• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.351-360
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to predict visual-spatial working memory performance through the characteristics of an electroencephalogram (EEG) in the resting state. The 31 study participants, middle school students with various to academic performance, were underwent visual-spatial working memory test in the Comprehensive Attention Test (CAT) on December in 2014. Each 7 and 6 participants were divided into an Excellent Working Memory (EWM) group and Poor Working Memory (PWM) group depending on the forward/backward working memory scores. The EEG measurements and analysis of the data from a Brain Function Tester were performed by the two groups. A Mann-Whitney Test was used to examine the statistical differences between them. The activation of high beta (${\beta}H$) at the Fp1 and Fp2 sites in the left and right hemisphere, and that of the low beta (${\beta}L$) in the right hemisphere in the EWM group was significantly higher than that in the PWM group. In conclusion, there is a correlation between the visual-spatial working memory performance and the activation of ${\beta}H$ and ${\beta}L$ in the resting state and a close correlation that of ${\beta}L$ in the right hemisphere in terms of mental activity and faculty. Therefore, the visual-spatial working memory performance can be predicted by the activation of ${\beta}H$ and ${\beta}L$ in the resting state. The activation of EEG can be applied as an assessment tool and provide basis data for visual-spatial working memory performance.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.106-119
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• 2012

Roughness of rock joint has generally been characterized based upon geometrical aspects of a two-dimensional surface profile. The appropriate description of joint roughness, however, should consider the features of roughness mobilization at contact areas under normal and shear loads. In this study, direct shear tests were conducted on the replicas of tensile fractured gneiss joints and the influence of the shear direction on the shear behavior and effective roughness was examined. In this procedure, a joint surface was represented as a group of triangular planes, and the steepness of each plane was characterized using the concepts of the active and inactive micro-slope angles. The contact areas at peak strength which were estimated by a numerical method showed that the locations of the contact areas were mainly dependent on the distribution of the micro-slope angle and the shear behavior of joint was dominated by only the fractions with active micro-slope angles. Therefore, a three-dimensional coefficient for the quantification of rock joint roughness is proposed based on the distribution of active micro-slope angle: active roughness coefficient, $C_r$. Comparison of the active roughness coefficient and the peak shear strength obtained from the experiment suggests that the active roughness coefficient is the effective parameter to quantify the surface roughness and estimate the shear behavior of rock joint.

• Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.59-70
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• 2022

Recent studies demonstrate that machine learning has expanded in the field of seismic interpretation. Many convolutional neural networks have been developed for seismic sequence identification, which is important for seismic interpretation. However, expense and time limitations indicate that there is insufficient data available to provide a sufficient dataset to train supervised machine learning programs to identify seismic sequences. In this study, patch division and data augmentation are applied to mitigate this lack of data. Furthermore, to obtain spatial information that could be lost during patch division, an artificial channel is added to the original data to indicate depth. Seismic sequence identification is performed using a U-Net network and the Netherlands F3 block dataset from the dGB Open Seismic Repository, which offers datasets for machine learning, and the predicted results are evaluated. The results show that patch-based U-Net seismic sequence identification is improved by data augmentation and the addition of an artificial channel.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.24 no.9
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• pp.1264-1276
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• 2000

Light-off catalyst has been used for minimization of cold-start emissions. Improved cold-start performance of light-off catalyst needs the optimal design in terms of flow distribution, geometric surface area, precious metal loading, cell density and space velocity. In this study, these influential factors are numerically investigated using integrated numerical technique by considering not only 3-D fluid flow but also heat and mass transfer with chemical reactions. The present results indicate that uneven catalyst loading of depositing high active catalyst at upstream of monolith is beneficial during warm-up period but its effect is severely deteriorated when the space velocity is above 100,000 $hr^{-1}$ To maximize light-off performance, this study suggests that 1) a light-off catalyst be designed double substrate type; 2) the substrate with high GSA and high PM loading at face be placed at the front monolith; and 3) the cell density of the rear monolith be lower to reduce the pressure drop.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.109-114
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• 2013

The biological active points (BAP) are known as low resistance spots or good electro-permeable points. In this paper, a new method for BAP detection using the bio-impedance measurement system based on the adaptive frequency tracking filter (AFTF) and the transition event detector is presented. Also, the microcontroller process continuous time demodulation of the modulated signal by multi frequency components using the AFTF. The transition event detector based on the phase space method is applied about each frequency using the BAP equivalent model which is proposed.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.159-165
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• 1995

Methyl fructoside was continuously produced in suspended bed enzyme reactor using alginate-enclosed microspheres biocatalyst which was developed for enzymatic synthesis of methyl fructoside. And the continuous operating conditions were optimized with reactor simulation in order to demonstrate a feasibility of commercialization of the continuous enzymatic production process development. The yield and productivity of methyl fructoside were as high as 47.1%o and $2g/\ell$-hr, respectively. The optimum operating conditions were pH 4.8, 30%(v/v) of methanol content and $2U/m\ell$ of enzyme activity when the initial concentration of sucrose is $0.291mo1/\ell$ at the reaction temperature of $25^{\circ}C$.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2008.07a
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• pp.1983-1984
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• 2008

