• Title/Summary/Keyword: 강우조건

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An Experimental Study on Behavior Characteristics of Geosynthetics Reinforced Retaining Earth Wall (보강압성토 옹벽의 거동 특성에 관한 실험적 연구)

  • Noh, Taekil;Lee, Song
    • Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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    • v.13 no.3
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    • pp.29-37
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    • 2012
  • This study is to find out the characteristics of the behavior of Geosyntehtic Reinforced Retaining Earth Wall(GRREW) through the laboratory experiment with the reduced-scale model, and to verify the effect of reinforcement by materials of GRREW. The loading tests after combining nonwoven geosynthetic, re-bar mesh nets and drainage blocks respectively among the components of the GRREW were performed in three cases of their slopes. In the cases of the behavior analysis including all of the components of the GRREW, the maximum horizontal displacement was generated 8.4mm at the location of 0.57H in the slope of 1:0.3; 3.8mm at the location of 0.57H in the slope of 1:0.6; 3.6mm at the location of 0.86H in the slope of 1:1.0. On average, the horizontal displacements of the GRREW were reduced by 83.8% against those of the original slopes. Lastly, seepage analysis and slope stability analysis were performed by modelling section of field, to confirm the effect of installation of drainage block in GRREW. We can confirm to compare increasing the slope safe factor and decreasing ground water in accordance with drainage blocks.

국가 생물자원 정보화 현황 및 전망

  • Kim, Chan-Hoe;Byeon, Bong-Gyu
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Entomolohy Conference
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    • 2006.09a
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    • pp.45-60
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    • 2006
  • 최근 국제적으로 생물자원의 중요성이 재인식됨에 따라 이들에 대한 체계적이고 안정적인 정보의 구축 및 활용이 국가경쟁력의 척도로 간주할 정도로 중요성이 커지고 있는 실정이다. 또한, 우리나라는 국토의 64%가 산림으로 되어 있어서 다양한 생물종이 서식하는데 매우 적합한 조건을 갖추고 있다. 이에 따라 산림청과 국립수목원은 국가식물자원정보시스템에 이어 곤충정보에 대한 정보화 사업을 2001년부터 추진해오고 있으며 이 결과로 현재 33만여 점에 곤충표본정보가 구축되기에 이르렀다. 현재까지 국내 유수 곤충표본보유기관 22개 기관이 본 사업에 참여하여 다양하고 내실 있는 정보구축이 이루어져 왔으며 이를 통해 명실 공히 국가적인 곤충자원정보망을 갖추게 되었다. 곤충DB의 국가적인 사업이 추진된 지 6년차에 이르는 2006년도에는 정보통신부의 지원을 받아 14개 표본보유기관이 참여하여 곤충표본DB구축을 중점 추진할 계획이다. 2006년도의 목표량은 곤충표본정보 17,000점으로 기존구축자료 이외에 추가가 필요한 표본정보위주로 구축될 예정이다. 또한, 이미 구축된 곤충표본자원의 활용도와 가치를 높이기 위해서는 더욱 다양하고 많은 자료의 표본을 추가하여 DB화를 추진함은 물론 이들 각각의 정보들을 식물정보와 연계하여 분석 가능토록 하고 GIS시스템을 도입하여 명실공히 국가적인 곤충자원정보의 종합관리가 될 수 있도록 추진하고 있다. 본 사업이 충실히 수행될 경우 국가 주요 생물자원 중 하나인 곤충정보의 DB확대 구축을 통한 전체적인 현황파악 및 체계적인 관리가 가능해 질 것이며, 이와 관련하여 정보화적인 측면, 경제적 측면, 사화 문화적 측면에서 다양한 효과가 기대되며 앞으로도 이에 대한 내실 있는 운영을 위해서는 정부차원의 종합적인 지원 및 관리가 요구되는 시점으로 판단된다.pm3.42$, 저층수 $23.43\pm3.38$이었으며, 전반적으로 해역별 수질기준 I등급 내지는 II등급을 유지하고 있었고, 공간적으로는 외해측으로 갈수록 외해수와 혼합 확산되어 양호한 수질을 나타내었다. 장기적인 변동특성은 세그룹으로 구분되어진다.기 실험결과 용출용매로 증류수와 해수를 이용했을 때, 제강 슬래그에서 용출되는 납, 구리, 카드뮴, 수은의 용출 경향의 차이를 확인할 수 있었고 이에 따라서, 납, 구리, 카드뮴의 용출 유해성은 낮기 때문에 해양구조물로의 제강슬래그 유효이용은 적합할 것으로 판단되었다.im80%$로 계산되었다. 열형광선량계로 측정된 방사선량은 각각 1.8, 1.2, 0.8, 1.2, 0.8 (70 cm 거리) cGy로 측정되었으며, 환자의 복부 표면에서의 서베이메터를 이용한 측정량은 10.9 mR/h였다. 차폐구조물의 사용 시 전체 치료 동안에 태아선량은 약 1 cGy 정도로 평가되었다. 결론 : AAPM Report No.50의 자료에 따르면, 임산부의 방사선 치료 시 태아의 방사선 피폭선량은 5 cGy 이하일 경우에 방사선 피폭에 따른 태아의 위험이 거의 없는 것으로 제시되고 있다. 본원에서 차폐 구조물을 설치하였을 경우에 측정된 태아선량은 약 1 cGy로 측정되었고, 고안된 차폐구조물은 태아에 도달하는 방사선량을 감소시키기에 적합한 설계임이 입증되었다. 아니라 일반종합병원에서도 CTX-M형 ESBL 생성 E. coli와 K. pneumoniae가 존재하며 확산 중임을 시사한다. 앞으로 CTX-M형 ESBL의 만연과 변종 CTX-M형 ESBL의 출연을 감시하기 위한 정기적인 연구와 조사가 필요한 것으로 생각한다., A2-1, B1-1, B2-1의 경우, 강우 일수 감소 이전과 연 유출량 변화는 거의

