• Journal of radiological science and technology
• /
• v.36 no.4
• /
• pp.299-304
• /
• 2013

Whole body bone scan has been used to confirm bone metastasis and follow-up study with radio isotope. However, if the factors related to $^{99m}Tc$ uptake and waiting time for study are inappropriate, it would be image of low quality. The purpose of present study was to investigate correlation between the evaluation index of renal function and uptake of radiopharmaceuticals. The population for this retrospective study consisted of 387 patients who underwent whole body bone scan between June 2012 and December 2012. As a result of quantitative and qualitative analysis, we were able to confirm that GFR of less than normal range and creatinine levels in blood of more than average are more likely to be under the mean uptake rate. As a result of analysis on the indicator affecting soft-tissue and bone uptake, the correlation of all elements was somewhat low. Also there are no statistically significances due to the other parameters we did not deal with. Therefore, further research on additional factors is needed for exact study and improvement of the image quality.

• THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN ORIENTAL ONCOLOGY
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.29-48
• /
• 1997

Astragalus membranaceus Bunge (黃?), Atractylodes macrocephala Loidz (白朮), Angelica sinensis(Oliv) Kiels (當歸), Lycium chinense Mill (枸杞子), Ligustrum lucidum Ail (女貞子) are Herbs that are frequently used in a lot of prescriptions to reduce the side effects of anti-cancer therapies, especially like chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The radioprotective and hemopoietic effects of these Herbs on BALB/c splenocytes and bone marrow cells are measured. In order to evaluate the Hemopoietic effects, Thymidine uptakes and secretion of colony stimulating factors(CSFs) of splenocytes and myelocytes treated with herbs were measured. Radioprotective effects were accessed by the method of immunocompetence of murine lymphocytes cultured with herbs before irradiation and with LPS, ConA after irradiation. The results are as follows. 1. The orders of Proliferative effects of herbs on splenocytes were Atractylodes macrocephala Loidz (白朮), the higest of all, Astragalus membranaceus Bunge (黃?), Angelica sinensis(Oliv) Kiels (當歸). Lycium chinense Mill (枸杞子) and Ligustrum lucidum Ait (女貞子), the lowest of all. At Optimal concentration, the proliferation ratios of herb-treated splenocytes compared to non-treated ones were like these. Atractylodes macrocephala Loidz (白朮) 44.3, Astragalus membranaceus Bunge (黃?) 17.7, Angelica sinensis(Oliv) Kiels (當歸) 10, Lycium chinense Mill (枸杞子) 6.4, Ligustrum lucidum Ait (女貞子) 2.0.(p<0.05) 2. When splenocytes were cultured during different periods, Atractylodes. macrocephala Loidz (白朮) and Astragalus membranaceus Bunge (黃?) showed the higest proliferation on 3th day, Angelica sinensis(Oliv) Kiels (當歸), Lycium chinense Mill (枸杞子) on 4th day,(p<0.05) and Ligustrum lucidum Ait (女貞子) until 5th day but with no significant increase. 3. The orders of Proliferative effects of herbs on Bone Marrow(BM) cells were Atractylodes macrocephala Loidz (白朮), the higest of all, Astragalus memhranaceus Bunge (黃?), Angelica sinensis(Oliv) Kiels (當歸), Lycium chinense Mill (枸杞子) and Ligustrum lucidum Ait (女貞子), the lowest of all too. At Optimal concentration, the proliferation ratios of herb-treated BM cells compared to non-treated ones were like these. Atractylodes macrocephala Loidz (白朮) 21.7, Astragalus membranaceus Bunge (黃?) 9.9, Angelica sinensis(Oliv) Kiels (當歸) 4.9, Lycium chinense Mill (枸杞子) 2.3, Ligustrum lucidum Ait (女貞子) 1.4(p<0.05). 4. The secretion ratio of colony stimulating factors(CSFs) of each herb-treated group, compared to control, was Atractylodes macrocephala Loidz (白朮) 9.4, Astragalus membranaceus Bunge (黃?) 9.0, Angelica sinensis(Oliv) Kiels (當歸) 4.4, Lycium chinense Mill (枸杞子) 3.8 (p<0.05) but no significant increase in Ligustrum lucidum Ait (女貞子). 5. The mitogen(ConA, LPS) stimulated-lymphocytes cultured with each herb before irradiation of 1-3 Gy showed more enhanced proliferation than control(p<0.05). When compared to each non-irradiated group of all groups, the orders of percentage increase of irradiated group were Atractylodes macrocephala Loidz (白朮), the higest of all, Astragalus membranaceus Bunge (黃?), Angelica sinensis(Oliv) Kiels (當歸), Ligustrum lucidum Ait (女貞子), Lycium chinense Mill (枸杞子). Each percentage showed significant enhancement compared to control group(p<0.05). According to the results, Atractylcdes macrocephala Loidz (白朮), Astragalus membranaceus Bunge (黃?) are suggested to be the most effective hemopoietic and radioprotective herbs, and Angelica sinensis(Oliv) Kiels (當歸), Lycium chinense Mill (枸杞子) the next, but Ligustrum lucidum Ait (女貞子) showed lower effects than expected.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.16 no.5
• /
• pp.759-766
• /
• 2006

