• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.371-371
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• 2019

우리나라는 홍수기(6~9월)에 집중되는 기상패턴과 하천 중하류부에 발달된 도시의 개발특성으로 인하여 가장 중요한 자연재해 중 하나로 홍수 및 도시침수가 거론되고 있다. 과거 집중호우로 침수 피해가 발생한 사례를 살펴보면, 피해가 발생하는 지역은 지방하천 및 소하천을 중심으로 형성된 도시지역이다. 중앙 지방 정부는 수차례 침수 피해를 겪으며 사후관리가 아닌 재난예방 및 사전관리 등의 방안 마련을 강조하고 있다. 하지만 기후변화에 의한 기상의 불확실성으로 치수 중심의 물관리 및 중 소하천의 하천 특성으로 여전히 홍수 발생에 대비할 수 있는 골든타임 확보 등에 어려움을 겪고 있다. 이러한 어려움을 극복하기 위해 사전 예방적 차원에서의 홍수대응 방안으로 중 소하천을 담당하는 지자체 중심의 홍수피해 저감 방안이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 A 지자체를 대상으로 모니터링 대상 경계를 설정하여 우량 알람 기준을 예비알람, 주요 관측지점에 대해 강우에 따른 수위 상승 정도를 홍수대응 기준인 직접알람과 연계함으로써 예방적 재난대응 체계를 구축하였다. 모니터링 대상 지역은 해당 지자체를 포함하면서 유역 개념을 적용하여 만경강유역 전체로 설정하였다. 만경강 유역 내 유관기관(지자체, 환경부, K-water, 기상청 등)이 관할하는 우량국(41개소) 및 수위국(28개소), 저수용량이 30만톤 이상이 되는 농어촌공사 저수지(7개소)를 고려하여 홍수분석 모형(COSFIM)을 구축하였다. 해당 모형은 2018년 8월 호우사상에 대해 주요 수위관측 지점에서 $R^2$가 0.8 이상의 우수한 검증 결과를 보였다. 구축된 모형을 통해 예상강우량별 하천 내 수위지점별 최고수위, 최대유량, 도달시간 등 예상 조견표를 제시하여 호우 발생시 지자체 담당자가 참고할 수 있도록 제시하였다. 또한 수위지점별 홍수대응 기준은 평시, 관심, 주의, 경계, 심각 단계로 구분하여 담당자가 수위별 위험 정도를 인지할 수 있도록 지점별 도달되는 수위의 위험 정보를 알람기준으로 제시하였다. 홍수분석 모형은 상류에 위치한 주요시설물의 운영현황을 연계하고 있어 실제 강우 발생 시 기상예보를 고려하여 하천 내 수위관측 지점별 수위 상승 정도를 예상함으로써 사전에 홍수에 대비할 수 있는 단계별 시간 확보에 활용 가능하다. 향후 홍수대응기준은 하천 환경 변화를 반영하여 지속적인 보완이 필요하며 유관기관과의 수문자료 공유체계 확대로 예방적 차원의 홍수 대응 체계가 구축되어야 할 것이다.

• Analyses & Alternatives
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.85-114
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to analyze Russia-Central Asia relations since the launch of the EAEU in 2015 and forecast the future from a structural realism perspective. Bilateral relations have both elements of close cooperation and elements of conflict. Russia and Central Asia, which have the characteristics of an authoritarian alliance, also have a symbiotic relationship in which they have no choice but to cooperate with each other to maintain the regime. Based on this, Russia has made various efforts to reunify Central Asia. Central Asia also has no choice but to cooperate with Russia for its survival, but at the same time, it has expanded its scope of cooperation in the international community to avoid being subjugated to Russia again. However, as China's power expands, Russia's relative weakness, and wariness toward Russia increases after the Ukraine War, the gap in bilateral relations is widening. In particular, as China's influence grows, Russia's nervousness also increases. This is why Putin visits Central Asia and holds active summit talks even during the war in Ukraine. If competition between Russia and China surfaces, there is a high possibility that the international order in Central Asia will become unstable. However, it is still unlikely that the power of Russia and China will reverse in Central Asia. Above all, the security, historical, and cultural connections between Russia and Central Asia are areas that are difficult for China to catch up with. Therefore, a weakening of Russia's influence compared to the past is inevitable, but its superiority is expected to continue. If Russia breaks away from belligerence and transforms into an attractive cooperative partner, there is a possibility that bilateral relations will take an upward turn again. However, it seems unlikely that such changes and innovations will occur under the Putin regime. Therefore, the biggest obstacle to realizing Putin's goal of reunifying Central Asia is Putin himself.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.103-115
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• 2016

