• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.115-130
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• 2015

Extended elastic impedance (EEI) is an extension of elastic impedance (EI) which is a generalization of acoustic impedance (AI) for nonzero angles of incidence and can be tuned to be proportional to reservoir properties. In this study, we evaluated EEI inversion by estimating the P-($V_p$) and S-wave velocities ($V_s$), P-wave to S-wave velocity ratio ($V_p/V_s$), and Poisson's ratio of the Second Wall Creek Sand of the Teapot Dome field, Wyoming, USA. We also applied the EEI inversion technique to estimate porosity, gamma-ray values, and density of the Second Wall Creek Sand. Data used in the study include 3-D pre-stack seismic data from the southern part of the field and four wells, selected from a large well database. The $V_s$ logs at the wells were constructed from the $V_p$ logs using the empirical relationships. The percent prediction errors for the four velocity properties are less than about 5% except for Poisson's ratio at one well, supporting that the EEI inversion can be used in the prediction of rock properties. However, the results from the EEI inversion analysis of porosity, gamma-ray values, and density at the wells were unsatisfactory and thus these properties, which are not directly computed from velocities, may not be suitable for EEI inversion.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.123-131
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• 2017

The aim of this paper was to provide basic data on revitalizing traditional markets in 389 undergraduate students who had purchased foods sold at a traditional market in order to understand the current state of usage of traditional market foods and to analyze degree of importance and satisfaction. From September 2015 to November 2015, questionnaires were filled out by respondents. Of the 389 questionnaires that were returned, 343 were used while 46 were discarded as incomplete. In the traditional market, high popularity was detected in foods such as 'Hotteok', 'stir-fried rice cake', 'Korean sausage', and so on in that order, which were mainly simple foods. There was a tendency that 'taste', 'hygiene', 'price', and 'quality' were considered as important, all of which scored more than 4 points for all residence types. In the difference analysis of the degree of satisfaction and importance in traditional market foods according to residence types, degree of importance was much higher than that of satisfaction for all selective attributes. In the results of ISA analysis for attributes of traditional market foods, those selling food in the second quadrant need to make more effort to improve 'hygiene' and 'quality' of food.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.708-713
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• 2014

Trusses are widely used for wooden houses in the areas where wood construction in generalized for residential housings such as North America, Australian, New Zealand. In Korea, joist and rafter system is generally used because of the production cost, transportation cost and lack of experience required for truss manufacturing. In this study, roof trusses and flat trusses were manufactured by using oriented strand board (OSB) gusset plates for field assembly and tested under bending load to obtain the allowable loads. The allowable load and the actual load of 6m span roof trusses were 10.60 kN and 5.26 kN, respectively, which is regarded to be sufficient for use in construction. The allowable load and the actual load of 6m span floor flat trusses were 7.18 kN and 7.43 kN, respectively. For flat trusses, the allowable load is slightly lower than the actual load but the difference in very small, and it is thought that flat trusses can be used for construction by applying small change of structures and members.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.231-240
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to understand of flipped learning of vocational high school teachers and to provide basic data of teacher training program development that can support flipped learning classes of vocational high school. We conducted surveys and focus group interviews to solve these research problems. The focus group interview is conducted on four flipped learning teachers who participated in the questionnaire. The results of this study are as follows. First, vocational high school teachers only heard the term 'flipped learning', but they did not have much experience in class. Second, it is necessary to learn contents and pre-learning for basic understanding of flipped learning, method of making learning contents of learning materials that focused on students' motivation and interest in the classroom. Also, we needed a method to induce participation in classroom activities, and a compensation method and evaluation method to maintain it. In addition, they requested specific flipped learning instruction procedures and various learning materials at each stage in accordance with the vocational high school situation. Third, I requested training contents and practice - centered training method that can induce interest and motivation as the training management method for the vocational high school teachers' flipped learning classes. In addition, it required step - by - step training according to the understanding level of flipped learning of high school teacher.

