• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.62 no.3
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• pp.243-252
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• 2018

In this study, we compared 8th graders' macroscopic and microscopic conceptions related to the properties of substances. A test for the basic particle concept and a test for the macroscopic and microscopic concepts of melting point, solubility, and density were developed and administered to 371 students. Their responses were classified into 4 categories on the bases of their understanding of the macroscopic and microscopic concepts. The proportions and characteristics of each category were also analyzed. The analyses of the results revealed that the students who understood the macroscopic concepts had various misconceptions at the microscopic level. Many students had difficulty in understanding not only microscopic concepts but macroscopic concepts. The microscopic responses of the students who did not understand the macroscopic concepts hardly corresponded with their macroscopic level responses. The students who responded correctly to the test for the basic particle concept also had difficulty in understanding the concept of the properties of substances. When they understood the macroscopic concepts, the proportions of the students who understood the microscopic concepts were high. On the bases of the results, educational implications for effective teaching and learning of concepts related to the properties of substances and for improving the future national curricular are discussed.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Industrial Systems Conference
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• 1998.10a
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• pp.563-568
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• 1998

응용시스템 개발생산성에 대한 연구는 지금까지 프로그래머의 생산성이라는 미시적 수준에 그치는 경향을 보여왔으며 시스템개발 생명주기의 전반적 영향에 중점을 둔 거시적수준의 생산성의 개념으로 확대되지 못해왔다. 더욱이 그들의 생산성 측정은 미시적 측정단위를 사용함으로써 조직 내 응용시스템 개발요구의 백로그의 증가라는 거시적 문제 해결과는 거리가 있어왔다. 본 연구는 정보시스템 조직의 생산성 향상에 기여할 수 있는 도구 및 방법이 실무적으로 어떻게 사용되고 있고 그 효과가 어느 정도인지를 관찰하는 탐색적 연구로써 응용 시스템 개발 생산성에 기술적 방법과 관리적 방법을 거시적 생산성 향상의 관점에서 분석하고자 한다.

• The Journal of Information Technology and Database
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.39-50
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• 1998

응용시스템 개발생산성에 대한 연구는 지금까지 프로그래머의 생산성이라는 미시적 수준에 그치는 경향을 보여왔으며 시스템개발 생명주기의 전반적 영향에 중점을 둔 거시적 수준의 생산성의 개념으로 확대되지 못해왔다. 본 연구에서는 거시적 수준의 응용시스템 개발생산성에 초점을 맞추어 생산성 측정치들을 검토하고 또 다양한 생산성 향상 방법을 비교하는데 그 목적이 있다. 응용시스뎀 개발 백로그가 Nolan의 정보시스템의 확장 단계에 구분없이, 또한 기타의 컴퓨팅 활동들로 특징지워지는 다양한 정보기술 환경을 가진 조직들 내에서 널리 퍼져 있는 것으로 본 연구결과에 나타났다. 또한 본 연구 결과는 '거시적/관리적 차원의 접근이 응용시스템 개발생산성 향상을 통한 개발 백로그의 감소에 긍정적인 영향을 미칠 것이다' 라는 일차적 가설을 지지하는 것으로 나타났다. 오늘날의 정보시스템 관리자들은 생산성 향상을 위하여 미시적/기술적 차원의 접근방법에 주력하는 경향을 보이고 있으나, 본 연구를 통하여 거시적/관리적 차원의 접근방법과 도구의 사용에 더 많은 노력을 기울임으로써 균형잡힌 정보관리정책을 갖게 되기를 바란다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.7-18
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• 2001

This study is concerned with theoretical aspects of urban logistics with the aim of revealing limitations of the literature, suggesting directions for further studies and developing a conceptual model for evaluating policy alternatives. Several limitations have been revealed and, based on these, the directions for further studies were suggested as more effort needs to be put on microscopic aspects of urban logistics ; and integrated conceptual evaluation models need to be developed. For the models it defined microscopic evaluation factors by the subject of urban logistics activities, and with these factors it established a conceptual model. Especially it introduced the simulation models developed recently to predict the route of freight vehicles and suggested how both microscopic and macroscopic aspects of urban logistics could be evaluated.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.18 no.1 s.18
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• pp.73-87
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• 2004

현장에서 수업을 하다 보면 의외로 학생들이 곱셈구구는 잘 외우고 있지만 곱셈의 개념에 대해서는 잘 모르고 있다는 것을 많이 발견할 수 있다. 이것은 곱셈에 대한 개념을 도입할 때 학생들이 왜 곱셈을 배우는가에 대해서 스스로 절실하게 생각해 보고 발견해 보는 경험이 부족했기 때문이라고 생각한다. 곱셈이 왜 필요하고 곱셈식으로 나타내는 것이 얼마나 좋은 방법인지 학생들이 깨달아 덧셈구조에서 곱셈구조로의 개념의 변화가 일어날 수 있도록 지도한다면 이러한 문제점을 어느 정도 해결할 수 있지 않을까 생각해본다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 자연수의 곱셈에 대한 이론적 배경과 교육과정을 알고 이를 바탕으로 수학교육 이론에 근거한 자연수의 곱셈의 교수-학습 지도 방안에 대하여 거시적 입장에서 고찰해 보고자 한다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.5 no.4 s.19
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• pp.71-78
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• 2005

