• 한국재료학회지
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• 제9권11호
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• pp.1137-1143
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• 1999

액체금속로 전열관재료용 개량 9Cr-1Mo강의 특성에 미치는 텅스텐의 영향을 고찰하기 위하여 개량 9Cr-1Mo강에 텅스텐을 2wt.% 첨가하여 템퍼링 온도에 따른 기계적 특성 및 미세조직의 변화를 조사하였다. 미세조직을 관찰한 결과 템퍼링시 전위회복에 의해 형성되는 셀 구조가 나타나는 템퍼링 온도는 개량 9Cr-1Mo강의 경우 $700^{\circ}C$인 반면, 텅스텐을 첨가한 9Cr-0.5Mo-2W강의 경우는 $750^{\circ}C$이었으며, 이 결과로부터 텅스텐 첨가는 전위회복을 지연하였음을 알 수 있다. 텅스텐을 첨가하여도 템퍼링 온도에 따라 생성되는 석출물의 종류는 차이가 없었으나, 텅스텐을 첨가한 강에 있는 석출물에는 텅스텐이 포함되어 있었다. 텅스텐의 첨가로 경도값, 고온 인장강도 그리고 항복강도가 증가하였다. 이것은 텅스텐 첨가로 인한 미세구조의 안정화에 기인하는 것으로 보인다. 충격시험에서는 항복강도가 낮은 개량 9Cr-1Mo강이 더 우수한 충격파괴특성을 가졌다.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.168-176
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• 2004

Interrupted creep tests were carried out on the Mod.9Cr-1Mo steel in order to investigate the structural degradation during creep. The ranges of creep stress and temperature were from 71 to 167MPa and 873 to 923k, respectively. The change of hardness and tempered martensitic lath width were measured in the grip and gauge parts of interrupted specimens. The lath structure was thermally stable in static conditions, but was not stable during creep, and the structural evolution was enhanced by creep strain. The relation between the change in lath width and strain was described in the from, $\delta$W= a ($W_s-W_o$)$cdot;varepsilon$, where $\varepsilon$ is the strain, $W_o$is the initial lath width, $W_s$ is the final lath width depending solely on stress, and a is the constant of the magnitude of 0.67 $\mu$m /strain. The change in Victors hardness was expressed by a one-valued function of creep life consumption ratio. Based on the empirical relation between strain and lath width, a model was proposed to explain the relation between change in hardness and creep life consumption ratio. The model revealed that about 65$%$ of dislocations in lath structures were eliminated by the migration of subboundaries.

• 열처리공학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.198-204
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• 2010

Modified 9Cr-1Mo steels possess excellent high-temperature mechanical properties and are widely used in energy conversion industries. However, in-service materials degradation, such as softening, carbide-induced embrittlement, temper embrittlement, etc., can take place during long-term operation. Evolution of microstructure due to service exposure to high temperature has a strong effect on the performance of heat resistant steels. In case of modified 9Cr-1Mo steels, precipitation of $Fe_2Mo$-type laves phases and coarsening of $M_{23}C_6$-type carbides are the primary cause of degradation of mechanical properties such as toughness, hardness, tensile strength and creep resistance. This study was aimed at finding reliable parameter for assessing the integrity of modified 9Cr-1Mo steels. Characteristic parameters were attained between mechanical and ultrasonic properties.