• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.7-16
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• 1971

This paper deals with the numbers of vertebrae, gill rakers and relative growth of the Pacific saury, Cololabis saira along the eastern coast of Korea in May, July and December 1970. About 90 percent of the total fish population possessed 64-66 vertebrae with the mean of 64.80 and the mode of 65. The number of gill rakers varied from 33 to 44 in December with the mean of 37.08. With regard to the number of vertebrae and gill rakers of the medium (26.0-28.0 cm in fork length) and large (30.0-31.0 cm in fork length) sized groups, there are similarities between the northbound modium sized group and the southbound large sized one, and also between the southbound medium and southbound large sized groups. Although no correlation was found between the numbers of vertebrae and gill rakers, in December the number of vertebrae of the large sized group exceeded that of the medium sized group, and on the other hand the number of gill rakers of the large sized group was fewer than that of the meduim sized one. There was a tendency of decreasing in ratio of the head length to the fork length as the latter increased, The relationships between the fork length and the head length varied depending on the northbound and southbound migration of the fish. The same tendency was also seen in the relationship between the fork length and the body weight. The body weight increased from July to December (from medium to largo sized group) showed more than twice than that from December to the following July (from medium to large sized group). The coefficient of fatness remained constant in December, but a distinct variation was found between the medium and large sized groups in July, corresponding to the spawning sea-son of the fish. Relatively higher coefficient was found in December as compared to that found in July.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.304-320
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• 2007

Objective : To evaluate the effect of Astragalus Membranaceus Extrac (AME) on myelosuppression, activity and immune modulation in 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) treated mice. Method : We carried out complete blood count, histological analysis of bone marrow, and cell colony forming assay for hematopoietic progenitor to evaluate the effect of AME on myelosuppression and conducted swimming test, survival rate, nitric oxide (NO) assay, 51Cr release assay in natural killer cell, mRNA expression of $IL-1{\beta}$, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, $TNF-{\alpht}$, $IFN-{\gamma}$, $TGF-{\beta}$ and GM-CSF in spleen cells to evaluate the effect of AME on quality of life (QOL). Results : AME improved 5-FU induced myelosuppression and peripheral blood count was recovered effectively, had significant efficacy to protect against chemotherapy induced marrow-destruction and on hematopoiesis compared with the control group, improved increase survival rate and the swimming time, had a stimulatory effect on macrophage activation and NK cell activity, and up-regulated cytokine gene transcription (IL-2, IL-6, $IFN-{\gamma}$) in murine immunologic system. Conclusion : We can conclude that AM is an effective herbal agent for improvement of myelosuppression and QOL in 5-FU treated mice.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.33-36
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• 1973

As a part of efforts to elucidate the influence of Panax Ginseng upon nucleic acid content of various tissues, a study was carried out which measured RNA and DNA contents of bone marrow following administration of ginseng. Thirty male rats $(body\;weight:\;180{\sim}230\;gm)$ were equally divided into a ginseng and a saline group. Once a day for 5 days they received subcutaneously 0.5 m1/100 gm body weight ginseng extract solution (4 mg of ginseng alcohol extract in 1 ml of saline), and the same amount of saline, respectively. On the 5th experimental day, all animals were sacrificed 2 hours after the last medication and the bone marrow of one femur was removed. RNA and DNA contents of the bone marrow were measured using the chemical method of Schmidt Thannhauser-Schneider. Results obtained were as follows 1. RNA and DNA contents of the bone r arrow were significantly higher in the ginseng group than in the saline group. 2. RNA/DNA ratio of the bone marrow was also much higher in the ginseng group than in the saline group. The ginseng is inferred to augment RNA and DA contents, and also raise RNA/DNA ratio of the bone marrow in rats.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.654-659
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• 1995

Background: Tuberculosis has commonly been associated with various hematologic changes. A difference between the changes found in pulmonary tuberculosis and those found in miliary tuberculosis has been discussed. Up to now some worker were investigated hematological changes associated with pulmonary tuberculosis but was not investigated those associated with miliary tuberculosis in korea. Therefore we examimed the peripheral blood and bone marrow findings in miliary tuberculosis patients to determine hematologic changes. Methods: We performed blood sample at admission and bone marrow biopsy within 7days after admission. For evaluation of the hematologic findings, full blood counts and marrow differential counts were defined by the criteria outlined by Dacie and Lewis. Results: 1) Peripheral blood findings: Pancytopenia in 10% of patients, anemia in all patients, leukocytosis in 10% of patients, leukopenia in 20% of patients, thrombocytopenia in 30% of patients, lymphocytopenia in 90% of patients, monocytosis in 40% of patients and neutrophilia in 10% of patients were found at peripheral blood. 2) Bone marrow findings: Lymphocytopenia in 30% of patients, lymphocytosis in 20% of patients, plasmacytosis in 40% of patients, monocytosis in 100% of patients, and hypocellularity in 30% of patients were found at bone marrow. Erythropoiesis was decreased in 30% of patients. Granulopoiesis was decreased in 20% of patients and increased in 20% of patients. Bone morrow granuloma occured in 25% of patients. Conclusion: Hematologic changes of miliary tuberculosis were seen tendency of cytopenic pattern but monocyte was increased at peripheral blood and bone morrow. This findings would provide additional information for the differential diagnosis of miliary tuberculosis.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.221-226
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• 2006

