• Land and Housing Review
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.11-24
• /
• 2014

The expected launching countries are selected based on the state and strategy of businesses undertaking by LH, then the legal systems for urban development of those countries are investigated and analyzed to be used as basic data for advancing to oversea urban development. The results are showing as follows. First, on the basis of the advancing priority, and the level and obtaining possibility of legal system for urban developments, Bangladesh, Thailand, Dominican Republic, and Venezuela are selected to be investigated among the countries of Central and South America and Asia to where expected to be advanced. Second, most of the selected countries establish and promote the national housing policies by their own National Housing Authority. For example, First-Home Policy and National Housing Development Strategy, etc. are established in Thailand, and National Housing Authority takes charge of the housing development for low-income bracket. Third, the laws and project procedures are investigated, then compared to the similar laws of Korea. The common "Land Allocation Act" is legislate in Bangladesh and Thailand, for example, "Land Allocation Act" and "Town and City Planning Act" are enacted in Thailand. On the other hand, the laws for urban and housing developments vary from country to country those are located in Central and South America. Meanwhile, it is verified that "Act on Planning and Use of National Territory" of Korea is similar to the "Town and City Planning Act" of Thailand.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.19 no.3
• /
• pp.75-82
• /
• 2018

Recently, emerging countries have been paying attention to Korean economic development policy, trying to adopt the Korean regional innovation model. Korea is also interested in exporting its regional innovation model and enhancing economic cooperation with those countries. This paper aims to analyze the capacity-building programs of the Korean regional innovation model for emerging countries and suggests policies for it. For this purpose, the local innovators' participation patterns in the process of collaborative learning/networking/interaction are investigated with a focused group-interview method. From an analysis of the programs supported by Korean organizations, this study finds that the correlation coefficient between the training time of capacity building and the participation rate of local members' collaborative learning is very high (0.975). Since the correlation coefficient between the participation rates of collaborative learning and networking is relatively low (0.667), a policy to link local collaborative learning to networking should be provided. As the correlation coefficient between the participation rates of networking and interaction is high (0.950), networking is a key to regional innovation. This study recommends activity programs to promote networking among local innovators, rather than training and consulting programs. As introduced in the Chungnam Techno Park case, this study suggests that the capacity-building program should include programs to initiate a collaborative learning network, to create a local-demand, regional innovation model, and to operate the regional innovation platform, which should be done by local innovators in the emerging countries.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
• /
• v.24 no.1
• /
• pp.112-118
• /
• 2018

The purpose of this study is to analyze endangered species laws and systems in China from the viewpoint of the importance of protecting biodiversity and to propose suggestions for existing wildlife protection laws in China to improve efficacy. Since the People's Republic of China Wildlife Protection Act was promulgated and enforced in 1988, China has found that urgent amendments are necessary because of neglected management of the act. The content of the Wildlife Protection Act of China is not only monotonous and unsystematic, but also needs modification and supplementation because it is pre-modern and does not meet current demands. In comparison with other countries, the purpose of China's legislation, supervision system, scope of protection and public participation system differ. China's Wildlife Protection Act is also hindered by confusion in the legislative protection system, lack of an administrative compensation system, difficulties in implementation, deterioration of legal efficiency, lack of content and operations, and lack of a list of species that should be is protected. This paper proposes measures for improvement to solve this confusion in the legislative system for the endangered species protection law to establish a legal system suitable for the current situation in China.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
• /
• v.45 no.2
• /
• pp.87-92
• /
• 2017

The first Ebola hemorrhagic fever outbreak occurred in the Democratic Republic of Congo and Sudan in 1976 and then emerged in West Africa in 2014 with a total of 27,741 cases and 11,284 deaths. The fever is caused by the Ebola virus, which belongs to the Filoviridae family and contains a ssRNA genome. The known subtypes of the virus are Bundibugyo ebolavirus, Reston ebolavirus, Sudan ebolavirus, $Ta\ddot{i}$ Forest ebolavirus, and Zaire ebolavirus. The Ebola outbreak was historically originated majorly from the East and Central African tropical belt. The current outbreaks in West Africa caused numerous deaths and spread fear in global society. In the absence of effective treatment strategies and any vaccine, accurate diagnosis is the most important contributing factor in the management and control of the epidemic disease. WHO (World Health Organization) has announced emergency guidance for the selection and use of Ebola in in vitro diagnostic assays. Numerous companies and research institutions have studied the various diagnosis methods and identified four WHO procurement approved as diagnosis kits: RealStar Ebolavirus Screen RT-PCR kit 1.0 (Altona), Liferiver-Ebola Virus (EBOV) Real time RT-PCR kit, Xpert Ebola Assay, and ReEBOV Antigen Rapid Test Kit. The efficiency of novel diagnostic kits such as Rapid Diagnosis Test (RDT) is currently being evaluated.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.16 no.9
• /
• pp.170-184
• /
• 2016

The research is our public rental housing policy are 'Why' Did you no choice but to make the route changes, according to previous governments neo-institutional one fine history of care institutions, Historical analysis method and historical comparison system was complementary to the borders of the principle of hacke to appear (248 hacker, 2004 :) that the path to the model attempts to analyze a mix of evolution. Our country has a high degree of exodus due to industrialization and urbanization have caused and here, by means of side effects to housing was becoming serious social problems. Has this to solve housing problems governments have any policy to take a look at the latest. 5, 16 5,16 Military Coup caused by the advent of the Third Republic ; lack of legitimacy of the regime established, the Korea Housing Corporation randomness that for over the cracks and a consensus on the critical period of Public Rental Housing begins to engage in further studies in this study reported paths of Lee Myung-bak administration during the course of evolution 'of nest housing', and government 'happy homes', Park Geun-hye, a diagnose and address the state of the public rental housing policy by comparison, the next of Public Rental Housing A desirable destination of the study to present.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
• /
• v.28 no.1
• /
• pp.57-66
• /
• 2017