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한국산 장뇌산삼의 부위별 유용성분함량 및 추출용매조건의 영향

  • 김준한;문혜경;강우원;김종국
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Postharvest Science and Technology of Agricultural Products Conference
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    • 2003.10a
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    • pp.150.2-151
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    • 2003
  • 한국산 장뇌산삼의 열매, 잎, 줄기 및 뿌리를 -7$0^{\circ}C$ 동결건조 분말화시킨 시료에 대한 추출용매와 농도에 따른 유용성분의 함량을 비교, 분석하였다. 추출액의 당도는 잎과 줄기의 80% 에탄올추출액이 각각 22.58%와 22.53%로 가장 높았고, pH는 4.43-7.41 수준이었고, 갈변도는 흡광도가 잎과 뿌리 80% 에탄올추출액이 1.803과 1.085로 가장 높았다. 색도의 경우 L값는 줄기 100% 증류수추출액이 24.56, 열매 80% 메탄올추출액이 24.35로 가장 높았고, 뿌리와 잎 80% 에탄올추출액이 각각 17.47과 19.59로 가장 낮은 값을 나타내었다. a값은 잎100% 증류수추출액이 0.41로 가장 높았고, 줄기 80%메탄올추출 액이 -0.49로 가장 낮은 값을 보였다. b값은 줄기 80% 메탄올추출액이 3.69로 가장 높았고, 열매 100% 증류수추출액 이 0.45로 가장 낮은 값이었다. 주요 유리당은 sucrose, glucose 및 fructose 이었고, 유리당 총함량은 열매와 줄기 100% 증류수추출액이 각각 6733 mg/100g과 6142 mg/100g으로 가장 많은 량을 함유하였고, sucrose는 뿌리 80% 메탄올추출액 이 3673 mg/100g으로, glucose 및 fructose는 줄기 80% 에탄올추출액과 잎 80% 메탄올추출액에 각각 4283 mg/100g과 1897 mg/100g으로 높은 함유량을 나타내었다. 또한 잎과 줄기에는 xylose가 304-524 mg/100g 수준으로 함유되어 있었고, 뿌리에는 maltose가 소량 함유하고 있었다. 주요 유기산으로는 citric acid, tartaric acid 및 malic acid가 확인되었고, citric acid는 뿌리 80% 메탄올추출액이 1849 mg/100g으로 가장 높은 함량이었고, tartaric acid는 잎 80% 메탄올추출액이 3263 mg/100g으로 가장 높은 함량이었고, malic acid는 뿌리 80% 메탄올추출액이 1856 mg/100g으로 가장 높은 함량이었으며, 뿌리 80% 메탄올추출액에는 succinic acid, malonic acid 및 oxalic acid 등이 확인되었다. 유리아미노산은 L-Arginine, ${\gamma}$-Amino-n-butyric acid, Ethanolamine, L-Proline, $\beta$-Alanine 및 L-sarcosine 등 총 35종이 확인되었고, L-Arginine은 251-7379 mg/100g 수준으로 특히, 뿌리 80% 메탄올추출액에는 1319 mg/100g으로 총함유량의 79.13%로 매우 높은 함유량을 나타내었다. P, K, Na, Ca 및 Mg 등이 주된 무기질로 확인되었고, 그 중 P는 줄기 100% 증류수추출액에 15563 mg/100g으로 가장 높았고, K은 잎 80% 메탄을 추출액에 4952 mg/100g, Ca과 Na은 잎과 열매 100% 증류수추출액에 각각 3052 mg/100g과 1798 mg/100g, Mg은 잎 100% 증류수추출액에 950 mg/100g으로 매우 높은 함유량을 보였고, 또한 미량원소로는 Zn, Cu, Cr, Mn, Co, Mo, Fe 등이 함유되어 있었다.

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Effect of application methods of frying oil on the physicochemical properties of frying oil in the school foodservice (학교급식에서 튀김유 사용방법이 튀김유의 이화학적 특성에 미치는 영향)

  • 윤길숙;김나영;장명숙
    • Korean journal of food and cookery science
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    • v.16 no.4
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    • pp.328-335
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    • 2000
