• Proceedings of KHEA Conference
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• 2005.04a
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• pp.92-92
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• 2005

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 1999.10c
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• pp.739-741
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• 1999

공동작업을 위한 어플리케이션 공유는 여러 시스템에 분산되어 있는 개발도구와 어플리케이션을 공유하여 다수의 참여자가 공간적으로 제약받지 않고 공동 개발할 수 있도록 한다. 그러나 가상공간에 개념을 둔 CSCW에 기존의 어플리케이션 공유 방식을 적용하기에는 3차원이라는 공간적인 요소를 고려하지 않은 문제점을 가지게 된다. 또한 기존의 CSCW에 비해서 가상공간에 기반을 둔 CSCW 어플리케이션 개발은 가상 공간과 다중 참여자를 고려해서 개발하여야 하기 때문에 개발자에게 매우 어려운 작업이다. 따라서, 이 논문에서는 다중 참여자를 지원하는 VRML 기반 어플리케이션 공유 엔진을 설계하였다. 설계된 VRML 기반 어플리케이션 공유 엔진은 참여자 사이트로 에이전트를 이동시켜 웹 브라우져 내의 VRML 가상 공간에서 참여자의 어플리케이션 대한 3차원상의 이벤트를 2차원적인 상대값으로 바꾸고 실제 어플리케이션상의 이벤트로 변환하는 메커니즘을 도입하여 VRML 가상공간에서 어플리케이션을 공유를 가능하게 하였다. 또한 참여자 이벤트를 처리하는 스케줄러를 도입하여 참여자의 이벤트를 순서적이고 참여자 간의 충돌을 해결할 수 있었으며 가상환경이 VRML로 구성되기 때문에 운영체제에 독립적이고 웹상에서 어플리케이션 공유가 가능하였다. 그리고 가상환경을 위한 CSCW 응용 개발에 대한 오버헤드를 줄이고 기존 윈도우 어플리케이션을 가상공간에 사용함으로서 기존 어플리케이션의 재사용성을 높일 수 있었다.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.195-205
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• 2002

Most tunnel damage such as cracks or leakage which exist in tunnel liner commonly, is caused by the cavities that exist behind the tunnel liner, through the tunnel safety inspections. These cavities were analysed to check if they affect the stability of tunnels. This study is on the development of the controlled low-strength and flowable filling material which an be applied to the cavity behind the tunnel lining. The backfilling material studied here is crushed sand and stone-dust which is in cake-state and is a by-product obtained in the producing process of aggregate. Varying the compound mixing ratio, laboratory tests of compression test and chemical analyses were carried out. In addition, the material was applied to an old tunnel for the performance assessment.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.23-30
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• 2021

In this paper, we propose an extended reality-based simultaneous multi presence system in a process of remote cooperative work. The proposed system generates a ring-shaped invisible screen which surrounds a user, and it provides position and manipulation of remote workspace and personal workspace. With the proposed system, the user easily navigates the several workspace for the remote collaboration or he/she selects a specific space for immersion. The proposed system also provides manipulation of personal workspace for the user during the remote cooperative work. We conducted a user study to prove effectiveness of the proposed system. According to the results, the proposed system increased understanding spatial information and usage of time during the remote cooperative work.

• Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.23-33
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• 2017

Due to the rapid development of cities, densities and heights of urban structures are increased, and much larger and more underground spaces are being developed accordingly. Increasing development of underground spaces has induced more ground sinks and underground cavities. Therefore, safety of people is threatened by potential ground collapses and possible accidents, which may result from underground cavity. To actively respond against potential danger of ground sink, evaluation of existing cavity grade and development of recovery procedure are important. There exists the ground sinking management grade system of expressway developed as local standards in Japan. Recently, ground sinking management grade system of Seoul was developed with consideration of road and asphalt conditions. In this study, 209 underground cavities of ${\bigcirc}{\bigcirc}$ area were explored and their cavity shapes and grades were evaluated based on both ground sinking management grade systems of Japan and Seoul. Comparison is made between cavity grades evaluated based on both grading systems from Japan and Seoul. As a result of comparative analysis, the conservatively-estimated cavity grades requiring emergency restoration based on the Japanese management grade system of expressway result from neglection of layer thickness of surface pavement, considering only width and cover depth of a cavity.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.11-27
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• 2017

