• Anxiety and mood
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.49-56
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• 2020

Objective : The present study aims to investigate differences in anger-related features in patients with somatic symptom disorder (SSD) compared to healthy controls, and to examine whether anger trait and anger regulation strategy are associated with clinical characteristics in patients with SSD. In addition, we examined the relationship between childhood adversity and SSD. Methods : 26 patients with SSD and 28 healthy controls were included. Anger-related features were assessed with State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI). Clinical somatic symptoms were assessed using the somatization subscale of the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised and the Somatosensory Amplification Scale. Childhood adversity was assessed by the Childhood Traumatic Events Scale. Multivariate analysis of covariance was performed. Results : Disease status of SSD had a significant overall effect on anger-related features (Wilks λ=0.725, F(5, 44)=3.332, p=0.012). Patients with SSD showed a significantly high Trait-Anger (p=0.017) and they had a high score in both Anger-Out (p=0.013) and Anger-In (p=0.001) of anger expression styles. In particular, a directed inward style of anger expression was significantly associated with somatization symptom severity (p=0.003). Regarding childhood adversity, more childhood extreme illness was experienced by the SSD group than the control group (p=0.012). Within the SSD group, childhood extreme illness was associated with higher Trait-Anger (p=0.027) and Anger-Out (p=0.001). Conclusion : The present findings suggest that trait anger, anger expression styles, and childhood adversity of extreme illness may be involved in SSD. Further studies are needed to explore the role of anger-related features and its relationship with childhood adversity in the pathophysiology of SSD.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.60-81
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• 2020

This research was trying to examine through the technology acceptance model that is expanded in order to make an inquiry the factors having an effect on the acceptance intention of the technology fusion type webtoon user. The survey was carried out for the research for 114 questionnaire respondents where there is the technology fusion type webtoon utilization experience. After and hierarchical regression analysis was performed and the relationship was analyze between the factor. The total 13 hypotheses and one research problems were set and the study with was proceeded. Next, it is same if the results of study is summarized. Firstly, the interactivity and immersion, that is the subordinate factor of the Siljaegam, affected the static influence to the perceived usability. Secondly, with having the static influence an effect on the technology fusion type webtoon use intention the perceived usability was confirmed. Thirdly, the effeciency, Tendency of Conciseness, and consistency were the technology fusion type GUI standard extracted with the Ttamsaekjeok the result subfactor that it analize factor. Finally, with giving the meaningful influence to the perceived easiness the visual unrefined copper steam, that is the subordinate factor of the Siljaegam, was confirmed.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.198-209
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• 2016

The Movie, A Werewolf Boy, describes metaphorically the hidden desire of female audience. The majority of stories about wolves contains fear of wolves inherited by and learned through human history struggling with the nature. They also shows punishment and reward toward wolves as a cultural symbol of evil. This study focuses on analyzing wolves as a metaphor of hidden original desire rather than as a subject of fear and punishment. Soon-Hee's experience with a wolf-boy in her period of puberty and her remembering the experience in her old age expresses her original sexual desire. The movie, A Werewolf boy does not directly deal with sexual content. However, SU-NI's growth through the interaction with the wolf-boy informs us Freudian theory of sex and the mechanism of sexual desire and its repression or realization. Brun Bettelheim's "Little Red Riding Hood" was used to analyze Soon-hee's desire during her puberty and Clarissa Estes's "Women Who Run with the Wolves" were used to explore SU-NI's wildness forgotten in her elderlyhood. This study shows in the process of wolf boy's transformation from biological being into social being awakened the hidden and original desire of woman.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.107-118
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• 2019

