• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.2020-2028
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• 2015

This study was conducted in order to identify factors influencing maternal-fetal attachment among pregnant women, considering the factors presented in Mercer's theory: Becoming a Mother(pregnancy stress, self-esteem, dyadic adjustment, sense of mastery, antepartum stress). The data was collected through structured questionnaires from 140 pregnant women who visited the obstetric clinic and public health centers in a metropolitan area to have prenatal tests from August 23th to November 25th 2014. The data were analyzed by SPSS 20 software using descriptive statistics, the t-test, ANOVA, the Pearson's correlation coefficients and a stepwise multiple regression. The results were as follows: Maternal-fetal attachment in the group of pregnant women under 30 years of age was significantly higher than that in the group of over the age of 31(t=2.79,p=.004). Primiparas had higher maternal-fetal attachment than multiparas(F=3.27, p=.041). There was a negative correlation between pregnancy stress(r=-0.22, p=.009) and maternal-fetal attachment. Self-esteem (r=0.45, p<.001), dyadic adjustment(r=0.42, p<.001), sense of mastery(r=0.24, p=.005) and maternal-fetal attachment were, however, positively correlated. It was found that self-esteem, dyadic adjustment and age were some of the factors influencing maternal-fetal attachment among pregnant women. These variables explained 26.1% of the variance in maternal-fetal attachment. Findings of this study indicate needs for comprehension and assessment of self-esteem and dyadic adjustment in pregnant women through prenatal tests. Also, the intervention programs to improve maternal-fetal attachment among older mothers should be developed and implemented.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.11
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• pp.94-103
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• 2016

This study was conducted to investigate the association of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) with all-cause mortality among populations. The data used were from a Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES) based on health examinations and questionnaires. The subjects consisted of 10,110 persons aged 40 and over. Hazard ratio was analyzed using Cox's proportional hazard model. The hazard ratio of AST (${\geq}50.0\;IU/L$) was 2.198 (95% CI: 1.217-3.971) after being adjusted for age, sex, education, regular exercise, smoking, drinking, WHR, and TG. In conclusion, AST was an independent significant risk factor of all-cause mortality, and ALT showed a tendency to increase. Overall, these findings indicate that AST and ALT may be useful tools for predicting mortality.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.472-480
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• 2018

This study was conducted to examine cognitive function and the ability for occupational participation in patients with mild and moderate dementia and to identify correlations between these two variables. The study investigated 95 dementia patients who visited a day care center in Daegu between September and November, 2017. Their detailed cognitive functions were examined using the Mini-Mental State Examination-Korean (MMSE-K) and the Korean Version of the Loewenstein Occupational Therapy Cognitive Assessment Geriatric population: LOTCA-G. Their occupational participation was measured using the Model of Human Occupation Screening Tool (MOHOST). The subjects' cognitive functions and abilities for occupational participation were analyzed using the descriptive statistics produced by the SPSS 20.0 program. In addition, Pearson correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlations between the cognitive functions of the subjects and their abilities for occupational participation. The results of the study showed positive correlations between cognitive function and the ability for occupational participation of patients with mild and moderate dementia. Based on the results of this study, the evaluation of the patients with dementia and ability for occupational participation related to the cognitive function in establishing the therapeutic goal should be considered.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.18C no.5
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• pp.331-338
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• 2011

The RFID system includes a section of wireless communication between the readers and the tags. Because of its vulnerability in terms of security, this part is always targeted by attackers and causes various security problems including the leakage of secret and the invasion of privacy. In response to these problems, various protocols have been proposed, but because many of them have been hardly implementable they have been limited to theoretical description and theorem proving without the accurate verification of their safety. Thus, this study tested whether the protocol proposed by Kenji et al. satisfies security requirements, and identified its vulnerabilities such as the exposure of IDs and messages. In addition, we proposed an improved RFID security protocol that reduced the number of public keys and random numbers. As one of its main characteristics, the proposed protocol was designed to avoid unnecessary calculations and to remove vulnerabilities in terms of security. In order to develop and verify a safe protocol, we tested the protocol using Casper and FDR(Failure Divergence Refinements) and confirmed that the proposed protocol is safe in terms of security. Furthermore, the academic contributions of this study are summarized as follows. First, this study tested the safety of a security protocol through model checking, going beyond theorem proving. Second, this study suggested a more effective method for protocol development through verification using FDR.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.82-89
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• 2002

The inherent strain method is known to be very effective in predicting the plate deformation by line heating. Traditionally the inherent strain regions have been determined from the temperature distribution and the phase transformation regions(Ac3) of welding experiments. Since the phenomena of line heating are similar to those of welding, the experimental results under the same welding conditions have been applied directly to line heating analysis. The results cannot, however, reflect the effect of heating pattern and plate thickness. Besides, water-cooling in the actual heating process can alter the steel's phase to martensite and shear plastic deformation occurs during the transformation. In this study, the experimental measurement of temperature distribution was substituted with a transient heat transfer analysis using FEM so that we could obtain the temperature distribution according to heat flux models of the heating pass. In order to consider plastic strains occurring additionally under phase transformation, inherent strain regions were assumed to be limited to the eutectoid temperature(Ac1). Using the regions, plate deformations could be predicted to validate our method and the results were in good agreement with the experimental ones