  • This study was investigated the effect of application methods of frying oil on the physicochemical properties of frying oil in the school foodservice. Frozen pork cutlet was fried for this study. The most frequent application methods of frying oil in school foodservice and treatments of this paper were as follows ; (A) use the frying oil (36ι) just one day(200ea.$\times$ 5times) (B) reuse the used oil(A method) once more adding 50%(18 ι) fresh oil after 3 or 5 or 7 days (C) reuse the used oil(A method) once more after 3 or 5 or 7 days. The major fatty acids of fresh oil were linoleic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid, and linolenic acid in order to content. The viscosity of frying oil was increased gradually by increasing the number of frying times and storage period of frying oil after once used. Both redness and yellowness of frying oil showed similar trend to viscosity. As a result of this study, the application methods of frying oil in the school foodservice influenced on the physicochemical properties of frying oil, but acid and peroxide value were under the safety level of frying oil prescribed in the Health Social Affairs Ministry.

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Studies on the Landslides Caused by Typhoon No. 875 in Gyeongsangnam-do Distiricts (87년(年) 태풍(颱風) 5호(號)에 의(依)한 경남지구(慶南地區)의 산사태(山沙汰)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究))

  • Kang, Wee Pyeong;Ma, Ho Seop;Jeong, Mo Geun
    • Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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    • v.77 no.3
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    • pp.276-282
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    • 1988
  • Many landslides occurred at the western part of Gyeongnam province by the typhoon No. 875. Their conditions and causes were investigated and were summarized as follows : The total number of landslide occurred was 2,490 and its area was 156.53ha. In about 94% of landslides and about 97% of landslides area occurred in 3 counties, Sancheong, Hamyang and Geochang. The landslides smaller than 0.01ha was 49% of the total indicating that about half of them were the small landslides. Considering homogenous topography amount of precipitation and forest type landslides appeared to be mainly has a high affected by the geological factor because the landslides mainly occurred in the deep weathered soil of igneous rock. The landslides occured on concave slopes of 31 to $35^{\circ}$ in steepness with low crown density. In the area of the deep weathered soil, landslide likely occur repeatedly. Therefore, regular erosion control works are recommended in the area of pos for disaster prevention and counter-measures.

