• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.193-204
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• 2009

The importance of corporate identity design has been recently highlighted in the marketing. However, logotype among marks that represent the image of a company has been neglected relatively comparing to symbol mark and logo mark. A logotype should be something to represent the personalities and characteristics of a company in suggestive ways. For such reasons, the image expressions by shape are thought to be important. Consequently, the formative aspects of visual communication design should be examined with emphases. However, it is true that studies on the formative aspects regarding logotypes and logo marks, especially studies on the shapes of font types and the responses of consumers to them, are lacking. Accordingly, this study examined the visual shape of logotype preferred by consumers and the shape of logotype preferred by consumers according to the business type of companies. As a result of research, there were differences in the elements of logotype preferred according to the business type of companies; as for construction companies is preferred the body of the type of dotum font with bold stem, without serif, with oblique, straight-line and curve-line endings; as for banks is preferred the body of the type of dotum font without serif, with oblique ending and with one-side curve style of serif, the stem in a middle level; as for laboratories is preferred the body of the type of dotum font with oblique ending, with bold stem and straight-line serif. The elements that should be commonly applied to construction companies, banks and laboratories appear to be the oblique ending but the curve-line ending and shallow stem seemed to be avoided. On the other hand, the serif, ending and gulim appeared to be applied differently according to the business type.

• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.303-310
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• 2021

Cracks in bridges are important factors that indicate the condition of bridges and should be monitored periodically. However, a visual inspection conducted by a human expert has problems in cost, time, and reliability. Therefore, in recent years, researches to apply a deep learning model are started to be conducted. Deep learning requires sufficient data on the situations to be predicted, but bridge crack data is relatively difficult to obtain. In particular, it is difficult to collect a large amount of crack data in a specific situation because the shape of bridge cracks may vary depending on the bridge's design, location, and construction method. This study developed a crack detection model that generates and trains insufficient crack data through a Generative Adversarial Network. GAN successfully generated data statistically similar to the given crack data, and accordingly, crack detection was possible with about 3% higher accuracy when using the generated image than when the generated image was not used. This approach is expected to effectively improve the performance of the detection model as it is applied when crack detection on bridges is required, though there is not enough data, also when there is relatively little or much data f or one class.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.339-346
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• 2023

The uncertainties of microstructural features affect the properties of materials. Numerous pores that are randomly distributed in materials make it difficult to predict the properties of the materials. The distribution of pores in cementitious materials has a great influence on their mechanical properties. Existing studies focus on analyzing the statistical relationship between pore distribution and material responses, and the correlation between them is not yet fully determined. In this study, the mechanical response of cementitious materials is predicted through an image-based data approach using a convolutional neural network (CNN), and the correlation between pore distribution and material response is analyzed. The dataset for machine learning consists of high-resolution micro-CT images and the properties (tensile strength) of cementitious materials. The microstructures are characterized, and the mechanical properties are evaluated through 2D direct tension simulations using the phase-field fracture model. The attributes of input images are analyzed to identify the spot with the greatest influence on the prediction of material response through CNN. The correlation between pore distribution characteristics and material response is analyzed by comparing the active regions during the CNN process and the pore distribution.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.1-9
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• 2024

This study proposes a multi-scale template matching technique with image pyramids (TMI) to measure structural dynamic displacement using a vision sensor under atmospheric turbulence conditions and evaluates its displacement measurement performance. To evaluate displacement measurement performance according to distance, the three-story shear structure was designed, and an FHD camera was prepared to measure structural response. The initial measurement distance was set at 10m, and increased with an increment of 10m up to 40m. The atmospheric disturbance was generated using a heating plate under indoor illuminance condition, and the image was distorted by the optical turbulence. Through preliminary experiments, the feasibility of displacement measurement of the feature point-based displacement measurement method and the proposed method during atmospheric disturbances were compared and verified, and the verification results showed a low measurement error rate of the proposed method. As a result of evaluating displacement measurement performance in an atmospheric disturbance environment, there was no significant difference in displacement measurement performance for TMI using an artificial target depending on the presence or absence of atmospheric disturbance. However, when natural targets were used, RMSE increased significantly at shooting distances of 20 m or more, showing the operating limitations of the proposed technique. This indicates that the resolution of the natural target decreases as the shooting distance increases, and image distortion due to atmospheric disturbance causes errors in template image estimation, resulting in a high displacement measurement error.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.579-585
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• 2016

3D laser scanning can be used for scanning the freeform surface and building a model from which the measurements could be taken, in order to solve the difficulty with getting access to the exact freeform shape and position data of the complex building envelope. The shape making process using 3D scanning is as follows: point cloud, mesh surface segmentation, NURBS(Non-Uniform Rational B-spline) surface generation, and parametric solid model generation. In this research, we review previous studies, reverse engineering notion, importance of reverse engineering usage for freeform envelope, and previous cases in order to identify the detail reverse engineering process for prefabrication and construction of freeform panels using 3D laser scanning technology. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to present a basic information which should be considered during design and construction phase and improve quality and constructibility of freeform building by analyzing the reverse engineering process and case study for prefabrication and construction of freeform panels using 3D laser scanning. The research results will enable 3D shape engineering and design parameterization using reverse engineering to be used in various construction projects.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.198-204
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• 2010