Purpose - The present study examines the effect of service employees' experienced customer incivility through their emotional exhaustion. We identified service employees' emotion regulation ability as a boundary condition (i.e., moderating variable) that decreased the positive relationship between service employees' experienced customer incivility and their emotional exhaustion. Furthermore, we also investigated the negative relationship between service employees' experienced customer incivility and their service performance via emotional exhaustion. Research design, data, and methodology - Drawing on AET (affective event theory) and COR (conservation of resources) theory, we developed three research hypotheses (i.e., mediation, moderation, and moderated mediation). Online panel survey data from 552 frontline employees at several service organizations (e.g., department stores, retail stores, hotels, restaurants, airlines, banking, insurance company, and etc) in South Korea were examined. To assess two types of validity (i.e., convergent and discriminant validity) and reliability of measurement model, we employed the CFA (confirmatory factor analysis) using M-plus 8.2 software. Internal consistency also was tested by Cronbach' α. In addition, we employed the SPSS PROCESS MACRO 2.16, which was recommended by Hayes (2013, 2015), to estimate mediation, moderation, and moderated mediation effects. Results - As predicted, the negative relationship between service employees' experienced customer incivility and their service performance was mediated by emotional exhaustion. Furthermore, service employees' emotion regulation ability also played a significant moderating role of the relationship between service employees' experienced customer incivility and emotional exhaustion, such that this relationship was less pronounced when service employees had a high level of their emotion regulation ability than when thir emotion regulation ability was low. Service employees' emotion regulation ability further moderated this mediation effect of service employees' experienced customer incivility on service performance through emotional exhaustion. These findings have theoretical implications for employees' experienced customer incivility and emotion regulation ability research and provide managerial implications for practitioners. Conclusions - This study empirically elaborated the previous model of service employees' experienced customer incivility and personal resource (e.g., emotion regulation ability) literature by presenting the findings that service employees' experienced customer incivility influences their service performance via emotional exhaustion and that emotion regulation ability effectively reduces this negative effect.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.204-210
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• 2016

The reason to research the musical is it has a lot of useful things for the various studies department not only Korea Musical Theatre own although it has been a successful musical theater on the Off-Broadway by Reboot culture era. Even though does not release on Korea, the popular of the show and powerful results of environments have delivered through the international magazines and Youtube channels to Korea. To study of Musical will be lead us to the world which adopted to the social problems as the youth school violence, family communication hurdle, and religion missing by script not only the musical drama but the interpretation for Teen-agers social problem. There are many kinds of Neo educations are proved by smart learning as STEAM. The students who have been studied with the smartphone, I-pad, personal computer, or laptop as smart tools for class are familliar as feedback processing speedly. It would make them learn the skill for their knowledge of a digital age, but it should not let them how to understand other people's emotion as real although STEAM has emtion part. Besides they have communicated on the social network not the ordinary man but the special ego by themselves, as mention or retweet as like their amusements and make the gossip group. This study would show the perspective for understanding Teen-agers Social Problem and who is the victims today's juvenile problems though the musical based on Jim Taulli's directing.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.324-334
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• 2016

The purposes of this study were to identify the causal effects of distributive fairness, procedural fairness and interactional fairness on abusive supervision and the causal ones of abusive supervision on organizational citizenship behavior(OCB). Also this study aimed to investigate the mediating effects of abusive supervision on the causal relationships between three fairnesses and organizational citizenship behavior. The sample of this study were customer-contact employees of restaurants among Youngnam province. 376 questionnaires were used for the empirical analyses. According to the research findings, distributive fairness and interactional fairness had negative influences to abusive supervision and abusive supervision had a negative influence to OCB. Another research findings were that abusive supervision had the mediating effects on the causal relationships between two fairnesses(distributive and interactional) and organizational citizenship behavior. Managerial implications of the research findings are that restaurant managers should set up the organizational culture of respecting employees each other and provide training for the level of supervisor to foster the organizational culture. In the field of restaurant industry, training is very important for employees to foster this organizational culture as this industry has the environment of becoming abusive supervisor for the reason of supervisors' being exposed to lots of physical and psychological burden of works.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.264-275
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• 2017

