• Journal of Powder Materials
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.491-496
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• 2021

The process optimization of directed energy deposition (DED) has become imperative in the manufacture of reliable products. However, an energy-density-based approach without a sufficient powder feed rate hinders the attainment of an appropriate processing window for DED-processed materials. Optimizing the processing of DED-processed Ti-6Al- 4V alloys using energy per unit area (E_eff) and powder deposition density (PDD_eff) as parameters helps overcome this problem in the present work. The experimental results show a lack of fusion, complete melting, and overmelting regions, which can be differentiated using energy per unit mass as a measure. Moreover, the optimized processing window (E_eff = 44~47 J/mm² and PDD_eff = 0.002~0.0025 g/mm²) is located within the complete melting region. This result shows that the Eeff and PDDeff-based processing optimization methodology is effective for estimating the properties of DED-processed materials.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.85-93
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• 2022

Objectives : This study investigated anti-inflammatory effects of Nardotidis seu Sulculii Concha water extract (NSCE) against restraint-induced stress. Methods : In vivo, NSCE was orally administered to male white mice at concentrations of 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg for 3 days, and then restraint-induced stress was induced for 6 hours. The level of liver damage was measured by serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). The stress-related hormones such as cortisol and corticosterone were measured by ELISA assay. Also, western blot analysis was performed to detect expression of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) proteins. Pathological changes were observed by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining of the liver tissue, and Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining was performed to examine liver inflammation through macrophage infiltration. Results : The AST, ALT, LDH and the stress related hormones such as cortisol and corticosterone were significantly decreased in the NSCE treated group compared with stress group. In histological analysis, H&E staining of liver tissues did not detect the hepatic injury or damage in all groups. As a result of IHC staining, it was confirmed that infiltration of macrophages was increased in the stress-induced group, but decreased in the group treated with NSCE. The COX-2 and MAPK proteins expression was significantly increased by restraint-induced stress, but these proteins were decreased in the NSCE treated group. Conclusions : These results suggest that NSCE has the anti-inflammatory activity in restraint-induced stress model, and it is believed that NSCE can be used for the prevention of liver inflammation.

• Membrane Journal
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.352-361
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• 2023

Steam methane reforming is currently the most widely used technology for producing hydrogen, a clean fuel. Hydrogen produced by steam methane reforming contains impurities such as carbon monoxide, and it is essential to undergo an appropriate post-purification step for commercial usage, such as fuel cells. Recently, membrane separation technology has been gaining great attention as an effective purification method; in this study, we evaluated the feasibility of using commercial polysulfone membranes for biogas upgrading to separate and recover hydrogen from a hydrogen/carbon monoxide gas mixture. Initially, we examined the physicochemical properties of the commercial membrane used. We then conducted performance evaluations of the commercial membrane module under various conditions using mixed gas, considering factors such as stage-cut and operating pressure. Finally, based on the evaluation results, we carried out simulations for process design. The maximum H₂ permeability and H₂/CO separation factor for the commercial membrane process were recorded at 361 GPU and 20.6, respectively. Additionally, the CO removal efficiency reached up to 94%, and the produced hydrogen concentration achieved a maximum of 99.1%.

• Proceedings of the Korean Association for Survey Research Conference
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• 2003.06a
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• pp.69-84
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• 2003

Main monthly household surveys conducted by National Statistical Office are economically active population survey and household expenditure survey. Samples of these two surveys are redesigned every 5 years based on Census. This paper is about sample redesign of household survey conducted in 2002 based on 2000 Census.

• 한국지구과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.09a
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• pp.149-150
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• 2003

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-4
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• 1973

多年間 大學會의 理事로 계셨던 崔相博士는 지난 3月 5日 45세로 幽明을 달리 하셨습니다. 博士님은 1927年 正月 경상남도 함양에서 출생하시어 京城大學豫科를 거처 東京大學을 졸업하고 1961年 母校로부터 農學博士 學位를 수여받고 原子力硏究所와 韓國科學技術硏究所에서 水産生物資源에 관한 硏究로 많은 業績을 남기 셨습니다. 한편 후배 양성을 위해서도 힘쓰셨으며 韓國海洋科學 發展을 위한 중대한 사업을 계획하고 계시다 부인 禹女史와 두 아드님을 남기시고 가셨으니 人材를 잃은 슬픈 마음으로 故人의 冥福을 빌뿐입니다. 이제 우리는 博士님의 모습 찾아 볼길 없겠으나 남겨놓으신 많은 業績은 길이 빛날것이며 후배들이 이어 받아 水産生物學 분야의 발전에 공헌 할 것을 믿어 의심치 않습니다. 本學會는 博士님의 經歷과 硏究業績을 여기 동물학회지 통권 41호에 소개 하면서 追慕의 뜻을 표하는 바입니다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Association of Geographic Inforamtion Studies Conference
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.254-261
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• 2008