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Relationship between Some Weather Conditions and Immigration of the Brown Planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens Stal (벼멸구의 비래와 기상과의 관계)

  • 엄기백;박중수;이영인;최궤문;이문호;이정운
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
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    • v.27 no.4
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    • pp.200-210
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    • 1988
  • ABSTRACT Brown planthopper collection data by 151 light traps located throughout the southern part of Korean peninsula for 7 years from 1981 thru 1987 were analysed with each immigration wave in relation to daily weather charts when the immigration occurred, and summarized as below. 1) Most of the main immigration took place during the mid and late July, though there were some variations from year to year. 2) Number of the BPH collected at one time, and the number of the area where those immigrants where collected were increased when it occurred closer to the end of July. 3) Weather conditions when the immigration took place were divided into 4 types; (a) depression with stationary front passed over the central peninsula (A type, 12 times); (b) depression with stationary front passed over the southern sea (B type, 5 times); (c) stationary front passed over the central peninsula(C type, 7 times); (d) without depression and stationary front (D type, 2 times). 4) Whatever the types of the weather, those immigrations started to land from south-west part of the peninsula, and those numbers of immigrants were also grater at those south-western areas. 5) When common weather factors were counted from each weather chart of the days when thcse immigrations took place, presence of wind from south-west was 26 times, presence of stationary front was 24 times, and presence of depression was 17 times out of all 26 cases of immigration. 6) Therefore, it could be concluded that the immigration of the BPH into Korea is simply accompanied by the north$.$easterly flowing air currents, connected from south-east part of China through Korean peninsula. And other factors seem to be related with inducing their landing.anding.

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The Possibility of Environmental Paraquat Exposure (파라콰트의 환경성 노출 가능성)

  • Oh, Se-Hyun;Choi, Hong-Soon;You, Ho-Young;Park, Jun-Ho;Song, Jae-Seok
    • Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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    • v.36 no.4
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    • pp.218-226
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    • 2011
  • Objectives: Paraquat (PQ) is a widely used ionic pesticide that is fatal when ingested accidentally or for suicidal purposes. It is thought that chronic exposure of PQ is related with the development of Parkinson's disease, but epidemiological studies have not yet confirmed that theory. This study attempted to estimate the possibility of environmental PQ exposure through soil and water. Materials and Methods: We analyzed the amount of decomposed PQ solution in wet soil after exposure to ultraviolet light. An artificial rainfall condition was simulated over soil sprayed with PQ to measure the amount of eluted PQ. In addition, PQ was diluted in water from three differently rated rivers and the changes in PQ concentration were measured after ultraviolet exposure over one month. High performance liquid chromatography/ultra violet detection was used to analyze the concentrations of PQ. Results: In the method we used, the recovery rate of PQ showed a precision rate less than 5%, an accuracy greater than 88%, and the calibration equation was y=5538.8x-440.01($R^2$=0.9985). There were no significant differences in the concentrations of PQ obtained from the three specimens over a 1-week period. From the PQ-sprayed soil, the artificial rainfall conditions showed no PQ elution over a 1-month period, and there was no significant differences in PQ concentrations according to ultraviolet exposure among the three samples. Conclusions: PQ remains well adsorbed naturally in soil. However, it may still exist in an integrated state for a long time in the hydrosphere, so the possibility of PQ exposure through drinking water cannot be disqualified.