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.117-122
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• 2010

We investigated the effect of rice particle size on the physicochemical properties of fish porridge. The pH of porridge did not differ with particle size. The redness, yellowness, and viscosity of fish porridge increased as particle size increased. The protein content of fish porridge was increased three-fold, compared with that of porridgethat did not contain fish. The total amino acid content of fish porridge was 1,610.5 mg/100 g and that of rice porridge 1,147.5 mg/100g. The Lysand Thr (these are limiting amino acids in rice) contents of fish porridge were greater than in rice porridge. In sensory evaluation tests, half-grain rice fish porridge obtained the highest scores. Based on these results, we would suggest that fish porridge made using half-grain rice has valuable physicochemical and nutritional properties.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.101-109
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• 2014

It is an essential element for the establishment of image processing related systems to find the exact contour from the image of an arbitrary object. In particular, if a vision system is established to inspect the products in the automated production process, it is very important to detect the contours for standardized shapes such lines and curves. In this paper, we propose a prototype adaptive dynamic contour model, p-Snake with improved contour extraction algorithms by adding the prototype energy. The proposed method is to find the initial contour by applying the existing Snake algorithm after Sobel operation is performed for prototype analysis. Next, the final contour of the object is detected by analyzing prototypes such as lines and circles, defining prototype energy and using it as an additional energy item in the existing Snake function on the basis of information on initial contour. We performed experiments on 340 images obtained by using an environment that duplicated the background of an industrial site. It was found that even if objects are not clearly distinguished from the background due to noise and lighting or the edges being insufficiently visible in the images, the contour can be extracted. In addition, in the case of similarity which is the measure representing how much it matches the prototype, the prototype similarity of contour extracted from the proposed p-ACM is superior to that of ACM by 9.85%.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics S
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• v.35S no.12
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• pp.109-120
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• 1998

An image segmentation approach based on the fuzzy worm searching and MIN-MAX clustering algorithm is proposed in this paper. This algorithm deals with fuzzy worm value and min-max node at a gross scene level, which investigates the edge information including fuzzy worm action and spatial relationship of the pixels as the parameters of its objective function. But the conventional segmentation methods for edge extraction generally need the mask information for the algebraic model, and take long run times at mask operation, whereas the proposed algorithm has single operation according to active searching of fuzzy worms. In addition, we also propose both genetic fuzzy worm searching and genetic min-max clustering using genetic algorithm to complete clustering and fuzzy searching on grey-histogram of image for the optimum solution, which can automatically determine the size of ranges and has both strong robust and speedy calculation. The simulation results showed that the proposed algorithm adaptively divided the quantized images in histogram region and performed single searching methods, significantly alleviating the increase of the computational load and the memory requirements.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.30-38
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• 2008

Dental pulp cells are assumed to possess the capacity to elaborate both bone and dentin matrix under the pathological conditions following tooth injury. The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) on various gene expression regarding dentinogenesis and cell viability assay in cultured primary human dental pulp cells. The author also examined the effects of this material on cellular alkaline phosphatase activity as a potential indicator of dentinogenesis. For gene expression on MTA, reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction was performed using primer sets of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, type I collagen, alkaline phosphatase(ALP), osteonectin, and dentin sialoprotein after 2 and 4 days. Cell viability assay showed that the proportion of MTA-treated pulp cells which had been exposed for 5 days to MTA was higher than that of the control cells. Among the genes investigated in this study, ALP and osteonectin(SPARC) were increased in MTA treated group than in control. These findings suggest that this dental pulp culture system may be useful in the future as a model for studying the mechanisms underlying dentin regeneration after the treatment with MTA. Exposure to MTA material would not induce cytotoxic response in the dental pulp cells. In addition, MTA could influence the behavior of human pulp cells by increasing the ALP activity and SPARC synthesis.

• Journal of the Korean Geophysical Society
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.161-174
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• 2000

Bayesian inversion is a stable approach to infer the subsurface structure with the limited data from geophysical explorations. In geophysical inverse process, due to the finite and discrete characteristics of field data and modeling process, some uncertainties are inherent and therefore probabilistic approach to the geophysical inversion is required. Bayesian framework provides theoretical base for the confidency and uncertainty analysis for the inference. However, most of the Bayesian inversion require the integration process of high dimension, so massive calculations like a Monte Carlo integration is demanded to solve it. This method, though, seemed suitable to apply to the geophysical problems which have the characteristics of highly non-linearity, we are faced to meet the promptness and convenience in field process. In this study, by the Gaussian approximation for the observed data and a priori information, fast Bayesian inversion scheme is developed and applied to the model problem with electric well logging and dipole-dipole resistivity data. Each covariance matrices are induced by geostatistical method and optimization technique resulted in maximum a posteriori information. Especially a priori information is evaluated by the cross-validation technique. And the uncertainty analysis was performed to interpret the resistivity structure by simulation of a posteriori covariance matrix.