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a myeloid leukemia caused by over-expression of fusion protein, PML/RAR$({\alpha})$, which was the result of chromosomal translocation and induces the blockage of differentiation of affected promyelocytes. Pharmacological dose of retinoic acid induces the activation of and subsequent degradation of PML/RAR$({\alpha})$ fusion protein, and then APL cells undergo through the normal differentiation pathway. Arsenic trioxide has proved effective in causing remission of acute promyelocytic leukemia by inducing apoptosis of this tumor cells, whereas the heterogeneity of cellular susceptibility to this cytotoxic agent limited its usage on more types of tumors in clinic. This work showed that arsenic trioxide could induce apoptosis of a panel of acute promyelocytic leukemic cell lines, all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) sensitive NB4 cells and ATRA resistant UF-1 cell. They were investigated with regard to the correlation between the inherent or intrinsic cellular level of GSH and the apoptotic susceptibility of the cells to arsenic trioxide. We manifested, in two cell types, the inherently existed difference in intracellular GSH level reactive to the arsenic trioxide, and a positive correlation between the GSH level and their apoptotic sensitivity to arsenic trioxide. And it showed that arsenic trioxide could differentiate promyelocytic cancer cells to the cells possessed of dendritic cell surface markers. Unravelling the cause of the different susceptibility between leukemic cells and proving that promyelocyte could be differentiated to dendritic cells by arsenic trioxide will help not only to understand the mechanism underlying the complete remission of acute promyelocytic leukemia induced by arsenic trioxide, but also to expand its clinical usage.

• Herbal Formula Science
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.169-178
• /
• 1997

To investigate effect of water extract of Asparagi Tuber(天門冬) on human cancer cell-lines and immunocytes, this research estimated proliferation of A431 cell line, KHOS-NP cell line, mouse thymocytes and mouse splenocytes, Nitric Oxide(NO) from macrophage, apoptosis and subpopulation of the mouse thymocytes. The result were obtained as follows ; 1. Asparagi Tuber inhibited the proliferation of A431 cell line. 2. Asparagi Tuber inhibited the proliferation of KHOS-NP cell line. 3. Asparagi Tuber accelerated the proliferation of mouse thymocytes. 4. Asparagi Tuber inhibited the proliferation of mouse splenocytes. 5. Asparagi Tuber $100{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ inhibited the production of NO from macrophages in vitro, being compared NPS+IFN treated group. 6. Asparagi Tuber inhibited the production of NO from macrophages in vivo, being compared LPS+IFN treated group. 7. Asparagi Tuber accelerated the induction of apoptosis of the mouse thymocytes. 8. In subpopulation Asparagi Tuber increased $T_H$ of the mouse thymocytes, but decreased $T_C/T_S$ of the mouse thymocytes.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
• /
• v.34 no.3
• /
• pp.295-301
• /
• 2009

