• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.29-60
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• 2005

This paper investigates how firms adjust wages, employment and hours in response to demand shifts. It focuses on rigidities and asymmetries in such adjustments. Major findings are as follows. First, wage adjustments are fairly small compared with worker adjustments. Second, wage adjustments are asymmetric with respect to sales growth: there is no responsiveness of wage growth when sales are declining, while adjustments are significantly positive when sales are rising. On the contrary, worker adjustments are symmetric with respect to demand shifts. Third, while workers are linearly adjusted to the sales growth, some nonlinearity is observed in the wage adjustment. Fourth, hours are generally nonresponsive to demand shocks. Finally, union firms cut wages rather than workers in the face of negative demand shocks.

• Korean Journal of Labor Studies
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.377-413
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• 2008

세계 경제의 환경 변화로 제조업 부문은 경쟁 압력과 함께 구조조정 압력에 직면하고 있다. 특히, 석유화학 산업은 대표적인 장치산업이란 특징으로 인해 중국과 중동의 대규모 신규 설비투자가 한국 석유화학 산업에 커다란 구조조정 압력으로 작용하고 있다. 정부가 정책대안의 1순위로 꼽는 인수합병 계획으로 인해 대규모 고용조정과 함께 비정규직 증가가 초래될 가능성이 크다. 석유화학산업의 고용형태는 '핵심-주변'으로 이원화되어 있으며 '구조조정 = 비정규직 증가'로 나타나고 있기 때문이다. 프랑스의 구조조정 대응 사례를 통해 정부의 능동적 개입과 노조의 적극적 대안 추구 노력이 구조조정에 따른 고용 문제의 해결책을 마련해 낼 수 있음을 알 수 있다. 정부는 석유화학산업의 당면 과제인 산업 내 양극화를 극복하고 산업연관체계를 재구축하기 위한 능동적 역할을 담당해야 한다. 또한 지역차원의 고용안정시스템의 구축을 위해 지방정부의 능동적 역할이 요구된다. 특히, 도급구조로 이원화된 노동력 구조를 극복하기 위해서 건설플랜트노동자를 비롯해 하청구조 하의 다양한 비정규직의 이해를 반영하는 교섭틀 구축이 중요하다. 노동조합은 전체 노동자를 포괄하는 위치에서만 산업정책에 대한 개입력을 높여나갈 수 있다. 사회연대적, 사회운동적 노동조합주의라는 새로운 정체성 하에서만 적극적인 산업재편 개입전략의 토대를 형성할 수 있다.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.25-57
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• 2014

Analysing the effects of expanded trade liberalization on the domestic labor market such as the flexibility of employment adjustment and the wage elasticity of employment etc. with industry base data, we get some important results as follows. The speed of employment adjustment in whole industries is turned out to be more rapid on the employee basis than on the whole worker basis. And the speed of employment adjustment is more rapid in the industries with high level of import ratio than those with high level of export ratio. In sum, viewing on the employee basis, the expanded trade liberalization makes the speed of employment adjustment slower slightly in individual industry level, and it is led mainly by the effects of export ratio rising. In case of the wage elasticity of employment, it becomes to be much higher as rates of openness or export ratios go higher, so the environment of jobless growth seems to be much more strengthened in this country.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.37-61
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• 1988

본(本) 연구(硏究)는 우리나라 기업(企業)에 있어 생산량(生産量)의 변화(變化)와 노동비용구조(勞動費用構造)의 변화(變化)가 어떤 조정과정(調整過程)을 거쳐 고용(雇傭) 및 근로시간(勤勞時間)에 영향을 미치는가를 분석(分析)하는 데 그 목적(目的)이 있다. 기업(企業)이 생산요소(生産要素)로서의 노동(勞動)에 대한 수요(需要)를 조정(調整)하는 수단은 크게 고용(雇傭)과 노동시간(勞動時間)으로 나눌 수 있다. 여러 가지 경제(經濟) 사회적(社會的) 요인(要因)으로서의 개별기업(個別企業)의 비용극소화(費用極小化) 전략(戰略)은 사회적(社會的)으로 최적의 고용수준(雇傭水準)을 실현하지 못하고 낮은 고용수준(雇傭水準)과 장시간근로(長時間勤勞)를 초래한다. 노동수요요소(勞動需要要素)(고용(雇傭) 및 근로시간(勤勞時間))간(間)에 대체(代替)가 이루어지는 요인관계(要因關係)를 본고(本稿)에서는 현고용수준(現雇傭水準)과 최적고용수준(最適雇傭水準)과의 과부족이 근로시간(勤勞時間)의 조정을 유발하는 것으로 설정하여 고용수준(雇傭水準)과 근로시간(勤勞時間)에 대한 두 개의 방정식(方程式)을 시계열자료(時系列資料)를 이용하여 추정하였다. 분석결과(分析結果)를 토대로 다음과 같은 정책과제(政策課題)가 제시(提示)된다. 첫째, 기업(企業)이 단기적(短期的) 노동수요조정시(勞動需要調整時) 근로시간(勤勞時間)에 과다하게 의존하는 현상을 일시해고제(一時解雇制)를 도입하여 고용조정(雇傭調整)으로도 분산시켜야 할 것이다. 둘째, 기업(企業)의 노동비용중(勞動費用中) 기본급(基本給)의 비중(比重)을 높여 나갈 수 있도록 유도해야 하며 이를 위해 초과근로(超過勤勞)에 대한 할증임금의 인상도 검토할 만하다.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.35-72
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• 2008