• Korean Journal of School Psychology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.31-48
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine whether the retention of university freshmen could be predicted using their peer relationships in a specific department. In this study, retention was defined as a student staying enrolled in their university for a certain period of time. Social relationships are formed through interaction between people, so both students' self-perceptions and others' perceptions of them must be accounted for, so we used a social network analysis that did so. We examined social networks visualizations that allowed for a rich interpretation of numerical information. Participants in this study were freshmen who enrolled in an undergraduate program in 2017, 2018, or 2019. We used the name generator method to determine how quantitative friendship network variables predicted the academic retention up to the first semester of 2020. Cox proportional hazard model analysis showed that the weighted indegree centrality with intimacy positively predicted retention. The results of this study can be used to identify and conduct interventions for students who may be likely to disenroll. However all of the students did not participate in the department, it was difficult to examine their entire peer networks. Thus, this study's results cannot be generalized because the participants are students of a specific major, so further research is needed to produce more generalizable results.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.11-19
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• 2009

A RAM-based Neural Net(RBNN) which has multi-discriminators is more effective than RBNN with a discriminator. Experience Sensitive Cumulative Neural Network and 3-D Neuro System(3DNS) that accumulate the features point improved the performance of BNN, which were enabled to train additional and repeated patterns and extract a generalized pattern. In recognition process of Neural Net with multi-discriminator, the selection of class was decided by the value of MRD which calculates the accumulated sum of each class. But they had a saturation problem of its memory cells caused by learning volume increment. Therefore, the decision of MRD has a low performance because recognition rate is decreased by saturation. In this paper, we propose the method which improve the MRD ability. The method consists of the optimum MRD and the matching ratio prototype to generalized image, the cumulative filter ratio, the gap of prototype response MRD. We experimented the performance using NIST database of NIST without preprocessor, and compared this model with 3DNS. The proposed MRD method has more performance of recognition rate and more stable system for distortion of input pattern than 3DNS.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.153-160
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• 1999

Animal models can provide a useful tool for the study of some aspects of psychiatric disorders and their treatment. The four criteria for the evaluation of animal models of psychiatric disorders are as following : 1) similarity of inducing conditions 2) similarity of behavioral state 3) common underlying neurobiological mechanisms 4) reversal by clinically effective treatment techniques. Several animal models have been proposed for schizophrenia : phenylethylamine model, L-dopa model, hallucinogen model, cocaine model, amphetamine model, phencyclidine model, noradrenergic reward system lesion model, reticular stimulation model, social isolation model, conditioned avoidance reaction, catalepsy test, paw test, self-stimulation paradigms, latent inhibition paradigms, blocking paradigms, prepulse inhibition of the startle reflex, rodent interaction, social behavior in monkeys, hippocampal damage, high ambient pressure, and models using selective breeding. Among them, animals with bilateral lesion of the hippocampus may provide an adequate animal model for several symptoms of schizophrenia, and ketamine model can reproduce negative symptoms and cognitive deficits as well as positive symptoms of schizophrenia. In conclusion, no model of schizophrenia is entirely representative of the disease, and findings gleaned from model systems must be cautiously interpreted. Furthermore, the process of developing and validating animal models must work in concert with the process to identify reliable measures of human phenomenology.

• Journal of the HCI Society of Korea
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.5-12
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• 2019

