• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.31-38
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• 2013

The pressurized smoke control system is important for fire safety in building because it is directly concerned with egress time of people. Even though the damper plays an essential role in the pressurized smoke control system, the phenomena of backflow smoke occurs for a certain the damper position. The research for a position of damper effects on distribution of air flow at the fire door is not performed. In this study, numerical simulation using FDS 5.5 was carried out to analyze the effect of the position of damper on flow distribution at the fire door. To simulate real situation, effects of opening and closing of fire door was considered. As a result, when HRR was between 200 kW and 400 kW, in the case which the damper was on the opposite wall of the fire door, the back flow to the vestibules was large compared to the two other cases of damper position. But when HRR was above 400 kW, Effect on damper position was not occurred.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.71-75
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• 2015

Recently, Since buildings are bigger and higher, the damage of human life can be increased by fire flame and smoke in fire. Smoke control system is necessary to decrease this damage. Therefore, Air supply pressurization smoke control system is applied to vestibule of escape stairway. NFSC requires pressure differential of 40 Pa~60 Pa, but pressure differential is over 60 Pa in the field. It is known that the cause of this over pressure differential is much leakage of damper. Over pressure differential can bad effect to escaper by pressurizing the door. Analyze the real leakage of damper by testing for identifying this problems. The result of testing, leakage is $0.090m^3/s{\sim}0.154m^3/s$. It is necessary to limit the leakage of dampers for safe of escapers.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.66-74
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• 2009

As building heights increase, so do these challenges in Korea. High-rise buildings present a variety of challenges to fire safety and protection. The fire protection technology in our country is still on a weak situation which is mainly due to the lack of concerns by the government, companies and citizen. This paper provides general guidance regarding fire-related property protection system for high-rise building performance based design. The importance of high-rise building in of the number of occupants, the value of property, and the a catastrophic loss would have on the community all warrant an increased level of protection and life safety. Because, We have to prepare a new spacial code and standard guidance for fire protection at the stage of the high-rise building design.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.83-91
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to assess a fire-damaged concrete structure using a digital camera and image processing software. To simulate it, mortar and paste samples of W/C=0.5(general strength) and 0.3(high strength) were put into an electric furnace and simulated from $100^{\circ}C$ to $1000^{\circ}C$. Here, the paste was processed into a powder to measure CIELAB chromaticity, and the samples were taken with a digital camera. The RGB chromaticity was measured by color intensity analyzer software. As a result, the residual compressive strength of W/C=0.5 and 0.3 was 87.2 % and 86.7 % at the heating temperature of $400^{\circ}C$. However there was a sudden decrease in strength at the temperature above $500^{\circ}C$, while the residual compressive strength of W/C=0.5 and 0.3 was 55.2 % and 51.9 % of residual strength. At the temperature $700^{\circ}C$ or higher, W/C=0.5 and W/C=0.3 show 26.3% and 27.8% of residual strength, so that the durability of the structure could not be secured. The results of $L^*a^*b$ color analysis show that $b^*$ increases rapidly after $700^{\circ}C$. It is analyzed that the intensity of yellow becomes strong after $700^{\circ}C$. Further, the RGB analysis found that the histogram kurtosis and frequency of Red and Green increases after $700^{\circ}C$. It is analyzed that number of Red and Green pixels are increased. Therefore, it is deemed possible to estimate the degree of damage by checking the change in yellow($b^*$ or R+G) when analyzing the chromaticity of the fire-damaged concrete structures.

• Explosives and Blasting
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.15-26
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• 2022

With the recent increase in old and dangerous buildings, the demand for technology in the field of structure demolition is rapidly increasing. In particular, in the case of structures with severe deformation of damage, there is a risk of deterioration in stability and disaster due to changes in the load distribution characteristics in the structure, so rapid structure demolition technology that can be efficiently dismantled in a short period of time is drawing attention. However, structural deformation such as unauthorized extension or illegal remodeling occurs frequently in many old structures, which is not reflected in structural information such as building drawings, and acts as an obstacle in the demolition design process. In this study, as an effective way to overcome the discrepancy between the structural information of old structures and the actual structure, access to actual structures through 3D modeling was considered. 3D point cloud data inside and outside the building were obtained through LiDAR and drone photography for buildings scheduled to be blasting demolition, and precision matching between the two spatial data groups was performed using an open-source based spatial information construction system. The 3D structure model was completed by importing point cloud data matched with 3D modeling software to create structural drawings for each layer and forming each member along the structure slab, pillar, beam, and ceiling boundary. In addition, the modeling technique proposed in this study was verified by comparing it with the actual measurement value for selected structure member.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Disaster Information Conference
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.223-224
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• 2022

