• 프린팅코리아
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• v.11 no.8
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• pp.126-131
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• 2012

경기침체 및 가격경쟁으로 인해 인쇄사는 이제 내수만이 아닌 수출을 위해 눈을 돌려야 한다. 하지만 인쇄물 수출에 대해서는 경험이 없이 어려움을 겪고 있는 인쇄인들이 많다. 이에 대한인쇄문화협회는 문화체육관광부의 지원을 받아 최근 인쇄물 수출 전문가 과정을 위한 '인쇄물 무역실무' 교재를 개발했다. 교재는 ${\blacktriangle}$무역실무 ${\blacktriangle}$인쇄물 견적 및 계약서 작성 ${\blacktriangle}$대금결제 방식 및 무역방법에 따른 가격조건 ${\blacktriangle}$수출 인쇄물 생산 및 통관절차 ${\blacktriangle}$인쇄물 수출 사례 ${\blacktriangle}$해외시장 개척 및 확대 방안 ${\blacktriangle}$부록으로 구성돼 있다. 본지에서는 인쇄물 무역실무에 게재된 내용을 정리해 연재한다.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.285-294
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• 2010

As there are increasing number of tunneling works these days, shotcrete is used as primary supports in order to secure the stability of tunnels. The quality of shotcrete has a direct influence on tunnels, because it is a primary support which secures the stability of completed tunnels as well as the stability of tunnels under excavation. Especially in case that ordinary shotcrete is used under weak rock conditions or at water gushing sections, more shotcrete is needed and rebound ratio increases. As a result, it is hard to keep economic feasibility. In addition to it, in subway construction, there are cases of separated excavation and it may have a bad influence on construction period or quality. Therefore, in this study, we are going to evaluate the early strength of powder type accelerator.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.23-38
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• 2021

This paper investigated the preference change of payment terms in international trade along with counteroffer or first offer conditions of the other parties. Studies on trade payment terms have mainly focused on payment term determination factors such as firm size, product price level, country credit rate, etc. We tried to find other factors affecting payment terms choice, during the negotiation process. We applied behavioral economics theories such as 'Status Quo Bias' and 'Anchoring effect' to build our research model. To prove the existence of the above effects, we proceeded with field experiments to the exporting companies in Alibaba.com. Both 'Status Quo Bias' and 'Anchoring effect' were found in the field experiment. Most of the exporting companies preferred traditional payment methods to new payment methods. And an initial request for a low advance payment ratio led to a lower advance payment ratio. Also, the experience of using new payment methods could diminish status quo bias. This paper applied behavioral economics theories and field experiment methodology to the payment term studies in international trades. These attempts could contribute to expanding the diversity of methodology and scope of international trade studies.

• The Journal of Information Technology
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.35-52
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• 1999

This study introduced the new technologies that are expanding the realm of electronic commerce to the Internet and small business. Each of the key components of electronic commerce(contracts, signatures, notaries, payment systems and adult trails)are supported in the new electronic commerce. Electronic commerce is more than just handling purchase transactions and funds transfers over the internet. Despite Electronic commerce's past roots in transactions between large corporations, banks, and other financial institutions, the use of the internet as a way to bring Electronic commerce to the individual consumer has led to shift in viewpoint. Over the past few years, both the press and the business community have increased their focus on Electronic commerce involving the consumer Effective payment system should be established for the internet commerce. In this study, we examined the current development and application of Electronic payment system. Two different payment systems are used and under application. One is IC-card type of payment system which has gained popularity in England, Hong-Kong, and many other countries as a substitution of cash. The other type of payment system is e-cash, which is used more conveniently for the payment through internet. The question of which method is better fitted for the internet commerce should be evaluated in the view of cost and benefit since the associated technology is still under evolution. This study conducted a study on Secure Payment Method & Security Technology of Electronic Commerce

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.167-183
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• 2016