Recently, bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jaw(BONJ) is added to the list of diseases of the oromaxillofacial region. BONJ is defined as exposed bone in the jaw that does not heal within 8 weeks after identification, in a patient who has been received to bisphosphonates and has not taken radiation therapy to the craniofacial region. Bisphosphonates binded to bone mineral are concentrated in highly active remodeling site, reside in the skeleton for a long time, and do a role as powerful inhibitors of bone resorption. As the patients receiving bisphosphonates therapy grow in number, the patients of BONJ would go on increasing in Korea. We would like to present two patients who were suspected to BONJ, describe the outline of BONJ, and mention importance of our understanding about BONJ. BONJ is rare disease, but once it develops, its prognosis is very poor. Our adequate understanding of BONJ is necessary to prevent it and cope with it properly.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• v.55 no.3
• /
• pp.280-286
• /
• 2003

Background : $^{99m}Technetium$ methylene diphosphonates($^{99m}Tc$ MDP) bone scintigraphy is current method of choice for the detection of bone metastases, but whole body $^{18}F$-fluoro-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography($^{18}FDG$ PET) offers superior spatial resolution and improved sensitivity. So we compared whole body $^{18}FDG$ PET with $^{99m}Tc$ MDP bone scintigraphy in patients with skeletal metastases from lung cancer. Patients and Methods : Ninety-two patients with lung cancer taken $^{18}FDG$ PET together with a $^{99m}Tc$ MDP bone scintigraphy within 1 month between March 2000 and March 2003 were investigated retrospectively. Results : The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the $^{99m}Tc$ MDP bone scintigraphy versus $^{18}FDG$ PET for the detection of bone metastases in lung cancers were 59% vs 82%, 71% vs 94%, and 68% vs 91%, respectively. In the diagnosis of bone metastases from lung cancer, $^{18}FDG$ PET was statistically superior to $^{99m}Tc$ MDP bone scintigraphy in its specificity and accuracy(p<0.0001). Conclusions : Whole body $^{18}FDG$ PET may be useful in detecting bone metastases among patients with lung cancer.

• The Korean Journal of Blood Transfusion
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.173-179
• /
• 2012

We report on two cases of anti-$Jk^a$, whose reactivity disappeared on an antibody identification test using enzyme-treated red cells. One of two patients was a 72-year-old female with cirrhosis of the liver and colon cancer, and the other was a 55-year-old female with known MDS and incomplete Behcet's disease. Results of an antibody identification test using a LISS/Coombs gel card (DiaMed AG) showed negative to one positive with red cells having the $Jk^a$ antigen; however, all reactions using the enzyme-treated cells showed negative results, which was unexpected. The patients' RBC phenotype was Jk(a-b+). We obtained positive results in reactions of enzyme-treated $Jk^a+$ cells and EDTA using a patient's serum and proved that the cause of the negative reaction might be complement-related.

• THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN ORIENTAL ONCOLOGY
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.37-53
• /
• 1998

The sprig of Jinryungtang Gagambang has been used for curing as a traditional medicine without any experimental evidence to support the rational basis for their clinical use. This experiment was carried out to evaluate the possible therapeutic or antitumoral effects of Jinryungtang Gagambang extract against cancer, and to study some mechanisms responsible for its effect. The cytotoxic and antitumor effects were evaluated on human cell liens (A549, hep3B, Caki-1, Sarcoma 180) after exposure to Jinryungtang Gagambang extract using in ILS, colony forming efficency and SRB assay which were regarded as a valuable method for cytotoxic and antitumor effects of unknown compound on tumor cell lines. The results obtained in this studies were as follows. 1. As a result of exposure to Jinryungtang Gagambang extract, the proliferation of A549, hep3B, Caki-1, good correlations were shown from the results of SRB assay and those of clogenetic assay. 2. The oral administration of Jinryungtang Gagambang extract showed significant effects of increase of MST(mean survival time) and ILS(increased life span) depending on the increasing concentration. 3. Against squamous cell carcinoma induced by MCA, Jinryungtang Gagambang decreased not only the frequency of tumor production but also the number and weight of tumors per tumor bearing mice(TBM). Jinryungtang Gagambang also significantly suppressed the development of 3LL cell-implanted tumors by frequency and their size, and some developed tumors were regressed by the continuous treatment of Jinryungtang Gagambang extract into TBM. 4. Jinryungtang Gagambang extract also increased NK cell activities. According to the above results, it could be suggested that Jinryungtang Gagambang extract has prominent antiutmor effect.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.48-54
• /
• 2007

