of solid for 1 hr at the same temperature to extraction. To investigate the optimal concentration of the additives, the response surface methodology (RSM) was employed for the experimental design. The addition amounts of the additives were coded. Sweetness, bitterness, off-taste, color, taste preference, and total preference were affected significantly (P<0.05) by the addition of LLE, fructose, and cream. Cream masked the bitterness and off-taste. The total preference of the LLEsupplemented rice beverage showed a lower score than the commercialiy available rice beverages. To achieve the preference level of the commercial rice beverages, the regression between fructose and LLE concentration was calculated as: fructose= $0.618{\times}(LLE)^2+0.406{\times}(LLE)$. Conclusively, cream had an effect of masking the bitterness of rice milk, and the preference was highly related to the addition amount of fructose.