This study has recognized easy payment service as one of the new types of application of information and communication technologies and proposed a modified acceptance intention model by adding perceived risk factor based on the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology(UTAUT) and then explored those variables that effect the acceptance intention of consumers. The results of this study can be summarized as the followings. First, expectation on the efforts, social impact have positive effect on the acceptance intention and perceived risk has negative effect on the acceptance intention but expectation on the efforts and promotion condition were found to have no effect on the acceptance intention. Second, among the factors suggested, social impact was found to have more effect of causing the acceptance intention of users than expectation on the efforts and perceived risk. Third, it was found that there is a significant association between the acceptance intention and use behavior of users of easy payment service. This means that, as was reviewed in the preceding researches, the acceptance intention affects actual acceptance behavior of users either directly or indirectly. Fourth, even though innovation resistance has regulation effect on the relationship between expectation on efforts or social impact and acceptance intention, it was found to have no regulation effect on the relationship between perceived risk and acceptance intention.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.345-366
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• 2012

The country using factoring actively today is England. The history of factoring could throw back to the Middle Ages, but modern factoring was developed in colonial age of the United States and it was known throughout England in 1960s. At the beginning, it performed mercantile agent who works in local area in order to get rid of uncertainty and inconvenience of a distant trade, but it was getting developed into a today's factoring system which focusing more on financial function. The factoring is called 'account receivable financing' in the United States and it is started out as sales agent and getting developed to 'del credere agent' who guarantee the payment. The activities of factors have been expanded to not only consignment sale and payment guarantees but also advance financing service. However, at the end of the 19th century, the direct sales(direct marketing) was expanded by the development of telecommunication and transportation technology, and then the marketing service by factor was degraded, but the collection of payment and advance finance had been maintained until now and developed into today's factoring system. Especially, the establishment of Uniform Commercial Code in 1931 had formed the basis for activating factoring in the United States through preparing a legal basis of factoring. Due to changes of international trade environment, most of commercial bank in Korea have to deal with export factoring as a trade finance service and it is desirable to specialize as a financing for small and medium company.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.247-269
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• 2014

This study is to present alternatives of strategical utilization of e-L/C in respective of transaction cost. Documentary credit is most used for trade importers' credit quality and the guarantee of the purchase price as the form of payment in export and import business dealings. The beneficiary must provide the documents required in a letter of credit in order to claim payment documents from the issuing bank, this leads to certain complexity during the procedure in practice, the preparation and the expenses of significant requirements and additional documents as well as in completing demands from the credit. In a result, there has been issues raised about the aspects of time and cost during the payment process. The outcome of such problems caused by delays in the existing trade procedure is the public to require the use of e-L/C in order to improve problems from the 'Transaction Cost' side. This study provides e-L/C's use to overcome the problems that are appearing from 'Transaction Cost' side as the aspect of time and the cost. In order to do so, we have to identify the problems in the original credit and e-L/C. Thus, provide the propose strategy of e-L/C from the Transaction Cost aspect.

• Journal of Service Research and Studies
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.146-160
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• 2023

The spread of non-face-to-face services due to the COVID-19 pandemic has brought many changes in consumers' purchasing behavior and attracted much attention to new services. Could trying new services caused by this sudden environmental change alter consumers's choice patterns? This study proposes the research question of whether these new service experiences can change consumers' existing choice behavior, especially for risk-averse consumers who maintain their existing choice behavior or prefer safe alternatives. In this study, we examined whether trying out an unmanned payment services, one of innovative services that emerged after the pandemic crisis, can change the existing choice behavior of risk-averse consumers, i.e., make them more likely to prefer risky alternatives to safe alternatives. To accomplish these research goals, this research conducted one pilot survey and one study. The results of pilot survey showed that the stronger the prevention-focus tendency, the lower the self-efficacy to use the innovative service, with a negative relationship between them. Based on these findings, the study used an experimental method to examine the interaction effects between the use of innovation services and consumers' regulatory focus in a choice behavior and to explore the psychological mechanisms behind them. According to the results, it is found that prevention-focused consumers were more likely to choose risky alternatives and dissimilar extended brands following a trial of an unmanned payment service compared to not using that service. In contrast, promotion-focused consumers did not show different choice patterns regardless of following a trial of an innovative service. Furthermore, these results for prevention-focused consumers confirm the role of self-efficacy as a psychological mechanism. These findings shed light on the role of self-efficacy which has discussed in positive psychology into marketing area. Moreover, practical and academic implications are suggested by the finding that behavioral change occurs in risk-averse consumers, who are known to be hesitant to try new behaviors, indicating market expansion related to potential consumers for the use of the innovation services.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.244-246
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• 2000