노후주거시설의 개보수의 필요성이 대두 되고 있으나 관련법규의 제약에 의해 내 외부 미관수선 정도에 그치고 있는 것이 현실이다. 그래 조금 나은 동선과 공간으로 수선시 법을 위반하여 불법 건축물로 낙인되어 지는 것이다. 경제적인 여유가 없는 노령층등 사회적 약자가 거주하는 공간은 더욱 더 열약하여 화장실, 주방, 수평이동 통로, 승강기등의 편의시설과 붕괴, 침하, 화재, 폭발, 오염등의 안전을 위협하는 위험요소의 제거등이 당장 필요하여도 미봉에 그치는 경우가 다반사이다. 또 이러한 노후 건물의 개보수는 신, 개축 보다 어렵고 비용도 많이 들면서 그 효과도 미미한 것이 사실이나 당장 신, 개축하기에는 관련 법규에 저촉되거나 주변 여건에 부합하지 않아 실시 할 수 없는 경우가 많아 이를 개선하고 합리적인 롤 모델을 만들고 필요하다면 관련법령도 정비할 필요가 있는 것이다. 노후되지 않아도 현시점에서 생활의 불편함을 느껴 개선할 필요가 있는 경우도 관련 법규의 유연함이 필요할 것이다. 본 연구는 이러한 노후 주거 시설 및 현실 여건에 맞지않는 주거 시설을 보다 쉽고 합리적으로 개 보수할 수 있는 여건이 조성되도록 관련 건축법령의 개선, 또 경제적 여유가 없는 저소득층의 개보수여건을 개선할 수 있는 정부지원방안, 이러한 노후 주거시설의 개보수가 부동산 시장에 어떠한 영향을 초래할 수 있는지를 기존 연구들과 비교하여 합리적인 방안을 도출하고저 함.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.38-47
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• 2018

In this study, we compare the engineering seismic design method considering the physical properties of piping materials and the specification-oriented design method according to the seismic design standards of fire fighting equipment. In the case of the seismic design method considering the physical properties of piping materials, the safety of the piping will be analyzed through the combined value of the torsional stress and the bending stress generated in the piping. However, in the case of the design-centered design method, instead of the safety of the piping material, it calculates the moving force of the pipe and interprets whether or not the shaking prevention strut can bear. Fire extinguishing equipment piping is possible through safety analysis of stress and displacement of piping material because piping safety can not be secured via unstable force generated in a certain section with one connected structure is there. Therefore, it is necessary to apply analytical method considering seismic performance of building structure and material properties of piping for seismic design of safe fire extinguishing system piping.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.79-87
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• 2014

In order to foster rapid disaster response and public life protection, National Emergency Management Agency has been trying to spread 'Emergency Rescue Standard System' on a national scale since 2006. The agency has also intensified management of firefighter's safety on disaster site by implementing danger predication training, specialized training and education and safety procedure check as a part of safety management officer duties. Nevertheless, there are limitations for effective fire fighting steps, such as damage spreading and life damage due to unawareness of illegal converted structure, structure transformation by high temperature and nearby hazardous material storage as well as extemporary situation handling endangered firefighter's life. In order to eliminate these limitations there is a need for an effort and technology application to minimize human errors such as inaccurate situational awareness, wrong decision built on experience and judgment of field commander and firefighters. The purpose of this study is to propose a new disaster response model which is applied with geospatial information. we executed spatial contextual awareness map analysis using fire-fighting vulnerable zone model to propose the new disaster response model and also examined a case study for Dalseo-gu in Daegu Metropolitan City. Finally, we also suggested operational concept of new proposed model on a national scale.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.33-38
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• 2015

Loads applied on the floor are transferred through beams to columns. The beams can be designed as both end fixed or simple beams. The load bearing capacity of a beam depends on each boundary condition. However, when the load bearing capacity of a beam is evaluated in fire tests, all kinds of beams are tested using simple beam conditions. In this study, an analytical method performed using heat transfer theory and heat stress analysis based on the mechanical and thermal properties of SS-400 steel at high temperature. This method was used to clarify the differences between the two types of boundary conditions at normal and high temperature. The results show that the load bearing capacity of a both-end fixed beam at high temperature is superior to that of a simple beam. Therefore, the application of simple beam conditions in fire tests for evaluation of load bearing capacity is conservatively safe compared to fixed boundary conditions.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.6-12
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• 2015

Indoor hydrant facilities are used to fight initial fires before more intense fire extinguishing activities. Fire extinguishing facilities should ensure good fire extinguishing performance and the safety of users. Indoor hydrant facilities are mostly installed in buildings and facilities, and users must manipulate valves, hoses, and nozzles manually. When the discharge pressure is higher than 0.70 MPa, there is a high possibility that problems with manipulation and hose breakdown can occur. To prevent these problems, a method to attach orifice-type decompression valves to the angle valves of indoor hydrant discharge outlets has frequently been used for decompression methods. However, the decompression performance was reduced due to structural problems of the decompression valves over time. Accordingly, based on three-stage initial pressures, applicable pressure ranges were selected by measuring the decompression performance according to the diameter of the decompression orifices. Based on the data, stable decompression valve models are proposed. These models have the lowest decrease in decompression performance, regardless of time.