This paper examines whether me effects of product demand shocks on employment are different between unionized and non-unionized firms, using new firm-level longitudinal data in Korea over the period 1997~2004. The estimation result shows that the effects of both negative and positive demand shocks on employment are smaller in unionized firms than in non-unionized firms. The result implies that unions appear to provide their members with job stability in response to negative demand shocks, while playing a very limited role in employment determination in response to positive demand shocks leading to employment expansion.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.35-57
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• 2002

This paper investigates the employment and wage structural changes that have occurred around the economic crisis in 1997. We propose a theoretical model for external effects of human capital within firms and provide their estimation. When the employment and wage structural changes are considered simultaneously, labor demand decreases seem to more than offset labor supply changes during the period. While educational human capital, human capital accumulated with firm-tenure, human capital of married workers and of white-collar workers are considered to have positive external effects, human capital of relatively-old workers and managerial workers are considered to have negative external effects. We suggest that while employment restructuring with regard to age, tenure, and education and managerial workers during the period have improved the efficiency of firms, those with regard to married and white-collar workers have not.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.29-50
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• 2012

This paper estimates the effect of minimum wages on new hiring of low wage workers from a time-series. The results indicate that minimum wages tend to reduce the new hiring of low wage workers, in particular, among women, less educated and older population. The strongly negative effect on new hiring suggests that the burden of reduced labor demand arising from higher minimum wages tend to fall mostly upon the unprotected low-wage job searchers due to the short-term rigidity of employment adjustment among the existing workers.

• 월간 기계설비
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• s.247
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• pp.35-35
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• 2011

`신규고용촉진장려금'이 '고용촉진지원금'으로 개편, 지원금액도 약 20% 인상돼 연간 최대 860만원(기존 720만원)으로 상향조정됐다. 고용노동부는 이같은 내용을 담은 '고용촉진지원금 지급기준' 고시를 제정, 지난 1월 1일부터 시행에 들어 갔다

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.91-116
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• 2012

This paper analyzes how the adverse impacts of the global financial crisis on Korea's employment could be mitigated in comparison with the Asian crisis period. The results from error-correction models suggest that the less severe impacts during the global financial crisis could be attributed to (i) smaller GDP reduction, (ii) better maintenance of domestic demand despite a sharp fall of export, (iii) less serious over-employment during the run-up to the crisis, and (iv) less severe credit crunch. Analyses of OECD cross-country data provide corroborating evidence. In order to mitigate adverse impacts on employment, therefore, priority should be given to expansionary macroeconomic policies to keep aggregate domestic demand from collapsing once a crisis is triggered. Also crucial, however, is to maintain sound economic structures such as flexible labor market and adequately supervised financial market.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.71-104
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• 2004

This paper explores the empirical performances of the workout companies with special interests in the effectiveness of corporate reorganizing tools on their revitalization. In the empirical analysis it considers the criteria of success or failure in restructuring from both creditors' and debtors' perspectives. The key results are summarized as follows. First, the initial conditions on the debt structure of the workout companies are significantly related to the revitalization from both creditors' and debtors' point of view. Second, the debt restructuring instruments are insignificant in the success of corporate turnarounds while the debt-to-equity conversion has been a relatively effective tool. Third, the self-restructuring efforts, employment downsizing and governance reshuffling do not affect the performances significantly. The higher importance of initial conditions than corporate restructuring efforts may imply that Korean corporate workouts serve better to the needs of creditor financial institutions which are to maximize debt recovery and of the government which is to overcome financial crisis.