최근 인터넷을 매개체로 하여 디지털 정보 상품들의 거래를 행하는 새로운 지불 시스템이 요구되고 있다. 이는 기존의 지불 시스템들을 디지털 정보 상품 거래에 적용시키기 어렵기 때문이다. 기존의 지불 시스템들은 어느 정도의 큰 액수를 다루는 대액지불 방식들이므로 각각의 개별 정보들의 거래를 위해서 사용되어진다면 정보 상품 거래의 이익보다 운영 비용이 더 크므로 경제성이 없게 된다. 그리하여, 최근에 인터넷에서의 소액의 디지털 정보 상품들의 거래에만 사용되어질 새로운 소액지불 시스템들이 연구되고 있고 몇 가지 방식들이 제안되었다. 그러나, 제안된 소액지불 시스템들은 불필요한 계좌 생성, 관리와 지불된 모든 소액 화폐의 집합(aggregation), 저장이라는 문제점을 가지고 있다. 이들 문제점들은 많은 부담을 주는 전자사인 등과 함께 소액지불 시스템의 운영비용을 크게 늘리는 항목이다. 그러므로, 효율적인 소액지불 시스템은 적적한 보안, 값싼 핵심 메커니즘의 구성과 함께 이들 문제점들을 해결해야만 한다. 이에 본 연구는 인터넷 전자상거래를 가능하게 해 줄 소액대금결제 방식인 PayHash 시스템을 설계하였다. 이 시스템은 값싼 화폐 생성 메커니즘과 적절한 보안을 가지고 있고 필요 없는 계좌 생성과 지불 값들의 집합, 저장을 피함으로써 소액지불 시스템으로서의 조건을 만족시키고 있다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Database Society Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.131-141
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• 2000

e-business 시대를 맞아 시스템을 단기간에 개발하는 Needs 는 더욱더 높아지고 있다. e-business 시스템은 단순히 Business 를 Support 하는 것 뿐만 아니라 시스템 자체가 고객에게 Appeal 하고 거래처로부터 주문을 받아 자재를 조달하고 자금의 결제를 수행한다. 요컨대 시스템 자체가 Business 그 자체가 된다 시스템이 Business 그 자체가 되기 위해서는 Business 전략의 입안부터 시스템 실제 장착에 의한 실현까지 Time Lag 를 최소한이 아니면 안된다. 어떻게 e-business 시스템을 단기간에 개발하는가가 Business 성공전략의 Point 이다 그러나 우리들은 e-business 시스템의 개발에 대해 충분한 경험을 가지고 있다고는 할 수 없고 확립된 방법론도 아니다. e-business 를 곧바로라도 시작하고 싶다는 경영 Needs 가 있다고 해도 무엇부터 착수해야 좋을지 조차 알 수 없는 것이 실상일 것이다. 그래서 본 팀에서는 Host시대에 제창된 $\ulcorner$단기간$\lrcorner$ $\ulcorner$저비용$\lrcorner$ $\ulcorner$고품질$\lrcorner$인 개발을 목표로 하는 개발방법론인 RAD 에 주목하여 e-business 시스템의 개발에 적용할 수 없는지 검토하였다. 본 논문에서는 1,2 장에서 RAD, e-business 의 개요에 대해 각각 정리한다. 다음에 3장에서 e-business 시스템을 개발하는 중에 나타날 거라고 생각되는 문제점을 선출하고 요건 정의, 설계ㆍ 개발ㆍ 테스트라는 시스템 개발의 각 국면에 따라 제시하겠다. 4 장에서는 3장에서 제기한 각각의 문제점에 대해 RAD 의 관점에 비추어 e-business 시스템의 단기개발을 실현하기 위한 고려사항이나 조건 해결책을 제안한다. 본 논문이 지금부터 e-business 를 시작하려고 하는 분, e-business 시스템의 개발을 시작하려고 하는 분께 단기간의 e-business 실현을 위한 하나의 지침이 된다면 다행이겠다.