• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.389-400
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• 2000

20세기 초에 고토가 설정한 우리나라의 산맥체계는 지질학적 증거의 뒷받팀이 부족했다. 그후 일본 지질학자들은 그의 산맥체계에 수정을 가하게 되었으나, 수정은 그가 설정한 틀의 범위내에서 이루어졌다. 중.고등학교 지리교과서의 산맥지도가 보여주는 산맥에는 두 종류가 있다. 하나는 지반의 융기에 의해 형성된 태백.소백.낭림.함경산맥으로 산세가 웅장하고 산줄기가 분명하며, 한반도의 골격을 이루고 있다. 다른 하나는 태백.낭림의 척량산맥에서 서해안까지 길게 뻗어내린 갈비뼈 모양의 산맥들이다. 중국방향 및 랴오뚱방향의 이들 산맥은 경동지형의 고위평탄면이 해체되는 과정에서 형성된 것으로 연속성이 약하고 구간에 따라서는 확인하기 어려우며, 처음부터 잘못 설정된 거이다. 산맥지도는 산지의 분포를 보여주는 것인데. 척량산맥 서쪽에는 이들 산맥과 관계없이 분포하는 산지가 오히려 더 많다. 산맥지도에는 하천도 그려져 있으나 하천은 산맥에 가려서 잘 드러나지 않는다. 갈비뼈모양의 산맥을 아예 없애고 그 대신 하천을 뚜렷하게 그려 넣어도 훌륭한 지도가 만들어진다. 하천은 오늘날 수자원으로서 매우 중요하다.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.27-46
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• 1999

이 글은 상대적으로 연구 성과가 미비하고 그 접근방식도 다양하지 못했던 기존의 산지촌 연구를 회고하면서, 경관생태학적 관점을 활용하여 산지촌의 분포지역을 세분하고 이 틀 속에서 산지촌에 접근하자고 하였다. 특히 산지촌들이 생태지역에 따라 그 존립방식에 있어서 내적 차별성을 보인다는 점을 주목하였다. 연구지역은 산지촌이 전형적으로 분포하고 있는 강원 남부지역의 태백산맥 일대로서 지형경관, 사면경사도, 해발고도 등에 의거하여 세 개의 생태지역으로 세분될 수 있었다. 고위평탄면지역 산지촌, 고위산간지역 산지촌, 그리고 급사면산간지역 산지촌이 그것이다. 이러한 생태지역의 개념에 기초하여 먼저 산지촌의 형성과정을 역사적으로 추적해본 후, 자연경관, 촌락의 분포 패턴, 생활방식 등을 생태지역별로 비교하면서 구체적으로 서술하였다. 이 과정에서 도출된 세 곳의 생태지역, 생태지역별 자연경관 및 생활양식의 차별성, 산지촌 생활의 현실태, 촌락존립상의 문제점 등은 산지촌의 진흥방안을 모색하는 데 매우 중요한 관점과 방향을 제시해 줄 것으로 본다. 따라서 본고에서 사용한 경관생태학적 방법론은 연구지역 이외의 지역에서도 적용될 필요가 있으며, 이러한 연구가 전국의 산지촌으로 확대될 때 현실에 바탕을 둔 산지촌의 진흥방안이 마련될 수 있을 것으로 본다.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.31-55
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• 2009

This research aims 1) to characterize the spatial distribution of low relief landforms (plains) via analyses of a Digital Elevation Model (DEM), 2) to classify plains according to morphological and genetic similarity, and 3) to develop a model to explain forming processes of plains in the Korean peninsula. Plains can easily be separated from high relief mountaneous areas by analyzing the DEM. The overall morphological and locational characteristics of plains can be categorized into lava plains, fluvial-marine plains, erosional plains, intermontane basins, and higher ground plains. It is concluded that the characteristic of each plain type is decided by base-level changes caused by tectonic uplift and sea-level changes, and topological relationship of different rock types. Different plain types do not exist independently, but connected with each others along stream networks. The model developed is able to combine the morphological characteristics of plains with the channel network to conceptualize characteristics and development pathways of plains in the Korean Peninsula.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.53-66
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• 2004

There are various granite landforms including block stream(natural monument No. 435) within Mt. Biseul, in Daegu city. The Daegyunsa(temple) and community of rhododendron around the summit of the mountain provide visitors many objects o( interest in cultural & ecological heritage. This paper aimed to develope nature trails of various type according to visitor's characteristics. 1) Various granite landforms develope along with the main path up the mountain(block stream-gnamma-exfoliation-poligonal cracking-talus-core stone-sheeting joint-tor-free face-high flat summit). 2) The explanatory note on terminology, origin, characteristics of geomorphic resources are developed in this paper for the first time. 3) In Consideration of the path line of flow of visitor, the best field study sites and the most effective nature trails are designed for visitor. 4) Three nature tails are designed for visitor according to the type and the length of visitor's stay.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.313-340
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• 2004

