• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.77-91
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• 1993

This study was conducted to assess health medical center utilization pattern and its related factors among the rural inhabitants for the purpose of contribution to establishment of health medical center institutions. A questionnaire survey was carried out for object of 3,754 population of three primary school and three middle school student's parents (total 832 household) in Kyungbook Ulchin Gun rural area from 24 to 28 September, 1990. The summarized result are as follows, Respondents are 60.3% in male, 39.7% in female and 30-40s 81.3% in age, high school graduates 40.3% in education level and a regional medical insurance scheme in 44.1% in forms of health insurance. Recognition for health medical center was showed higher according to high educational, high income level, and short distance for location of health medical center of respondents (p < 0.01). Recognition for health medical center services was showed higher about care of medicaid in medical treatment services and higher preventive vaccination in health prevention services by respondents. Utilization rates of health medical center by out-patient care and preventive care service were 11.1 and 4.5 per 100 persons by year, but admission utilization rate was 34.6 per 10.000 persons by year. Motivations of health medical center utilization were showed a good care(45.7%), a good drugs(45.2%), and nearby health medical center(42.9%). In comparison health service levels of health medical center with general clinic was better (16.3%), similar(38.7%), 7(19.0%), and worse(19.0%) in view of health medical center utilizators. Inconvinience about health medical center utilized was the most higher longtime waiting, the next was limited utilization times. Transportation utilited were on foot(55%), by bus(35.5%), and so on. As mentioned above, there are many inhabitants who less understanding and less acknowledgement about health medical center and even mistake health center for health medical center. Therefore, there must be more information about health medical center. For higher utilization of health medical center, there must be considered expansion of health equipment, facilities, accomplishment with reinforcement of health staffs and efficiency management.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.37-45
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• 2014

Objective: This study was conducted in order to evaluate an education program for cardio-cerebrovascular high-risk patients. Methods: To evaluate patients' quality of life, EQ-5D was used and an organized survey was conducted via calls and interviews for hypertension, diabetes patients who had visited the KHyDDI(Korea Hypertension Diabetes DaeguInitiative) education center or 70 clinics through out the nation. Results: The subjects included 537 patients, 320 of who were in the clinic education and 217 of who were in the education center program. Sixty eight of the subjects went through the EQ-5D evaluation before and after the education program. In the EQ-5D index distribution of their quality of life before the education program, there was a statistically significant difference in gender(p<0.001) with higher points among males. Regarding age, there was a statistically significant difference between those aged over 65 years and under 65(p<0.001), with higher points in the group under the age of 65. Further, the EQ-5D 5 scope index was statistically significant different before and after receiving the education(p<0.05). Conclusion: Therefore, the KHyDDI staged education program is effective for improving the quality of life. Moreover, it could contribute to the complications of the disease through a variety of approaches by considering both gender and age.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.25-36
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• 2014

Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between coronary artery calcification and risk factors of cardiovascular disease with multidetector computed tomography. Methods: Data were collected from 5,899 males between 30 and 59 years old by interview, survey, physical examination, blood test, and multidetector computed tomography in the university hospital from January 2010 to December 2011. We confirmed the coronary artery calcium scores of subjects by multidetector computed tomography and identified risk factors of cardiovascular disorders. We investigated the relationship between coronary artery calcification and risk factors of cardiovascular disorders. Results: Mean calcium score of the coronary arteries in 5,899 participants was 8.20, and 773 participants (13.1%) exhibited coronary artery calcification. The presence of coronary artery calcification was correlated to risk factors of cardiovascular disease (age, blood pressure, triglyceride, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, glucose, Apolipoprotein A-1, Apolipoprotein B, body mass index, waist circumference) and risk assessment tools of cardiovascular disorders. Significant predicted factors of coronary artery calcification had different patterns in each age group (30-39, 40-49, 50-59 years old). Conclusions: We confirmed the relationship between coronary artery calcification and either typical risk factors of cardiovascular disease or risk assessment tools of cardiovascular disease. In addition, we also observed that the pattern of these factors varied according to age. Therefore, age-related variation needs to be considered in management strategies to prevent cardiovascular disease.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.1-13
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• 2014

Objective: The objectives were to estimate the rate of the injury in the elderly over the past year and to identify factors related to injury in the elderly in South Korea. Method: Using data from the 2008 Community Health Survey, 43,049 elderly persons, aged 65 years and older, were selected as study subjects. Their experience of injury during the past year and other variables, including socio-demographic factors, health-related factors, and diagnosed chronic diseases, were used. The chi-squared test and multiple logistic regression analysis with weighted analysis were conducted and statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Result: The rate of injury in the elderly during the past year was 5.1%. The most common types of the injury were falling/slipping down and traffic accidents. Factors related to injury in the elderly were living alone, current drinking, depression, poor self-rated health, stroke, and osteoporosis. Living alone (odds ratio 1.23, 95% CI: 1.05-1.45), current drinkers (OR 1.19, 95% CI: 1.05-1.35), poor self-rated health (OR 1.72, 95% CI: 1.43-2.08), depression (OR 1.23, 95% CI: 1.17-1.68), and history of stroke (OR 1.40, 95% CI: 1.17-1.68), and history of osteoporosis (OR 1.45, 95% CI: 1.26-1.66) were related to an increased risk of injury. Conclusions: Intervention programs that consider the risk factors related to injury should be developed and implemented to decrease and prevent injuries in the elderly.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.35-46
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• 2006