Prediction of a Debris Flow Flooding Caused by Probable Maximum Precipitation (가능 최대강수량에 의한 토석류 범람 예측)

  • Kim, Yeon-Joong;Yoon, Jung-Sung;Kohji, Tanaka;Hur, Dong-Soo
    • Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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    • v.48 no.2
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    • pp.115-126
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    • 2015
  • In recent years, debris flow disaster has occurred in multiple locations between high and low mountainous areas simultaneously with a flooding disaster in urban areas caused by heavy and torrential rainfall due to the changing global climate and environment. As a result, these disasters frequently lead to large-scale destruction of infrastructures or individual properties and cause psychological harm or human death. In order to mitigate these disasters more effectively, it is necessary to investigate what causes the damage with an integrated model of both disasters at once. The objectives of this study are to analyze the mechanism of debris flow for real basin, to determine the PMP and run-off discharge due to the DAD analysis, and to estimate the influence range of debris flow for fan area according to the scenario. To analyse the characteristics of debris flow at the real basin, the parameters such as the deposition pattern, deposit thickness, approaching velocity, occurrence of sediment volume and travel length are estimated from DAD analysis. As a results, the peak time precipitation is estimated by 135 mm/hr as torrential rainfall and maximum total amount of rainfall is estimated by 544 mm as typhoon related rainfall.

An Experimental study to estimate physical properties of porous media by a permittivity method (유전율법에 따른 다공질 매질의 특성 파악을 위한 실험적 연구)

  • 김만일;니시가끼마코토
    • The Journal of Engineering Geology
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    • v.13 no.4
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    • pp.405-418
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    • 2003
  • Measurements of volumetric water content and saturation of porous media are very important factors in understanding the physical characteristics of soil, groundwater recharge by rainfall, pollutant movement, and slope failure. To measure such physical parameters, a permittivity method using electromagnetic wave is applied and use is made of the special permittivity response of understand to water and ethanol. In particular, the estimation is required because permittivity is influenced by the nature of the underground environment. In this study, we carried out experiments on the relative dependency of soil density, temperature and salinity of standard sand and granitic weathered soil using FDR-V system (Frequency domain reflectometry with vector network analyzer) within a frequency range of 1 - 18 GHz. The results of the study showed that the dielectric constants of standard sand and granitic weathered soil increased with increased volumetric water content of soil. However, the dependency of soil density was found to be a little low. Changes of dielectric constant with temperature appeared definitely in the real part of 1 GHz. That is, the dielectric constant of real part at 1 GHz of water and standard sand increased with the rise of temperature. However, ethanol showed decreased tendency. The study also showed that dielectric constant increased with increase in salinity at imaginary part of 1 GHz. It could be concluded from this study FDR-V system can adequately measure the physical properties of soil and the degree of salinity concentration of porous media within 1 GHz frequency range using dielectric constant.

Composite Oxidizing Agents Generation Using Electrolysis of Dilute Hydrochloric Acid (묽은 산 전기분해에 의한 복합 산화제 생성)

  • Kang, Shin-Young;Park, Jong-Hun;Kim, Sang-Hyoun
    • Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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    • v.38 no.6
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    • pp.329-333
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    • 2016
  • Disinfection by electrolysis would be useful for small wastewater treatment plant, combined sewer overflow, ballast water, swimming pool, and fish farming, where the transport, storage, and the use of chlorine gas is limited. This study investigated the feasibility of the electrolysis of dilute hydrochloric acid (HCl) for disinfection. The effects of HCl concentration, voltage and reaction time on the generation of oxidizing agents, HOCl, $O_3$, and $H_2O_2$, were examined in a series of batch test. The highest current efficiency was 99.3% which was found at 2.2%, 3 V, and 5 min of HCl concentration, voltage, and reaction time, respectively. Continuous electrolysis at 2.2% HCl, 3 V, and 5 min of the hydraulic retention time showed 97.4% of the current efficiency. Addition of sodium chloride up to 20 g/L linearly increased the oxidizing agents production. 92.2% of total coliforms were removed by the contact with the electrolyzed water.