• Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association
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• v.56 no.2
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• pp.150-156
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• 2021

Purpose: To determine how the location, displacement, intra-articular involvement, comminution of a 5th metatarsal base fracture affect results of early weight-bearing treatment. Materials and Methods: From January 2013 to July 2017, 34 cases of 34 patients diagnosed with a fracture of the zone I and II 5th metatarsal base were enrolled. The mean follow-up period was 13 months (6-15 months). One patient was excluded as a refracture during the follow-up period, and 33 patients underwent conservative treatment. Anteroposterior, lateral, and simple oblique radiography and computed tomography of the foot were performed to evaluate the location and displacement of the fracture, the degree of joint involvement, and comminution. In all 33 patients, a short leg cast or boot brace was selected immediately after the injury, tolerable weight bearing was allowed. If the pain disappeared, full weight bearing was performed after wearing a plain shoe or postoperative shoe. As a clinical result, the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score was evaluated at the final follow-up. During outpatient follow-up, a simple radiograph of the foot was taken to confirm the time of radiological bone union and return to work. Results: Nine males and 24 females, with an average age of 48.7 years, were enrolled in the study. Twenty-four patients had zone I fractures, and nine patients had zone II fractures. Twenty-two out of 33 patients had a fracture displacement of 2 mm or more. Nine and five patients had joint involvement and comminution, respectively. There was a statistically significant return to work from zone I to zone II. The AOFAS score was excellent at the final follow-up and there was no significant difference. When classifying and comparing the degree of fracture displacement, joint involvement, and comminution, there were no significant differences in the radiological union time and return to work. In all cases, satisfactory results were obtained at the final follow-up. Conclusion: Satisfactory clinical results can be obtained by allowing early weight-bearing regardless of the fracture location, displacement, joint involvement, or comminution in zone I and II 5th metatarsal base fractures.

• Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Sports Medicine
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.58-62
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• 2006

Purpose: To evaluate the result of operative treatment with plate and wire fixation for fractures of the distal clavicle. Materials and Methods: We assessed 9 cases of fractures of the distal clavicle that were treated by plate and wire fixation from March 2001 to July 2003 and followed up over 1year. We used the reconstruction plate as a buttress and performed cerclage wiring to fix comminuted fracture site. The functional result of shoulder was evaluated by the scoring system of Rowe. Results: The average periods of bony union was 9 weeks in all cases. According to Rowe scoring system, the functional result was exellent in 7 cases and good in 2 cases. There was no LOM of shoulder and traumatic arthritis in AC joint. But there was skin irritation in 1 case. Conclusion : The operative method by reconstruction plate and wire fixation for distal clavicular fracture was useful when there were comminuted fracture. This method seems to be simple and satisfactory in terms of improvement of range of motion of shoulder, restoration of function and rare complication.

• Proceedings of The Korean Cleft Lip And Palate Association
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• 1997.06a
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• pp.31-31
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• 1997

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.103-109
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• 1991

한국 특산종 Cobitis longicorpus (왕종개)의 주요 분류형질인 골절반의 지리적 변이를 조사하기 위하여 남한의 12개집단 205개체를 이용, 골질반의 type분석과 계수학분석을 실시하였다. Type분석 결과, 동해유입하천집단(영덕의 송천, 축산천, 경주 형산강, 울주 회야강)의 골질반은 등근 삼각형, 삼각형, 인각형으로 남해 유입하천 및 도서집단의 타원형, 반타원형, 부채꼴과 구별되었다. 골질반의 계수화분석 결과에서도 동해유입하천의 골질반 폭은 비교적 좁아 남해유입하천 및 도서지방과의 평균 CD값이 1.64로 새종 수준 이상의 차이를 보였다. 아울러 조사, 비교된 제 1 체측반문도 동해유입하천에서는 C. longicorpus의 특징이 전혀 나타나지 않아, 원기재질단인 섬진강집단을 포함한 남해유입하천 및 도서집단과 구별된 새종수준의 종분화가 이루어진 것으로 사료되었다.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.271-279
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• 1985

The authors treated a case of bimaxillary dentoalveolar protrusion corrected by anterior segmental osteotomies: As presurgical treatment & process, closing of the upper anterior spacing with fixed appliances was worked out, cephalometric predicition & model surgery was done, and fabrication of intra-arch acrylic resin splints were made. It was not necessary to make an intermaxillary fixation with wire after surgery. Only intramaxillary fixation of anterior retracted mobile segment with resin plate was required for 8 weeks. After surgical treatment, leveling of the upper and lower arch with rectangular arch wire were accomplished as the Intrusion of anterior teeth proceeded. We will continue to improve the class II molar relationship by using class II elastics and have a good occlusiion through the orthodontic treatment.

• Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association
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• v.54 no.6
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• pp.574-578
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• 2019

For the treatment of a bony Bankart lesion accompanied by an acute traumatic shoulder dislocation, anatomical reduction and stable fixation of the bone fragment and glenohumeral ligament are essential to avoid chronic instability or degenerative changes. If the Bankart lesion has large bony pieces or comminuted fragments, it can be difficult to perform precise and secure fixation of the big intraarticular fragment to the fracture site because of the limited visualization of the arthroscopic procedure. In addition, in the case of the open procedure, it requires an extensive surgical dissection to access the fractured fragment, which may cause surgical approach-related morbidity, such as neurovascular complications, delayed subscapularis healing, and increased risk of stiffness. This paper describes an alternative open suture anchor technique for a large bony Bankart lesion, which was secured anatomically with squared knots after a shuttle relay through bony tunnels and adjacent soft tissue and labrum. This technique can achieve anatomical and firm fixation under direct vision, and reduce the number of surgery related morbidities.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.17-26
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• 2013

