• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.217-224
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• 2019

Phthalates, endocrine disrupting chemicals, are similar in structure to sex hormones and mainly show reproductive toxicity and developmental toxicity. In this study, we analyzed 11 phthalates, including 3 kinds of phthalates prohibited in cosmetic use and 8 kinds of phthalates regulated in 'Common standards for children's products safety' and EU cosmetic regulation (EC No. 1223/2009). The phthalate analysis was optimized using GC-MS/MS. In analytical method validation, this method was satisfied in specificity, linearity, recovery rate, accuracy and MQL. Therefore, we used this method to analyze 82 products of Nail cosmetics & polish. Although six phthalates such as DBP, BBP, DEHP, DPP, DIBP and DIDP were detected at concentrations of $1.0{\sim}59.8{\mu}g/g$g, they were suitable to Korean cosmetic standards. DIBP and DBP were detected at concentration of $1.1{\sim}2.6{\mu}g/g$ in artificial nail, DBP and DEHP were $1.4{\sim}2.5{\mu}g/g$ in glue for nails, and DIBP, DBP, and DEHP were $2.5{\sim}33.3{\mu}g/g$ in nail stickers. Although substances such as DBP and DEHP in artificial nail, Glue for nails, and nail stickers were detected, they were suitable to 'Common safety standards for children's products. DIBP is not a regulated substance in Korea but showed the third highest detection rate following DBP (84.6%) and DEHP (63.4%). The concentration of phthalates detected in nail products is considered to be safe in current standards but continuous monitoring and research about non-regulated substances are also needed to be considered.

• Korean Architects
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• no.4 s.348
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• pp.88-91
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• 1998

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.19-25
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• 2004

Purpose: To compare the results of two different autografts used to reconstruct the anterior cruciate ligament(ACL): bone-patellar tendon-bone and quadruple hamstring tendon. Materials and Methods: Forty one cases (20 bone-patellar tendon-bone cases and 21 quadruple hamstring tendon cases) were followed up more than 2 years postoperatively. Patellar tendons were fixed with interference screws and hamstring tendons were fixed with cross pins and intrafix sheaths and screws. Follow-up results were evaluated with KT-2000 arthrometer, International knee Documentation Committee(IKDC) evaluation form and follow up X-ray Donor site morbidity was analysed. Results: Final IKDC) scores more than B grade and side to side differences of manual maximum test using KT-2000 arthrometer showed insignificant differences(p>) between the two groups. Plain radiographs of hamstring group showed marked widening of the femoral and tibial tunnels at postoperative 2 years. Patellar tendon group showed 30% rate of anterior knee complications. Conclusion: ACL reconstruction using autogenous hamstring graft with new fixation method showed comparable clinical results to using autogenous patellar tendon graft with fewer anterior knee symptoms.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.244-250
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• 2019

We investigated the relationship between morphological characteristics and individual dry weight to develop a method for estimating the individual dry weight of sheet form macroalgae: Ulva australis, Ulva linza, Pachymeniopsis lanceolata, and Pyropia yezoensis. In Total, 319 thalli of various sizes were collected at six sites from February 2017 to December 2018. An interspecific allometric exponent of 0.28 was found for length-biomass allometry in four sheet form macroalgae, corresponding to a 1/4-power law for primary producers. The relationships between surface area and individual dry weight, as well as between individual fresh weight and individual dry weight, were found to fit significantly using linear regression equations. This explained 94-99 % of individual dry weight, indicating that surface area and individual fresh weight can be used to accurately estimate individual dry weight. We propose the use of this method when experimental processes do not allow individual dry weight to be measured directly, so researchers can save both time and expense.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.60-63
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• 2002

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to introduce new femoral fixation technique using a cross-pin and a bioabsorbable interference screw in hamstring ACL reconstruction. Method : Semitendinosus and gracilis were harvested for quadrapled graft. After tibial tunnel had been made, femoral tunnel was made 35 mm in depth. Then the graft passed through the tunnels. Cross-pin was fixed through the drill hole which had been made through upper sleeve of the Rigidfix system. While pulling the graft, bioabsorbable interference screw was fixed through the anteromedial portal. Conclusion : We introduced the new femoral fixation technique using a cross-pin and a bioabsorbable interference screw as a good method with high fixation strength and tight graft-bone contact.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.675-678
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• 2008

A 42-year-old male was admitted because of an anterior neck injury due to accidental firing of a nail gun. On chest X-ray, the nail was stuck in the anterior neck, migrated to the chest, and then to the abdomen. Only the trachea was damaged, leaving no injury in the esophagus. The nail in the intestine was removed by colonoscopy. The patient showed complete recovery without complications after fasting and conservative treatment. We report this case with a literature review.

• Journal of Korea Fair Competition Federation
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• no.164
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• pp.96-109
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• 2012

대법원이 2012년 7월부터 8월까지 사이에 선고한 일부 판결을 소개한다. 대법원으로서는 위 기간 동안 네 분의 대법관님이 퇴임하시는 등 업무적으로 공백이 있었다. 법리적으로 큰 의미가 있는 사건은 아니지만 사례판결로서 의미가 있는 판결이 몇 건 선고되어 이를 소개한다. 그러나 글의 마지막 부분에서는 많은 주목을 받았던 10년 공공임대주택의 표준임대차계약서 조항에 관한 판결을 소개하기로 한다.

• LP가스
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• s.79
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• pp.6-8
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• 2002

현재 프로판은 산동네, 달동네, 도서, 벽시 등 저소득층이 사용하고 있으나 특별소비세가 부과되고 있어 당초 특소세의 부과취지와 맞지 않을 뿐만 아니라 중산층이상이 사용하고 있는 도시가스와의 가격격차가 더욱 벌어지는 등 문제점이 있다는 지적이다. 이에 우리회는 최근 프로판의 특소세를 폐지해줄 것을 재정경제부와 국회 재경위원들에게 건의한 바 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.51-56
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• 2015

This paper presents an investigation of abnormal wear of a contact jig between a nail and a nail fixture in electric resistance welding. To perform an analysis on the abnormal wear phenomenon, several methods are provided. Based on the theory of electric resistance welding, are analyzed. Using microscopic analysis, surface craters are observed. In the measurement of the electric current flow in the nail fixture, the current flow distribution is measured. From several analyses, the cause of abnormal wear in the contact jig is measured using the electric discharge of high current density at the inflow point of the electric supply to the nail fixture. An alternative shape for normal wear is proposed.

• Nuclear industry
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.66-71
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• 2010

도시바(Toshiba)는 설계 인가(DA)를 신청하기 위해 U.S. NRC 4S(Super-Safe, Small and Simple)에 대한 사전 검토를 착수했다. NRC와의 공식 회의가 DA 허가를 준비하기 위하여 네 차례 연속하여 개최되었고 4건의 기술보고서가 NRC에 제출되었다. 공식 회의에서 NRC는 소듐냉각고속로뿐만 아니라 4S 특성에 관한 많은 질의와 언급이 있었다. 본고에서는 일반적인 소듐냉각고속로에 적용되는 일반 항목들과 면허와 관련된 이슈들을 기술하였다.