SIR model (Kermack and McKendrik, 1927) is one of the most popular method to explain the spread of disease, In order to construct SIR model, we need to estimate transition rate parameter and recovery rate parameter. If we don't have any information of the two rate parameters, we should estimate using observed whole trajectory of pandemic of disease. Thus, with restricted observed data, we can't estimate rate parameters. In this research, we introduced Reed-Frost model (Andersson and Britton, 2000) to calculate the probability of infection in the early stage of pandemic with the restriction of data. When we have an initial number of susceptible and infected, and a final number of infected, we can apply Reed - Frost model and we can get the probability of infection. We applied the Reed - Frost model to the Vibrio cholerae pandemic data from Republic of the Cameroon and calculated the probability of infection at the early stage. We also construct SIR model using the result of Reed - Frost model.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
• /
• v.11 no.3
• /
• pp.149-170
• /
• 2012

The United Nations Climate Change Conference, Durban 2011, ended on December 12, 2011, 36 hours over its schedule, delivering the Durban Package, which consisted of, inter alia, the extension of the period for Kyoto Protocol term and the launch of Ad-hoc working Group on the Durban Platform for Enhanced Action. Despite the positive progress made in Durban, the future of post-2012 climate regime still seems cloudy. Before the Durban conference, some of Annex I countries with emissions reduction commitment under the Kyoto Protocol's first commitment period openly declared their intention not to participate in the second one, reducing the effectiveness of Durban agreement. Parties to the conference have a long list of difficult issues disturbing the materialization of the new legal agreement in 2020 such as level of mitigation targets of individual countries and legal nature of their commitment. Given this uncertainty, the Korean government should reinforce its domestic climate policies rather than settling in the fact that it remains as a non-Annex I county party under the Durban Agreement due to the extension of the Kyoto Protocol period. Domestically, it needs to continue to raise the public awareness for rigorous climate policies to transit its economy to low carbon pathway which reduces the country's dependency on fossil fuel in the long term. It is also important to implement cost effective climate policies to cope with domestic resistance and international competitiveness. Internationally, its priority would be working for trust-building in the on-going negotiation meetings to encourage meaningful participation of all parties.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
• /
• v.43 no.3
• /
• pp.121-141
• /
• 2012

This study compares and analyzes the numbers and characteristics of Korea-related subjects included in the 2008 Japanese edition of the National Diet Library Subject Headings (NDLSH) and the $2^{nd}$ edition of the Chinese Classified Thesaurus(CCT). The analysis results show that 258 subjects, approximately twice as many as 137 subjects in CCT, were found in NDLSH. There are more pure subjects that exclude the references in CCT than in NDLSH. On the other hand, much more subjects are found in NDLSH in the event that personal names, corporate headings, and subjects combined with detailed headings are included. Meanwhile, more subjects are relatively engaged in the fields of politics, diplomacy, and military in CCT because CCT is characterized by socialism and by being a pro-North Korea. Moreover, the considerable numbers of subjects reflecting North Korea's viewpoint are included in CCT. NDLSH changed only recently the names of both South and North Korea into the "Republic of Korea" and the "Democratic People's Republic of Korea", respectively. On the other hand, CCT more frequently uses "Joseon" than "Korea", and the distinction between the names is unclear. CCT thoroughly supports the stance of the developed country, directly involved in the disputable subjects between two countries such as "Dokdo", "the East Sea", "Dumangang", and "Baekdusan". Both heading lists consider "Balhae" as part of Chinese history in CCT, which has ignored the position of Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.37 no.5
• /
• pp.78-89
• /
• 2009

Overall 25~30 new golf courses are opening in Korea these days, and total annual rounds have been also increasing by 10~15% every year. The Korean golf industry is being recognized as the largest growing golf industry in the world. However, it is easily defined that there are many problems of golf course development and construction methods such as construction fees. The average construction cost for golf course development and golf course maintenance fees in Korea are much more than the cost in the USA and other countries. It may be due to the fact that USA golf course development is managed by a highly developed construction method and well trained specialists. This study will be concentrated on one of the major differences, which is about cart path material; this causes a big difference of construction and maintenance fees. In order to overcome this study, concrete and asphalt will be specified as the main cart path material. Also, some case studies and construction regulations of golf course development in the USA will be introduced for a better understanding of this study.

• Resources Recycling
• /
• v.24 no.4
• /
• pp.32-37
• /
• 2015

Cobalt is abundant only in some countries including Democratic Republic of the Congo. It would be necessary to secure overseas Co ores and Co extraction technology. Two kinds of matte varying the sulfur content were manufactured by smelting reduction of Co concentrate containing ~8 wt% Co, ~19 wt% Cu, and ~3 wt% Fe. The amount of Co, Cu and Fe was concentrated to 19~21 wt%, 39~41 wt%, and 7~9 wt% respectively in the resulting matte. High-pressure leaching of matte was performed in an autoclave with considering the effect of oxidizing agent, $H_2SO_4$ concentration as a lixiviant, and the amount of sulfur added to the matte. An oxidizing agent (oxygen) is necessary to improve Co leaching efficiency enabling usage of a dilute $H_2SO_4$ leaching agent. An increase in $H_2SO_4$ concentration prevents selective leaching of Co, and the sulfur content in matte has a minor influence on the Co leaching efficiency.