Purpose: Controversy still exists over in the prognostic significance of microscopic tumor cell dissemination in patients with cancer. This study evaluated the prognostic implication of isolated tumor cells in the bone marrow of patients with gastric cancer. Materials and Methods: Four hundred nineteen (419) patients who underwent surgery for gastric cancer between June 1998 and July 2000 were enrolled in the study. Bone marrow aspirate was obtained from the iliac crest before removal of the primary tumor. Mononuclear cells were isolated and stained with AE-1/AE-3 PAN-CYTOKERATIN. Results: Cytokeratin-positive cells were found in the bone marrow of 219 patients (52.3%). The incidence varied significantly with the depth of invasion (P=0.021) and the stage (P=0.026). The five-year survival rate of patients with cytokeratin-positive cells was 74.1% and that of patients without cytokeratin-positive cells was 81.1%(P=0.2481). There were no significant differences in the recurrence rate and the site of recurrence according to whether or not cytokeratin-positive cells were present in the bone marrow. Conclusion: The presence of cytokeratin-positive cells in the bone marrow of patients with gastric cancer did not predict outcome and recurrence. Therefore, it cannot be used as a prognostic factor.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.468-475
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• 2022

The functional distinction between stem and progenitor cells is well established in several tissues, particularly in the blood. There, hematopoietic stem cells preserve their self-renewal potential and reconstitution ability in the bone marrow niche. Bone marrow represents a unique setting in which to examine how stroma influences tissue function. It was the setting in which the experimental definition of a niche was first provided in mammalian stem cell biology and where clear evidence for non-cell-autonomous oncogenesis was first defined. The relationship between bone and blood is ancient as all animals since the divergence of fish that have bones and blood, make blood in their bones. This long coevolution engendered complex interrelationships, including the first proposed and first experimentally defined niche for stem cells in mammals. Multiple bone marrow stromal cell types serve as regulators of hematopoiesis, and the dysfunction of some causes myelodysplasia and leukemia. However, no comprehensive atlas of stromal subpopulations exists. Therefore, we think these data point to something of importance, such as how the needs and challenges of the organism become translated down to distinct cell types that critically govern specific functions within tissues and do so at the level of a single molecule. We think this will be of broad interest to those focusing on systems biology and the physiology of organisms, particularly those seeking a molecular basis for understanding cell and tissue behavior. We summarized the current and emerging concepts of hematopoietic stem cells and bone marrow niche.

• Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.72-77
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• 2019

Candida vertebral osteomyelitis (CVO) is a rare disease that is a complication of intravenous drug use, but recently it has been recognized as mostly an opportunistic infection. Because CVO appears to mimic pyogenic spondylodiscitis in terms of the clinical and radiologic presentations, it is often neglected in a usual clinical setting. The clinical, radiological, and biological characteristics of CVO are often used to make a differential diagnosis with vertebral osteomyelitis from other etiologies. Once an initial proper diagnosis was performed, the treatment relies on the prompt initiation of appropriate pharmacotherapy and serial monitoring of the clinical progress. This paper report late-onset CVO in two young patients who underwent a heart transplant surgery and had postoperative systemic candidiasis. These two cases are a good reminder of the potential of CVO in immunosuppressive patients treated with anti-fungal agents. This paper presents these two cases with a review of the relevant literature.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.84 no.1
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• pp.150-169
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• 2023

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant hematologic disease caused by the proliferation of clonal plasma cells in the bone marrow, and its incidence is increasing in Korea. With the development of treatments for MM, the need for early diagnosis and treatment has emerged. In recent years, the International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) has been constantly revising the laboratory and radiological diagnostic criteria for MM. In addition, as whole-body MRI (WBMR) has been increasing used in the diagnosis and treatment response evaluation of patients with MM, the Myeloma Response Assessment and Diagnosis System (MY-RADS) was created to standardize WBMR image acquisition techniques, image interpretation, and response evaluation methods. Radiologists need to have a detailed knowledge of the features of MM for accurate diagnosis. Thus, in this review article, we describe the imaging method for MM according to the latest IMWG guidelines as well as the image acquisition and response evaluation technique for WBMR according to MY-RADS.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.215-218
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• 2003

A 65-year-old male was admitted to our hospital complaining of painful swelling of right sternocostoclavicular area. In the past history, he had no specific disease including trauma. After admission, chest CT and neck CT showed right empyema and right cervical abscess. Empyemectomy was performed through open thoracotomy and fistulous tract was detected on right parietal pleura and right sternocostoclavicular area. Osto-myelitis was also detected on right sternocostoclavicular area and removal of right cervical abscess, partial resection of proximal clavicle, resection of chondral portion of 1st rib, and partial resection of manubrium were performed. Empyema that extends from sternocostoclavicular osteomyelits, as in this case, is rare. Herein we report a case of loculated empyema with sternocostoclavicular osteomyelitis and neck abscess.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.99-103
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• 2012

Little literature exists about the risk of atypical femoral fracture in patients received zoledronic acid for prevention of skeletal metastasis. We report an atypical subtrochanteric femoral fracture in a patient with multiple myeloma received zoledronic acid. The patient was treated by closed reduction and internal fixation with cephalomedullary nailing.