Purpose: A comparison of the radiographic and the clinical outcomes between two different surgical approaches-Deltoid splitting and Delto-pectoral interval-on the proximal humerus fractures treated by locking compressive plate (LCP), is done. Materials and Methods: Medical records and pre- and postoperative radiographs were reviewed retrospectively for 75 adult patients who underwent surgical fixations with locking compressive plates from May 2005 to December 2011. Patients were divided into two groups according to the surgical methods. Differences in the neck-shaft angle between immediate postoperative period and final follow-up were compared between the two groups. Differences in constant score and Korean shoulder score (KSS) between affected arms and contralateral arms at final follow-up were also compared. Results: The differences in the neck-shaft angle between immediate postoperative period and at final follow-up was 12.04 degrees on average in Deltoid splitting approach and 10.20 degrees in Delto-pectoral interval approach, which was not statistically significant. Differences in constant score/KSS between the affected arm and the contralateral arm were 13.78/22.74 points in deltoid-splitting approach on average and 19.41/31.13 points in Delto-pectoral interval approach, showing that deltoid-splitting approach is significantly superior. Conclusion: Deltoid-splitting approach showed better functional outcomes in the fracture reduction and internal fixation using LCP for the treatment of unstable proximal humerus fractures.

• Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.336-342
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• 2019

Purpose: To examine the relationship between the progression of a kyphotic deformity and the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in conservatively treated osteoporotic thoracolumbar compression fracture patients. Materials and Methods: This study categorized the patients who underwent conservative treatment among those patients who underwent treatment under the suspicion of a thoracolumbar compression fracture from January 2007 to March 2016. Among them, this retrospective study included eighty-nine patients with osteoporosis and osteopenia with a bone density of less than -2.0 and single vertebral body fracture. This study examined the MRI of anterior longitudinal ligament or posterior longitudinal ligament injury, superior or inferior endplate disruption, superior of inferior intravertebral disc injury, the presence of low signal intensity on T2-weighted images, and bone edema of intravertebral bodies in fractured intravertebral bodies. Results: In cases where the superior endplate was disrupted or the level of bone edema of the intravertebral bodies was high, the kyphotic angle, wedge angle, and anterior vertebral compression showed remarkably progression. In the case of damage to the anterior longitudinal ligament or the superior disc, only the kyphotic angle was markedly prominent. On the T2-weighted images, low signal intensity lesions showed a high wedge angle and high anterior vertebral compression. On the other hand, there were no significant correlations among the posterior longitudinal ligament injury, inferior endplate disruption, inferior disc injury, and the progression of kyphotic deformity and vertebral compression. The risk factors that increase the kyphotic angle by more than 5° include the presence of injuries to the anterior longitudinal ligament, superior endplate disruption, and superior disc injury, and the risk factors were 21.3, 5.1, and 8.5 times higher than those of the uninjured case, and the risk differed according to the level of bone edema. Conclusion: An osteoporotic thoracolumbar compression fracture in osteoporotic or osteopenic patients, anterior longitudinal ligament injury, superior endplate and intravertebral disc injury, and high level of edema in the MRI were critical factors that increases the risk of kyphotic deformity.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.250-259
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the interrelationship of the soft and hard tissue changes after both maxillary and mandibular anterior segmental surgery in bimaxillary protrusion patients. 11 patients had received both maxillary and mandibular anterior segmental surgery and were investigated radiologically with lateral cephalogram. The results were as follows : 1. The correlation of maxillary hard and soft tissue horizontal changes were relative high. : Coefficient between UIE and Stms was 0.89 (p<0.001). 2. The correlation of mandibular hard and soft tissue horizontal changes were very high, especially at the chin. : Coefficients were over 0.90 (p<0.001) 3. All points were moved superiorly except SLS, LS, Stms. 4. Upper and lower lip convexity to the E-Line were decreased (p<0.001) and postsurgical facial profiles were changed very esthetically.

• Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.208-214
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• 2021

Purpose: Verifying a reliable predictor of the progression of vertebral deformity in patients with acute osteoporotic fractures of the lumbar spine may be useful. A qualitative analysis of the muscle near the spine was performed using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and its correlation with a spinal deformity was determined under the hypothesis that the causes of the kyphotic deformity are associated with muscle reduction in the multifidus and erector spinae. Materials and Methods: The study was performed in a retrospective manner using the electronic medical records of patients who presented to the author's institution between January 2007 and March 2018, and were diagnosed with an acute lumbar fracture. The fat infiltration rates of the multifidus and erector spinae were measured using MRI taken at the time of injury, and the mean value was defined as the total fat infiltration rate (TFI). Based on lateral radiographs of the lumbar spine at the one-year follow-up, the loss of height of the vertebral body, the kyphotic angle and the wedge angle were measured. The statistical significance was confirmed by calculating the Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: One hundred twenty-nine patients, of which 30 were male and 99 were female, were examined. The mean age was 71.28 years. The mean T-score was -3.53±0.79 g/cm², and the mean fat infiltration was 15.20%±11.99%. TFI was positively correlated with age (R=0.373, p<0.001), compression rate (R=0.369, p<0.001), and Cobb's angle (R=0.386, p<0.001) after a one year follow-up, but negatively correlated with the BMD score (R=-0.252, p=0.004). As the fracture progressed to the lower lumbar level, the compression rate (R=-0191, p=0.030) and wedge angle (R=-0.428, p<0.001) at the time of injury tended to decrease. Conclusion: In patients with osteoporotic vertebral fractures, the fat infiltration rate may be an important predictor of conservative treatment. The prognosis of patients with a high-fat infiltration rate should be explained during patient education, and the patients must be monitored closely through short-term outpatient follow-up.