The principal basic concepts of aseismic design minimize damage of human-life and have little probability during life of structures. For detailed understanding of the design, the best reasonable countermeasure can be possible equally the smallest damage of human-life and economic loss. As a result, it can be achieved by notion of not structure-centered but city-centered, the notion is actualized by development of a macro-level evaluation. A seismic damage between city and country is different. And the larger the city then, the greater the loss by rather collateral hazards than collapse of structures. Hence, the macro-evaluation of an earthquake disaster is suitable for an old city where is center of political and economic activity, and is concentration of population and infrastructure. This study aims to develop comprehensive earthquake desaster risk index, and assesses relative earthquake risk of six zones in Seoul metropolitan area.

• 한국노년학
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.251-270
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• 2017

The purpose of this research is to critically analysis the applying trend of the successful aging research on the baby boomers Generation. Research method is qualitative content analysis and this study was analyzed by concepts, factors, heterogeneity and variety of generation. The results of the analysis on 124 domestic articles on the journals on the successful aging from 2000 to 2016 are as follows: most of concepts in researches are about economic problems. In a research model, social environmental factors are barely considered. Heterogeneity and a few studies showed identities and varieties of generation. Based on these results, several suggestions are presented; First, consideration about the concepts of successful aging On a broad range is required. Secondly, concepts and influence factors should be clearly identified. Third, factors related to life itself in aging and macro social environment than factors of individual unit focused on economic value should be used. In addition, new age-old cultual value should be discussed to understand the Inherent traits of baby boomers. Lastly, studies to discuss varieties which are caused by age and gender of the baby boomers are needs to proceed.

• Archives of design research
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• v.18 no.2 s.60
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• pp.283-292
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• 2005

Recently automotive markets are on the way into maturing status with the mega merger between makers which brought equalizations of technology and upgrade of overall performance of vehicles. And the needs of automobile also changed into replacement buying from the entry buying. For the reason why it is the recent trend which has more importance on the software oriented element such as the sane design of vehicles than the hardware like the mechanical elements. This changing characteristics of market which requires more creativity and finished style treatment on an automotive design demand the concept of shape grammar for conducting shape on the macroscopic view. In this research the possibility has been observed to use the body proportion as the concept of the shape grammar for analyzing the relations between the form, sign, and perception as a basic principle of organizing shapes.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.64-88
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• 2010

Rapidly increasing transnational migration can be seen as a typical process which has proceeded under macro-contexts of socio-spatial characters of origin and destination country and their relationships, shaped with global uneven regional development in the process of glocalization and development of transportation and communication on the global level. In order to consider macro-contexts of transnational migration, this paper emphasizes the concept of multicultural space and some key elements implied in it, that is, place, territory, network, scale (suggested by Jessop et al.) and spatial flow and difference. As results of questionnaire analysis of foreign immigrants' recognition of macro-contexts, this paper suggests some findings: that is, a high level of recognition of all types of foreign immigrants on global changes, the most negative recognition of migrant workers among 4 types of foreign immigrants on economic and social conditions of their origin country, a positive recognition of people in all regions of their origin (except few countries such as Japan) on international migration, and a low level of their recognition in all types on S. Korea's characters as their destination country.

• Korean Architects
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• s.562
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• pp.100-105
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• 2016

지난 두 회 동안 살펴보았던 예들은 다른 목적과 이유를 가진 상이한 프로젝트들이었음에도 불구하고 지오메트리의 특성 및 특정 상황에서의 거동을 미시적인 층위에서 이해한 뒤 이를 파라메트릭 모델로 변환하고 거시적인 층위에서의 설계 최적화에 사용했다는 점에서 공통점을 찾을 수가 있습니다. 또한 이러한 개념적 특성상의 공통점으로 인해 사용하였던 기술적인 방법 또한 미분방정식의 개념을 차용하는 유사성을 보였습니다. 하지만 그러한 내부참조를 통한 recursive process를 이용한 설계 최적화에 관한 이야기가 처음 몇 회에 걸쳐서 이야기 드렸던 '파라메터 및 파라메트릭 툴'의 개념을 명확히 전달하는데 조금 어려움이 있지 않았나 하는 생각이 듭니다. 그런 의미에서 오늘을 시작으로 몇 회에 걸쳐서 살펴볼 내용들은 좀 더 실용적이고 때로는 즉물적인 층위에서의 파라메트릭 툴의 사용에 초점을 맞추려 합니다.