뇌 활동의 전기적 신호인 뇌파(EEG)와 외부 자극에 대한 유발 전위(EP)를 측정하여 실시간으로 뇌지형도를 생성하는 real-time brain mapping system을 개발하였다. 측정 전극은 32채널을 사용하였고, EEG를 실시간 및 누적 주파수 분석을 통한 뇌파의 활성도 진단, EP를 측정하여 시각적/청각적 자극에 의한 유발 전위 분석을 할 수 있다. 본 시스템은 측정 대상군의 통계적 분석을 위한 Database를 구축하였고, 신뢰성 높은 뇌파 및 유발 전위 신호를 위하여 실시간 측정과정 및 측정 후 Data 검토과정에서 다양한 Artifact 제거 알고리즘이 도입되었다. 또한, 32 채널 Brain map을 구성하여 뇌파를 공간적으로 분석 가능하며, 시간 및 주파수의 증가에 따라 Brain map을 동영상화하여 시간적/주파수적 변화에 따른 분석이 가능하다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2010.02a
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• pp.46-46
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• 2010

최근 상압 저온 플라즈마에서 발생되는 UV와 화학적 활성종들을 이용한 체내 조직 분해 처리, 피부 및 혈관 표면 처리, 대기 및 액체 정화 처리 등의 생체 의료적 응용이 활발하게 연구되고 있다. 이러한 플라즈마에서는 처리 대상 외의 생체 조직의 손상을 최소화 할 수 있는 기술이 필요하며, 이 조건이 확보된 상태에서 처리 목표 대상에 따른 플라즈마 특성, 즉 선택적 생성종 제어와 플라즈마 온도를 안정적으로 관리할 수 있어야 한다. 인체 내부 조직에 대하여 유효 활성종 등의 직접적인 작용이 필요할 경우 밀리미터 크기 이하의 미세침습성 플라즈마를 활용하게 된다. 이 경우 방전 특성을 간접적으로만 관측 가능하여 주변 조직과 플라즈마 간의 상호 영향 등이 고려되어야 하므로 직접적인 관측이 가능한 인체 외부에서 발생된 플라즈마에 비해서 더욱 정교한 제어가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 미세 침습성 플라즈마의 발생 메커니즘 및 특성 분석을 수행하여 척추 디스크 탈출 치료 시술에 활용하기 위한 연구를 수행하였다. 처리 대상 조직으로의 접근 시 주변 조직의 손상을 막기 위하여 수 밀리미터 이하의 미세한 전극을 이용하였으며 전기 전도성을 띄는 인체 내부에서 절연공간의 확보를 위해 전극 표면에서 기포를 발생시켜 플라즈마 방전이 가능한 조건을 확보하였다. 또한 플라즈마 방전이 중단되거나 혹은 갑작스런 열 플라즈마로의 천이로 인해 생체에 심각한 열 손상을 초래하는 현상을 방지하기 위하여 발생 플라즈마와 주변 디스크간의 상호 영향을 통한 플라즈마의 동적인 특성 변화 및 안정적인 플라즈마 발생을 위한 조건을 도출하였다. 이를 실제 임상 실험에 활용한 결과를 소개하고 아울러 차세대 의료용 플라즈마 발생 장치 개발을 위한 플라즈마 학계의 관심을 이끌어 보고자 한다.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.43-47
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• 2020

A novel series of adamantyl derivatives of N-aryl amides as androgen receptor antagonists were synthesized and their anti-androgenic activities were evaluated. The N-aryl amides containing adamantyl derivatives had more activity than those lacking adamantyl substitutions. The synergistic effect of bulkiness of the adamantyl group and modulation of electron density on the aromatic ring by pendant groups was crucial to the potent antagonism. Molecular modeling studies were performed to elucidate the interactions between ligands and receptors.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.803-810
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• 1998

We have studied the catalytic combustion of soot particulate over perovskite-type oxides prepared by malic acid method. The catalysts were modified to enhance the activity by substitution of metal into A or B site of perovskite oxide. In addition, the reaction conditions, such as temperature, $O_2$ concentration, space velocity have been studied. The effect of $SO_2$ pretreatment and water introduced into reactants were also examined. In the $LaCoO_3$ catalyst, the partial substitution of alkali metals into A site enhanced the catalytic activity in the combustion of soot particulate and the activity was shown in the order : Cs>K>Na; In the $La_{0.6}Cs_{0.4}CoO_3 $; catalyst, the substitution of Fe or Mn showed no effect on the ignition temperature. The ignition temperature decreased with increasing $O_2$ concentration and contact time. The introduction of water into reactants feed decreased the ignition temperature and the pretreatment of $SO_2$ showed no effect on the catalytic activity.