This study aims to analyze the properties of cold air production and its flow of Nakdong-Jeongmaek(mountain ranges), and to suggest management strategies for Nakdong-Jeongmaek in order to enhance the green air conditioning functions of Jeongmaek. For this purpose, three study sites including Gudeoksan Mountain and the vicinity in Busan, Goheonsan Mountain and the vicinity in Ulsan, and Unjusan Mountain and the vicinity in Pohang were selected. The results found that cold air flow and its height of the three study sites were analyzed based on topographic properties and land use. Management strategies for preserving and enhancing their temperature reduction functions were suggested. The cold air produced in the vicinity of Gudeoksan was not fully developed and spread because of the high-density development at the border of Jeongmaek. Since high pressures of development are expected at the border, high conservation policies are required. In the vicinity of Goheonsan, where the agricultural complex and industrial park are located, cold air flows well throughout the entire study site thanks to fully developed cold air in the wide, flat valley. Hence, plans to maintain the current cold air flow are required, and conservation plans to mitigate future developments are also needed in the flat valley. The cold air in Unjusan and the vicinity with its complex and narrow mountain valleys gradually develops into valley bottoms. In order to take advantage of the terrain, the valley near the cold air production areas are preserved. In particular, special plans are required to prevent damage to the cold air layer near Youngcheonho Lake, where the highest height of cold air was recorded due to the closed and lower terrain feature. This study could support the establishment of systematic management plans of Nakdong-Jeongmaek to preserve and enhance its green air conditioning functions.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.31-59
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• 2012

The proliferation of mobile and tablet PC has been collapsing down geographic boundaries. Accordingly, the global cultural and artistic activities and public cultural content exchange have been enlarged. With the spread of Web 2.0, users can easily access a variety of cultural contents. However, each local government develops applicable technical and cultural content service on their own without consulting any best practices or standards. In addition, unlike traditional contents services mobile content services should take into account the characteristics of the environment. It is also necessary to provide personalized contents in a timely manner. In order to accelerate the future mobile environment, this study presents a mobile web service practice that was developed based on the current state for mobile services and a cultural contents derived from standards and effective deployment of the service plan focusing on the case of "The Encyclopedia of Korean Local Culture".

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.71-79
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• 2014

The goal of this study is to estimate economic benefit of restoring ecological stream of Hong Cheon river. The benefit is determined by estimating willingness-to-pay for the value of Hong Cheon river because it is a non-market good which is difficult to be measured in terms of monetary value. Specifically, the spike model, one of the contingent valuation methods, is used to distinguish respondents having zero willingness-to-pay for Hong Cheon river. The results show that a household located near the Hong Cheon river is willing to pay 3,300~4,628 Korean Won per year, while a household not located near the Hong Cheon river is willing to pay 1,308~2,929 Korean Won per year. Thus, total benefit of restoring ecological stream of Hong Cheon river is estimated as 97.6~216.3 billion Korean Won.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.177-184
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• 2016

The age of digital content mainstream consumers in the era of smart technology is expanding compared to the past. Consumers are taking a leading role in the production and distribution of contents in various forms. At the center of this is a post-modern social structure and space that break down the boundaries among Personal Digital Device, contents, production and consumption as a medium. Content rejects the existence of the same thing in the world. The tendency of the main consumer segment and the provision of post modern storytelling that penetrates it creates a huge industry group with various forms of contents. In order to carry out this study, with analyzing examples of movies, games, and advertisements, we found the fact that the center of content creation for individuals made their unique style, excluding generality. As a result of this research, the relationship between the user-driven digital contents and post modern storytelling have been revised the awareness about the possibility of various convergence in the field of contents production.