The cover of truck agitator give in a part to prevent the lower flowing of fresh concrete when the concrete are transported from the ready mixed concrete plant to the construction field. As a result of the question data, it show up a dirty image to the general civil society. Due to the above image, it is predicted to affect the image of the construction company, so we did the site experiment of the flowing, the amounts of air, the temperature change of concrete with the concrete left in the site, to find out the usefulness. Also, for the comparing with this, we got the result by doing the inner experiment with the same condition. As the result of the experiment, the cover of truck agitator affect little to the reduction of slump. The change of the air amount, regardless of the existence of cover, was not effected much in proper level until 60minutes. In addition, The compression strength was proper to the goal design strength until 90minutes regardless of the cover of truck agitator exist or not exist.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.329-334
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• 2015

Currently, image of floating architecture has been positively improved based on the normalization of a domestic representative floating building 'Some Sevit'. Features of the floating architecture are as follows: special experience (29.9%)> landmark (27.6%)> enjoyment of marine culture (21.5%)> center for tourism and regional development (16.0%)> eco-friendly space solving global warming (4.8%). Floating building has a distinctive image and at the same time offers a unique spatial experience to the public. Therefore, space design marketing of floating building is a communication process to exchange its spatial identity and image between the local government and the public, the corporation and customers. It is essential for the effective space design marketing that the spatial demands should be reflected into its program such as commercial, cultural and marina facilities. The unification of project leader and operator is also important. The transformed conditions would help the construction market to be active in the future.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.235-241
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• 2013

There have been a lot of previous studies that brand image has a positive impact on purchase as well as the value enhancement of the product with the spread of brand importance and the introduction of brand in the apartment. This study verified that brand image can be factorized and separated into two factors - basic characteristics and additional characteristics. The basic characteristics means essential parts that generally should be provided for housing and the additional characteristics are competitively developed concepts introduced by construction companies for sales promotion. The results of the empirical analysis that verified the effects of the two factors on purchase intention are as follows. The basic characteristics have the positive impact on purchase intention while the additional characteristics are otherwise. This result suggests that it is more important to be faithful to the basics than to be competitively differentiated by the additional characteristics in the apartment market.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2021.06a
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• pp.370-370
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• 2021

태풍으로 인한 피해를 줄이기 위해 경로, 강도 및 폭풍해일의 사전 예측은 매우 중요하다. 이중, 태풍의 경로와는 달리 강도 및 폭풍해일의 예측에 있어서 바람장은 수치 모델의 초기 입력값으로 요구되기 때문에 정확한 바람장 정보는 필수적이다. 대기 바람장 예측 방법은 크게 해석적 모델링, 라디오존데 측정과 위성 사진을 통한 산출로 구분할 수 있다. Holland의 해석적 모델링은 비교적 적은 입력값이 필요하지만 정확도가 낮고, 라디오존데 측정은 정확도가 높지만 점 측정에 가깝기 때문에 이차원 바람장을 산출하기에 한계가 있다. 위성 사진을 통한 바람장 산출은 위성기술의 고도화로 관측 채널 수 및 시공간 해상도가 크게 증가하고 있기 때문에 다양한 기법들이 개발되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 생성적 적대 신경망 (Generative Adversarial Network, GAN)을 통해 일련의 연속된 과거 적외 채널 위성 사진 흐름의 패턴을 학습시켜 미래 위성 사진을 예측하고, 예측된 연속적인 위성 사진들의 교차상관 (cross-correlation)을 통해 바람장을 산출하였다. GAN을 적용함에 있어 2011년부터 2019년까지 한반도 근방에 접근했던 태풍 중에 4등급 이상인 68개의 태풍의 한 시간 간격으로 촬영된 총 15,683개의 위성 사진을 학습시켜 생성된 이미지들은 실측 위성 사진들과 매우 유사한 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 생성된 이미지들의 교차상관으로 얻어진 바람장 벡터들의 풍향, 풍속, 벡터 일관성 및 수치 모델과의 비교를 통해 각각의 벡터들의 품질 계수를 구하고 정확도가 높은 벡터들만 결과에 포함하였다. 마지막으로 국내 6개의 라디오존데 관측점에서의 실측 벡터와의 비교를 통해 본 연구 결과의 실효성을 검증하였다. 본 연구에서 확장하여, 이와 같이 AI 기법과 이미지 교차상관 기법을 사용하여 얻어진 바람장으로부터 태풍 강도예측에 필요한 요소인 태풍의 눈의 위치, 최고 속도와 태풍 반경을 직접적으로 산출할 수 있고. 이러한 위성 사진을 기반으로 한 바람장은 단순화된 해석적 바람장을 대체하여 폭풍 해일 모델링의 예측 성능 개선에 기여할 것으로 보여진다.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.54 no.12
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• pp.1265-1274
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• 2021

The analysis of hyperspectral characteristics of materials near the South Han River has been conducted using riverside area measurements by drone installed hyperspectral sensors. Each spectrum reflectance of the riverside materials were compared and analyzed which were consisted of grass, concrete, soil, etc. To verify the drone installed hyperspectral measurements, a ground spectrometer was deployed for field measurements and comparisons for the materials. The comparison results showed that the riverside materials had their unique hyperspectral band characteristics, and the field measurements were similar to the remote sensing data. For the classification of the riverside area, the K-means clustering method and SVM classification method were utilized. The supervised SVM method showed accurate classification of the riverside area than the unsupervised K-means method. Using classification and clustering methods, the inherent spectral characteristic for each material was found to classify the riverside materials of hyperspectral images from drones.