Namhansan fortress of Kwangju in Kyonggi Province has remained a traumatic historical landscape of Manchu invasion in the year 1636. Skirted by the mountain fortress and on the ground of the uplifted flatland was the county seat which was relocated in 16Z7 from Kogol at the underneath ravine and later removed in 1917 to a crossroad place at the low-lying river plain. Once a secluded mountain village, Sungnaedong was at the outset planned as a county town of Kwangju, achieving thereafter a dramatic transformation from a small town of three hundred households into a nascent urban settlement of approximately six hundred households by the mid-18th century. The townscape of Sungnaedong features shrines, a second palace, a magistrate-commander's office, administrative buildings, and a periodic marketplace which were all decreed by the Neo-confucian template of the scheme of county seats. Townspeople managed to live on tilling tax-alleviated crop lands, trading merchandise, and selling their labor. Changing socio-economic situations led to the relocation of the administration center to the gateway village of Jumakri, which consequently heralded the decline of the mountain-fortress settlement of Sansungri at Namhansan.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.1-18
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• 2013

The mountain region in Korea has been known as 70% of total area and most Korean people have recognized Korea as the mountainous country. Those concepts are thought to be mislead by the definition of the Korea Forest Service for the mountain region. According to KFS's definition based on the land-use, the forest and farmland at the low altitude are also included in the mountain region. In this study, firstly, the geomorphological mountain region is extracted according to the definition of Kapos et al. (2000). The rates of mountain region in S. Korea, N. Korea, Korea Peninsular are 31%, 51%, 42% respectively. And the rates between mountain area and non-mountain area in the 300-1000m and 1000-2500m intervals are considerably different due to the existence of plateaus such as high-level plain surfaces. Secondly, using the overlay analysis in GIS, the distribution of mountain areas are compared with that of order-mountains' areas defined by Qui and SON (2010). Even in case of the 5th order, the highest order mountains, the hill & plain and non-mountain areas are included in that mountain area. It is possible to suggest that the definition of the KFS is completely different from the academic, realistic and epistemic definition for mountain area, and the geomorphological definition of mountain area is useful to classify the mountain area according to the its physical properties. Therefore, it would be expected that the definition contributes the development of methodologies on the scientific management of mountain area in future.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.133-142
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• 1999

The wetland is very important ecologically as a habitat of diverse organisms. The purpose of this paper is to elucidate the morphogenetic environment of Jilmoe Bog found in the Odae Mountain National Park Jilmoe Bog is located in the high etchplain(1,060m) where Daebo Granite which had intruded in Jura epoch of Mesozoic era has weathered deeply and has uplifted in the Tertiary. The annual mean temperature of study area is $5.3^{\circ}C$, the annual precipitation is 2,888mm. The minimun temperature of the coldest month(january) is below $-30^{\circ}C$ and the depth of frozen soil is over 1.6m. Jilmoe bog consists of a large bog and a small bog. The length of the large bog is 63m and its width is 42m. The basal surface of Jilmoe bog is uneven. Jilmoe bog is a string bog fanned due to frost actions. In String bog, its surface is wavy with stepped dry hills and net-like troughs crossing hill slope. It seems that string bog is related to the permofrost or seasonal permofrost of cold conifer forest(taiga) zone(where the depth of frozen soil is very deep in the least in winters). String bog is a kind of thermokarst that frozen soil thaws differentially locally in declining permofrost and ground surface becomes irregular. There is turf-banked terracette of width $30{\sim}40cm$ in the headwall of small cirque-type nivation hollow formed at footslope of Maebong mountain around Jilmoe bog. This turf-banked terracette is formed by the frost growth of soil water below grass mat in periglacial climate environment. Where water is plentiful such as a nivation follow${\sim}$valley corridor and a headwall of valley, turf patterned grounds of width $30{\sim}50cm$ are found. This turf patterned ground is 'unclassified patterned ground', earth hummock. In conclusion, Jilmoe bog is a string bog of thermokarst that the relief of ground surface is irregular according to locally differentially thawing of permofrost(frozen soil). Jilmoe bog is high moor, its surroundings belongs to periglacial environment that turf-banked terracette and turf patterned ground are fanned actively.