최근 기상이변과 예상치 못한 지각변동으로 인해 발생하는 재해의 빈도가 증가하고 있고 그 규모 또한 커지고 있는 상황에서 보다 신속하고 정확한 피해현황 조사 및 분석을 가능하게 한 GIS, IT, 원격탐사 등 영상공간정보와 첨단기술을 활용하여 재해정보체계 구축에 주요 관심사가 되고 있다. 위성영상은 항공사진과 더불어 지표면의 변화를 신속하고 주기적으로 관찰할 수 있다는 장점을 가지고 있으며, 이를 통해 효율적인 재해 관리와 복구 대책 수립이 요구되며 많은 연구가 진행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 경상북도 봉화지역의 재해대장에 기록된 피해유형 및 피해규모를 현장에서 직접 답사하여 실제 피해현장을 파악하였으며, 피해 전 항공영상과 피해 후 아리랑 2호 위성영상을 확보하여 영상처리 및 분석을 통해 피해식별가능 여부와 피해 현황별 피해규모를 추출하였다.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.137-141
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• 2012

The foot and mouth disease(FMD) was occurred from Andong city on November 23, 2010 and spread out the whole country except Jeju island and Jeolla-do. About 3.4 million livestock such as cow and pig was buired at 4,200 sites during preventive measures of FMD. Government did not effectively respond to the FMD crisis management so FMD spread out the whole country. To Prevent the spread FMD, Farms have to fast approaching and respond directly to smartphones and Tablet PC applications. Resolve the difficulties of using smart devices and easy to operate for the effective utilization of the development of simple applications. This application of FMD, developed for the prevention and alarm applications, foot and mouth disease will be caused, farmers around the farm in case of risk and the seriousness of the FMD will notify smartphone, FMD prevent additional damage due to be interested in preventing further that allows your application is for development purposes.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.117-127
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to analyze the temporal and spatial characteristics of water quality data of Nakdonggang watershed which is second largest watershed in South Korea. The correlation between the water quality items for rainy and non-rainy seasons were also analyzed for two TMDL sites which are Gumi and Namji. BOD data of two Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDL) target sites were compared with TMDL criteria, 3-year arithmetic mean BOD concentration of the target sites should not exceed the target concentration for 2 consecutive years, to figure out current water quality status. Spatial analysis results showed that the correlation coefficient between Goryeong and Hyunpung was highest with the value of 0.978 followed by Hapcheon and Namji with the value of 0.874. The observed BOD data of Gumi station fluctuated around the TMDL criterion, 1.8mg/L while Namji station mostly exceed the criterion, 2.6mg/L. The criteria values for each target sites are defined by Ministry of Environment. The major factor of correlation coefficient was the distance between the stations. The correlation between the water quality items for non-rainy season showed no relation while the correlation between COD and SS was high followed by COD and TP for Gumi and Namji.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.266-279
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• 2021

The present study examined the cytotoxic effects of a Smilax china L. extract (SCLE) in human cancer (A-549, MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, U87-MG, AGS, MKN-74, and SNU-601) and normal MRC-5 fibroblasts, as well as in mesenchymal stem cells derived from dental tissue (DSC). The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) values for SCLE were significantly (p<0.05) lower in the cancer cell lines (A-549, MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, U87-MG, AGS, MKN-74 and SNU-601) than in the MRC-5 and DSC cells. Cell growth was significantly (p<0.05) more inhibited in the cancer cell lines treated with 200 ㎍/ml SCLE than in the normal MRC-5 and DSC, and anoikis-like floating cell morphology was observed in the SCLE-treated cancer cells. The cells detached by SCLE treatment were retrieved daily and assayed for viability and telomerase activity. Cells retrieved at 4 days showed significantly decreased viability and telomerase activity (p<0.05), as well as apoptosis-like abnormal morphology, when compared to cells retrieved in the previous 3 days. The ratio of apoptosis and cells in the G1 phase was significantly (p<0.05) increased in the A-549, AGS, and MCF-7 cancer cells treated with SCLE for 4 days compared to untreated controls. However, after SCLE treatment, cell adhesion was not increased by application of an inhibitor of the associated protein kinase (ROCK) that mainly contributes to the increase in cell attachment. This suggests that the cellular detachment by SCLE is probably controlled by a Rho-independent mechanism(s). These observations indicate that SCLE readily induces anoikis in cancer cells and could serve as a potent agent for cancer chemotherapy.