Social exclusion, which does not fulfill the desire for respect as one of the most basic human desires, makes those who perceive themselves to be socially excluded seek physical warmth. However, very few studies have examined whether this phenomenon-wherein social exclusion develops a preference for warmth-can be generalized to the emotional or symbolic aspects, such as the color of lighting. This study aimed to verify the effects of perceived social exclusion on warm lighting preferences, and two experiments were performed for this purpose. In Experiment-1, participants who were respected by people the previous day were assigned to the group that did not perceive social exclusion (non-perceived social exclusion group), and those who were not respected were assigned to the group that perceived social exclusion (perceived social exclusion group). Following this, their preference for warm lighting (3000K), neutral lighting (4000K), and cold lighting (6000K) was measured. The results showed that the perceived social exclusion group had a stronger preference for warm lighting and a weaker preference for cold lighting than did their counterparts. Moreover, the perceived social exclusion group showed a strong preference for warm lighting over neutral lighting; they also showed a weak preference for cold lighting. In Experiment-2, after assigning the participants into groups as in Experiment-1, the participants' preference for a space with warm lighting, neutral lighting, and cold lighting was measured. The results showed that the perceived social exclusion group had a stronger preference for the space with warm lighting and a weaker preference for cold lighting than did their counterparts. Further, the perceived social exclusion group showed a strong preference for the space with warm lighting over the space with neutral lighting; they also showed a weak preference for the space with cold lighting. The findings of this study have implications that can be applied to designing living spaces for people who experience social exclusion, such as handicapped individuals, multicultural families, or immigrant workers, as well as developing artificial intelligence services and cyber-friend characters for this demographic.

• (The) Korean Journal of Advertising
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.7-25
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• 2016

According to recent studies, the location of visual information has a significant impact on consumers' interpretation and judgment in various contexts. In particular, vertical positioning is relevant to the perception of weight: consumers tend to interpret that products are heavier when information is placed at the bottom of a page or section rather than the top. This is due to the common perception that heavy things would sink to the bottom and light things would float up. Consistent with this research stream, the current study investigates how the vertical location of freebie information influences promotion evaluation. We hypothesize that consumers assume that the complimentary product is heavier when the information about it is displayed at the bottom compared to when the information is displayed at the top. Two experiments were conducted. In experiment 1, we show how the location of "get one free" information impacts the evaluation of the sales promotion in a "Buy two and get one free" context. When the complimentary information was displayed below rather than above the main product information, consumers evaluated the sales promotion more favorably. Experiment 2 tests the generalizability of the vertical location effect by using a different type of information and product: a visual picture of vitamin tablets rather than the numeric information as in Experiment 1. The dependent variable was also extended to the perceived amount of the promoted product. We suggest the boundary condition that the proposed effect is moderated by the presence or absence of an explicit message about the amount. Without an explicit message about the amount of the product, the results were similar to those of experiment 1 in that consumers perceived that the product offered a greater amount when the complimentary information was displayed at the bottom rather than at the top. However, the location effect disappeared with an explicit message about the amount. This confirms the moderating effect that presenting an explicit message about the amount is a crucial boundary condition for location effect in a value added promotion. Marketers can use this knowledge to formulate strategies in a variety of sales promotion conditions.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.56 no.5
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• pp.554-572
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• 2023

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to analyze the priorities for educational content regarding precautions to be taken to prevent safety accidents for employees in school foodservice using the Borich priority formula and the Locus for Focus model. Methods: A survey was conducted in February 2019 on 194 employees in elementary school and 122 employees in middle- and high school foodservice in the Jeonbuk area. Demographic characteristics, status of safety accidents, safety education, and their importance and performance levels were assessed using a self-administered questionnaire. The priorities for the educational content on precautions to prevent safety accidents were based on a 3-step analysis method, including the paired sample t-test, Borich priority formula, and the Locus for Focus Model. Results: The average perceived importance of the precautions to be taken against safety accidents of employees in elementary-, middle-, and high schools was higher compared to the average performance of the employees (p < 0.001). The top priority for elementary school employees was caution against falls during the cleaning of the gas hood and the trench in the kitchen. In addition, 'awareness of chemical signs' was added as one of the top priorities of middle- and high school employees. The second highest priority items were 'do stretching', 'safely adjusting workbench height', 'keeping the right attitude', 'using assistive devices when moving heavy things', and 'checking the material safety data sheet', which were the same for all elementary, middle- and high school employees. Conclusion: Thus, to improve the educational preparedness of employees in the area of safety precautions, eight safety/accident prevention items should be included in the safety education program.