Purpose: To evaluate clinical results of the tumor prosthetic replacement for pathologic fracture of the proximal femur with extensive bony destruction due to metastatic bone tumors. Materials and Methods: From 2005 October to 2006 October, resection of proximal femur and tumor prosthesis replacement was performed for metastatic bone tumors extensively involving trochanteric area in 6 patients. The mean age of overall patients was 61(range, 48~77). Mean clinical follow up was 10.5 months (range, 6~16). Primary tumor consisted with multiple myeloma in 2 patients, lung cancer in 1, breast cancer in 1, transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis in 1, unknown origin in 1 patient. $MUTARS^{(R)}$ proximal femur (Implantcast, Munster, Germany) were used in all cases. The functional evaluation in the lower extremities was performed with Musculoskeletal Tumor Society 1993 scores. The degree of pain relief after surgical treatment was assessed with Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Results: At the final follow up, all of the patients survived. The mean lower extremities functional score of Musculoskeletal Tumor Society 1993 was 17.8(59.3%)(range, 12~25). VAS was improved to 2.5 from 8.5 after the surgical treatment. Ambulation was encouraged as soon as possible and mean duration after surgery for ambulation was 7.3(range, 3~16) days. Post-operatively, there was no surgical infection, periprosthetic fracture or loosening. Dislocation occurred in one out of six cases. Conclusion: Resection of proximal femur and tumor prosthesis replacement for metastatic bone tumors around proximal femur extensively involving trochanteric area seems to be safe procedure in view of post-operative complication, and effective for functional restoration as well as pain relief. Thus, it is accordant to the treatment principle of the metastatic bone tumors.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.51-58
• /
• 1993

We tried to establish the theoretical basis of clinical use of combined modality of hyperthermia and radiation therapy. For this purpose, we made an in vitro experiment in order to get the synergistic and/or additive effects on the cell killing of hyperthermia combined with radiation therapy by using the microwave-hyperthermia machine already installed at our department. In our experiment, we use two human cell lines: MKN-45 (adenocarcinoma of stomach) and K-562 (leukemia cell lines). In cases of combined treatments of hyperthermia and gamma-irradiation, the therapeutic effect was the highest in the simultaneous trial. Hyperthermia after gamma irradiation showed slightly higher therapeutic effect than that before irradiation without significant difference, but its effect was the same in the interval of 6 hours between hyperthermia and irradiation. The higher temperature and the longer treatment time were applied, the higher therapeutic effects were observed. We could observe the thermoresistance by time elapse at $43^{\circ}C$. When hyperthermia was done for 30 minutes at the same temperature, thermal enhancement ratio (TER) at DO. 01 (dose required surviving fraction of 0.01) were $2.5{\pm}0.08,\;3.75{\pm}0.18$, and $5.0{\pm}0.15\;at\;436{\circ}C,\;44^{\circ}C,\;and\;45^{\circ}C$ respectively in K-562 leukemia cell lines. Our experimental data showed that more cell killing effect can be obtained in the leukemia cell lines, although they usually are known to be radiosensitive, when treated with combined hyperthermia and radiation therapy. Furthermore, our data show that leukemia cell lines may have various intrinsic radiosensitivity, especially in vitro experiments. The magnitude of cell killing effect, however, will be less than that of MKN-45.