Objective: This study examines the effects of children's art activities through forest experience in relation with Nuri curriculum on environmental sensitivity. Method: A survey was administered to an experimental group of 20 children as well as a control group of 20 children for statistical analysis. after 16-class art activities through forest experience were performed to children aged 4 at a daycare center for 50 days. Result: Children's art activities through forest experience in relation with Nuri curriculum had a positive effect on their environmental sensitivity. In particular, their art activities had a positive effect on their self-awareness, self-regulation, empathy and motivation in the experimental group, supporting the educational effects and benefits of developmental children's art activities through forest experience in relation with Nuri curriculum. In other words, art activities through forest experience are useful in terms of providing children with creative expression activities in art by leading to observation and exploration, as well as educational experiences that have positive attitudes toward the environment. Conclusion: As children's art activities through forest experience have a positive effect on their environmental sensitivity, more useful information on teaching-learning methods will be able to be provided to early childhood teachers in the field. Consequently, children's art activities through forest experience need to be actively introduced in the field of early childhood education as an alternative for learning nature and improving environment-friendly emotional intelligence.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.220-229
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to recognize the level of acknowledgement of the psychological support services for actors, the significance of psychological factors during performance, experience, the actual situation, and the solution to psychological matters, contribution of the psychological factors to performance and competency to control, and demand for counseling and consider ways to promote these in the future. A questionnaire was developed by specialists and analyzed both through quantitative and qualitative methods. As a result, it turned out that actors perceive the effect of psychological support services such as counseling and psychological skill positively. Even though actors understand the importance of psychological factors in practice and performance in the stage, participation in education or information regarding psychological support services were rarely realized. Also, psychological factors such as confidence, concentration, sense of achievement, motivation, positive attitude and thought, setting a goal for performance, mind control, image training, and self-consciousness are regarded as highly contributing to the performance, but actors cannot control these psychological aspects effectively in fact. Actors were very positive in participating in psychological support services and hoped to have professional counseling and psychological skill services. This study can be used as a standard in supporting the field of play practically in terms of planning for psychological support services for actors, development of psychological support program, and enforcement of education on the spot.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.83-93
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• 2020

Objective : This study was designed to analyze the concepts of current use and meaningful activity in the elderly and provide basic data on establishing concept of participation in meaningful activity and clinical applications. Methods : Using RISS, Google Scholar, Published and DBpia databases, the literature published in the journal was collected from January 2010 to July 2019. The main search term used was "meaningful activity" and 10 of the 182 papers were finally selected for analysis. Based on the qualitative level assessment study by Arbesman, Scheer and Lieberman (2008), the selected paper were classified as Level I to Level V. Results : Five out of 10 studies were published within the last 5 years, indicating that meaningful activity-related studies have been conducted recently. Through prior studies, the concept of meaningful activities was summarized as those that enable individuals to realize their values, achieve their goals and experience positive emotions in their daily lives. Conclusion : The concepts and direction of assessment tools derived from this study will be the basis for the study of 'meaningful activity participation' as a solution to the aging society's elderly problems in the future.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.29-34
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• 2007

Pain is subjective and greatly influenced by prior experiences, but it is real. Pain associated with an organic(objective) pathology is more easily explained and treated. However, atypical or unexplainable pain is usually a source of greater confusion and frustration. Pain may be divided into four general diagnostic categories. 1) pain with anatomic features and objective findings 2) pain with anatomic features and without objective findings 3) pain with non-anatomic features associated with stress and somatization 4) pain with non-anatomic features associated with perceived physical injury. There is a well-established relationship between emotional, physical and/or sexual abuse history and development of chronic pain. It has been suggested that the link between somatization and abuse involves a paradoxical pattern of hiding feelings and reality, while seeking acknowledgment of suffering. History of abuse may physiologically and developmentally increase a person's susceptability to pain and organic changes can be associated with psychogenic disease. Patients with chronic pain should be treated with multidisciplinary approaches including exercise, meditation, cognitive therapy, medications, and biofeedback. Cognitive therapy alters patient's cognition and management of pain and alleviates pain, especially associated with stress. Antidepressants are the most commonly used medications and pain control effects have no relation with mood changes. Biofeedback with relaxation training, exercise and meditation may also be effective in pain control.