Objectives: In recently. the management and protection on individual information in patient's medical & nursing records have been very important, and that need a guideline. The purpose of this study was to investigate the status of using the patient's nursing records of nursing students in clinical practice, to find and discuss the patient's informed consent, and status of education and management concerned to patient's nursing records. Methods: This study used a mailing survey. data collected from September 24th to October 31th in 2002. The subject were 333 professors who are major in adult nursing, pediatric nursing, psychological nursing of 111 university of nursing department and nursing college. And then we received the survey mail from 103 professors that respondent rate was 30.9%. Results: The characteristics of study subjects showed 49.0% of university. 51.0% of college of nursing. 50.0% of the subjects practiced point the patient by oral approval in clinical practice. But when the decision of the patient was very difficult, 21.6% of the subjects take to informed consent from his or her families. During the clinical practice, 49.0% of the subjects were explain to patient about clinical practice and contents of the nursing student, only 7.8% of the subjects were explain to patient with nursing records. 52.0% of the subjects were took out records from the hospital, only 17.6% of the subjects had standard of the patient's informed consent and standard of handling practice records. 17.6%-92.2% of the subjects that educate and manage concern to patient's nursing records.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.131-140
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• 1993

This study was conducted to examine the levels of mercury in tissue of Carassius carassius collected at five areas(Andong, Sangju, Waekwan, Gangjung and Gaejin) in Nakdong river from February to March, 1993. The contents of total and organic mercury were determined by methods of Gold amalgam and Selective atomic absorption with mercury analyzer(Model SP-3A). The total mercury contents in muscle were $0.148{\pm}0.0646$ ppm by the Gold amalgam, and $0.113{\pm}0.0345$ ppm by the Selective atomic absorption, but in all parts of Carassius carassius were $0.342{\pm}0.4235$ ppm and $0.240{\pm}0.2974$ ppm respectively. These two methods were extremely high correlated(r=0.9812, p<0.001). The mean value of total and organic mercury by the two methods was high in the order of bone>fin>muscle, respectively, and the proportion of organic mercury to the total was 69.0%. Mean value of total and organic mercury in the muscle was the highest at Wakeman located in middle basin of Nakdong river, and in the bone and fin was the highest at Andong dam located in upper basin. According to sizes and parts of fish, the concentration of mercury was the highest in the muscle of 15-19 cm group, the highest in the bone of 10-14 cm group and in the fin of 20-24 cm group.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.111-123
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• 2010

Objectives: The purpose of the present study is to examine the effects of the Field Management Training Program for home care services personnel on their understanding and professional competences. Methods: The subjects were 373 team managers of public home care services who participated in the training program. Data was collected with a self-administered questionnaire in April and September, 2007. The subjects' level of understanding of home care was measured by 35 questions divided into 8 categories while their professional competence was measured by 15 questions divided into 5 categories. Result: After attending the training, the subjects' understanding improved from 20.90 points (possible range: 4~32) to 26.11 points. The most improvement was evident in the Planning and Public Health Education categories. Their professional competences improved from 10.81 points (possible range: 4~16) to 12.51 points. The improvement of their understanding and professional competences differed across to training places. It was also evident that an increase in understanding brought about an increase in professional competence. Conclusion: The Field Management Training Program needs to be continued with efforts to reduce the differences of training effects between training places. And additional recommendations should be made through further evaluation of subsequent training programs.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.122-126
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• 2014