• Cement Symposium
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• no.5
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• pp.50-51
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• 1977

미 $\cdot$ 일에서 기 개발 운영되고 있는 대형 노천 광산 및 광산 장비 제작 공장에 대한 전반적인 실태 파악을 통하여 향후 대형화로 국제 규모화될 당사 석회석 광산의 운영 및 기술적인 방향을 모색코저 함이 금번 출장의 목적이었다. 이에 당사 광산분야 기술자 6명으로 team을 구성, 76년 하반기에 약 1개월은 미국에서, 약 1개월은 일본에서 양국 굴지의 10여 open pit mine 및 3개 장비 메이카를 방문 견학하였다. 금번 방문결과 다음과 같은 점을 느꼈다. 첫째 금번 당사의 560만톤 증설은 사실상 미 $\cdot$ 일을 앞지르고 국제적으로 굴지의 규모임을 확인할 수 있었고 둘째 광상의 지리적 여건 비교에서는 미국의 것에는 뒤지나 일본의 조건에 비해서는 우리의 것이 결코 악조건이 아니며 세계 특히 일본 석회석 광산업계가 안고 있는 제반문제점의 심각성(광구 경계 인접에 따른 분쟁, 시가지 인접에 따른 공해문제, 개발 여건의 불량 등)에 비추어 볼 때 국내광산 기술자들의 노력 여하에 따라 일본은 충분한 경쟁대상이 될 수 있으며 국내 시멘트업계, 광산의 지리적 지질적 여건상 일본광산보다 더욱 우수한 광산을 만들 수 있다는 자신감을 얻었다. 그러나 첫째 장기적인 측면에서의 광산 개발의 결여, 둘째 맥석과 폐토 처리 및 quarry QC의 불가피성, 셋째 사회적 요소의 낙후(M.S 뇌관부재, 메이카 출장에 의한 장비의 수리, 화약류의 산원(山元) 혼합사용 등) 등은 두드러진 우리의 결함이라고 느꼈으며 이들 결함의 시정, 보완을 위해서 사내외적으로 기존질서의 재검토가 이루어져야 할 것으로 생각된다. 미 $\cdot$ 일 광산에서 일반화되어 있는 radio(walkie-talkie) system 및 electric shovel, 주우시멘트사 산구사무소에서 시도된 belt반전장치, 인력의 확대관리 등은 조기도입하여 실용화 할 수 있는 대상이라 생각하며 일철의 조형산개발(72년 생산 개시, 광산 개발비 200억원, 년산능력 800만톤)은 괄목할만한 것이었다. 또한 앞으로 국내업계 여건이 허락하는 한 광산 기술자의 해외파견 회수를 증가시켜 더 많은 사람들이 직접 보고 느끼어 우리의 것을 개선 창조해 나갈 수 있는 기회를 많이 가져 국내는 물론, 국제 경쟁에 대처할 수 있는 업계 기술자의 자질 향상을 바란다.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.102-118
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• 2015

This study summarized the results of the international ocean reanalysis intercomparison project. We introduced the characteristics of various ocean reanalysis systems and analyzed the assimilated performance on the typical eight oceanic variables (heat content, steric height, sea level, surface heat fluxes, mixed layer depth, subsurface salinity, depth of $20^{\circ}C$ isotherm, sea ice). In general, ensemble means show better estimations than those of any individual ocean reanalysis, but it depends on analyzed regions and variables. Among the eight oceanic variables, salinity and sea ice variabilities have large spreads among models. The deep sea, Southern Ocean, and coastal regions including western boundary current commonly appear as the areas with largest uncertainty between different objective analyses and assimilation models. We expect that intercomparison project for the ocean assimilation models independently operated in Korea should be processed, which allows us to join relevant international programs in the near future.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.465-472
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• 2012

Recently, as the development of water front and natural type river is gradually increasing, it is mostly the case in that the flow analysis is implemented by only the flood level of the starting point without the tidal effect when the flood water level of the starting point is highly estimated than the high tidal water level in the design of river adjacent to an estuary. This research has analyzed the variation of tidal current for Oncheon river in Busan using Delft-3D program, considering that the tidal effect can cause the change of the flood water level of the starting point although the flood water level is higher than the flood tide level. As a result, considering the tidal effect at downstream boundary condition, water level indicates a periodicity of tide in particular region and the fluctuation range of water level is extended to upstream.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.431-443
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• 2017

This study explored factors influencing socialization of child care. Political ideology and age were found as major predicting factors of socialization of care. Age, especially, was confirmed as an important predicting factor of socialization of care. Also, those with more progressive political ideology had the higher level of socialization of care. This finding reassured that socialization of care were considered as political issues in Korea. Income did not predict socialization of care, although it is said that a tax increase provoked conflicts between socioeconomic classes. Issues of caring were shared among people regardless of income levels. Therefore, specific interventions are necessary for preventing caring issues from using as a political lever, overcoming value differences between generations, and promoting social integration.