The road network system of major domestic urban areas such as city of Seoul was rapidly developed and regionally expanded. In addition, many kinds of life-lines such as electrical cables, telephone cables, water&sewerage lines, heat&cold conduits and gas lines were needed in order for urban residents to live comfortably. Therefore, most of the life-lines were individually buried in underground and individually managed. The utility tunnel is defined as the urban planning facilities for commonly installing life-lines in the National Land Planning Act. Expectation effectiveness of urban utility tunnels is reducing repeated excavation of roads, improvement of urban landscape; road pavement durability; driving performance and traffic flow. It can also be expected that ensuring disaster safety for earthquakes and sinkholes, smart-grind and electric vehicle supply, rapid response to changes in future living environment and etc. Therefore, necessity of urban utility tunnels has recently increased. However, all of the constructed utility tunnels are cut-and-cover tunnels domestically, which is included in development of new-town areas. Since urban areas can not accommodate all buried life-lines, it is necessary to study the feasibility assessment system for utility tunnel by urban patterns and capacity optimization for urban utility tunnels. In this study, we break away from the new-town utility tunnels and suggest a quantitative assessment model based on the evaluation index for urban areas. In addition, we also develop a program that can implement a quantitative evaluation system by subdividing the feasibility assessment system of urban patterns. Ultimately, this study can contribute to be activated the urban utility tunnel.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.36-45
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• 2018

Cemeteries in the United States are frequently observed near residential areas in cities even though they are spaces for the dead. However, it has not been fully studied when and how cemeteries were formed in the process of urbanization. Thus, this research aimed to investigate the spatial structure and historical change of cemeteries in Seattle due to urbanization, focusing on the contextual relationship between cemeteries and the surroundings according to two time periods: the early formation period of cemeteries in Seattle and the current period. For this, a mixed method was taken in this paper that combined historical analysis based on old references and historic maps with cluster analysis using GIS. In conclusion, the research found that early cemeteries of Seattle in downtown areas were introduced as by-products of urban formation, but the cemeteries in the suburbs were established ahead of urban growth and neighborhood development. In addition, Seattle's cemeteries not only showed a similar locational pattern to Seattle's shopping centers, but also were positively associated with population distribution given the Hot Spot Analysis. In other words, Seattle's cemeteries were originally located in rural areas, but later came to be located in urban areas, sustaining the landscape of American rural cemeteries.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.130-140
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• 2013

As the modern-day Apartment Complex has varied community facilities such as health care center and self-improvement institutions affecting the residents' quality of life, this paper is for the in-depth understanding on how such Exterior Space vary and development plan should go. To be specific, this paper is to, based upon the theoretical contemplation on the concept and role of the Exterior Space to Apartment Complex, as well as drawing a conclusion on the development plan for subject areas as assessed. Subject areas of this paper are a total of twelve Apartment Complexes built since Year 2005 in nine different regions in Seoul. As such specialties and features as leisure of the senior citizen and female residents, the subject Apartment Complexes have provided opportunities, active and inactive, to the residents for leisure by qualitative improvement of facilities, as well as establishing the discrete brand value for the Exterior Space with featured design and spatial properties. Also notable is the eco-friendliness of the Exterior Space with cutting-edge technology, eventually appreciating the value of Apartment Complex.

• The Magazine of the IEIE
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.32-39
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• 1998

전화나 인터넷과 같은 네트워크 환경이 보편화됨에 따라 사용자는 통신망을 통해서 원거리 사용자와 공동작업(Collaboration)을 할 필요성을 느끼게 되었다. 이러한 사용자들간의 공동작업을 지원하기 위해서는 네트워크상에서 공동작업을 할 수 있는 가상환경을 제공해 주어야 한다. 본 논문에서는 가상공간과 다양한 멀티미디어 회의 서비스를 제공하여 네트워크상에서 사용자들이 쉽게 공동작업을 할 수 있게 해 주는 시스템인 Webber에 대해서 설명한다. Webber는 서버/클라이언트 구조를 기반으로 각각의 클라이언트가 IP 멀티캐스팅을 이용하여 서로 데이터를 주고 받는 복합형(Hybrid)구조의 시스템이다. Webber는 멀티미디어 서비스를 담당하는 Service-PUP과 이를 관리하는 Framework로 구성되어 있으므로 서비스의 추가, 삭제, 유지, 보수가 용이하다.

• Magazine of korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.61-66
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• 2012