Purpose: The new reconstruction algorithms (NRA) provided by vendor aim to shorten the acquisition scan time. Whereas depending on the installed version AutoQuant program used for myocardial SPECT quantitative analysis did not contain the normal data that NRA is applied. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to compare the results according to AutoQuant versions in myocardial SPECT applied NRA and half-time scan (HT). Materials and Methods: Rest Tl and stress MIBI data of total 80 (40 men, 40 women) patients were gathered. Data were applied HT acquisition and ASTONISH (Philips) software which is NRA. Modified autoquant of SNUH and old version of AutoQuant (full-time scan) provided by company were compared. Comparison groups were classified as coronary artery disease (CAD), 24 hrs delay and almost normal patients who have a simple pain patient. Perfusion distribution aspect, summed stress score (SSS), summed rest score (SRS), extent and total perfusion deficit (TPD) of each 25 patient who have above diseases were compared and evaluated. Results: The case of CAD, when using re-edited AutoQuant (HT) SSS and SRS showed about 30% reduction (P<0.0001), Extent showed about 38% reduction and TPD showed about 30% reduction in the tendency (P<0.0001). In the score of the perfusion, especially on the part of infero-medium, infero-apical, lateral-medium and lateral-apical regions were the biggest change. The case of the 24 hrs delay patient SRS (P=0.042), Extent (P=0.018) and TPD (P=0.0024) showed about 13-18% reduction. And the case of simple pain patient, comparison of 4 results showed about 5-7% reduction. Conclusion: This study was started based on expectation that results could be affected by normal patient data. Normal patient data is possible to change by race and gender. It was proved that combination of new reconstruction algorithm for reducing scan time and analysis program according to scan protocol with NRA could also be affected to results. Clinical usefulness of gated myocardial SPECT is possibly increased if each hospital properly collects normal patient data for their scan acquisition protocol.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.187-246
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• 1996

The purpose of this study is to evaluate and standardize the four scales of Questionnaire for the Sasang Constitution ClassificationII (QSCCII). QSCCII is newly prepared by statistical item analysis and is designed to examine its diagnostic discriminability. QSCCII is administered to 1366 random informants. From the survey, we could get the data for the standardization. The criteria of standardization are based on the data from 265 informants who are examined by professionals. Collected data are analyzed by internal consistency, variation analysis(ANOVA), Duncan test and discrimination analysis of SPSS PC+ V4.0 program. The results are as follows 1) The reliability of four scales for QSCCII is relatively valid. The internal consistency of Tae-yang(太陽) scale is Cronbach's ${\alpha}=0.5708$. That of So-yang(少陽) scale is ${\alpha}=0.5708$. That of Tae-eum(太陰) scale is ${\alpha}=0.5922$. That of So-eum(少陰) scale is ${\alpha}=0.6319$. 2) There is a significant difference between each group through variation analysis of four scales. 3) The process of standardization is based on the average value and standard deviation with respect to age and sex difference of each criteria. 4) This study suggests a source of standardization of Sasang Constitution Classification by providing norms in which the differences of age, sex, and number of items are taken into deep consideration. QSCCII, therefore, can be applied to every age(the 10's to the 60's) and sex groups. 5) The recalculation of the raw-score to standard value (T-score) shows that the diagnostic discriminability (Hit-ratio : 70.08%) of QSCCII brings about 37% improvement than proportional chance criteria(33.33%). Especially, Hit-ratios of Tae-eum In(74.5%) and So-eum In(70.8%) are higher than that of So-yang In(60.0%). 6) QSCC has discriminability only to male informants. Compared with QSCC, however, QSCCII has relatively efficient discriminability both to male and female informants. 7) These results would be a demonstration of the fact that the QSCCII could be used as a tool for sasang constitution classification.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.119-131
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• 2017

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare the diabetic management indicators between agriculture, forestry, and fishery workers (AFF) and other occupational adults (non-AFF) in community-dwelling diabetes. Methods: The study population consisted of 22,127 diabetic population ${\geq}19years$ who participated in the 2015 Community Health Survey. Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis was used to compare the diabetic management indicators between AFF and non-AFF. Socioeconomic characteristics such as age, gender, education level, monthly household income, National Basic Livelihood Security status, and marital status was sequentially adjusted. Results: Among total diabetic population, 3,712 people (16.8%) was AFF and 18,415 people (83.2%) was non-AFF. The fully-adjusted odds ratio [OR] (95% confidence interval [CI]) of current non-medical treatment (0.72, 0.66-0.79), measurement of hemoglobin A1c (0.61, 0.55-0.67), screening for diabetic retinopathy (0.76, 0.70-0.83), screening for diabetic nephropathy (0.75, 0.70-0.81), non-alcoholic or moderate drinking (0.70, 0.64-0.78), nutrition label reading (0.83, 0.71-0.98), low salt preference (0.85, 0.78-0.93), dental examination (0.60, 0.54-0.66), scaling experience (0.84, 0.77-0.93), regular toothbrushing (0.66, 0.58-0.76), and diabetes management education (0.84, 0.77-0.92) was significantly lower in AFF compared to non-AFF. In contrast, the fully-adjusted OR (95% CI) of AFF's low stress level (1.39, 1.26-1.52) and adequate sleep duration (1.22, 1.13-1.32) was significantly higher than non-AFF, which are better indicators of diabetic management in AFF. Conclusions: Overall, the level of diabetes management of AFF was not as good as that of non-AFF. In order to improve the level of diabetes management of AFF, a delicate diabetes intervention strategy considering the occupational characteristics of AFF will be needed.