• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.553-571
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• 2014

Mathematical process is an issue in current mathematics education. In this paper discuss how to assess the mathematical process using essay type questions. For this we first suggest the concept of Mathematical Process Oriented Question which is an essay type question and possible to assess mathematical processes, that is, the mathematical communication, reasoning, and problem solving as well as mathematics knowledge. And we develop a framework for developing the mathematical process oriented question and rubric, examples of assessment standards and those questions containing rubric for assessing mathematical processes. The results of this paper can serve as basic data and examples for follow up research about mathematical process assessment.

• Annual Conference of KIPS
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• 2023.11a
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• pp.23-26
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• 2023

본 논문에서는 서술형 수학 문제 풀이 모델의 숫자 대소관계 파악을 위한 명시적 자질추출방식 Explicit Feature Extraction(EFE) Reasoner 모델을 제안한다. 서술형 수학 문제는 자연현상이나 일상에서 벌어지는 사건을 수학적으로 기술한 문제이다. 서술형 수학 문제 풀이를 위해서는 인공지능 모델이 문장에 함축된 논리를 파악하여 수식 또는 답을 도출해야 한다. 때문에 서술형 수학 문제 데이터셋은 인공지능 모델의 언어 이해 및 추론 능력을 평가하는 지표로 활용되고 있다. 기존 연구에서는 문제를 이해할 때 숫자의 대소관계를 파악하지 않고 문제에 등장하는 변수의 논리적인 관계만을 사용하여 수식을 도출한다는 한계점이 존재했다. 본 논문에서는 자연어 이해계열 모델 중 SVAMP 데이터셋에서 가장 높은 성능을 내고 있는 Deductive-Reasoner 모델에 숫자의 대소관계를 파악할 수 있는 방법론인 EFE 를 적용했을 때 RoBERTa-base 에서 1.1%, RoBERTa-large 에서 2.8%의 성능 향상을 얻었다. 이 결과를 통해 자연어 이해 모델이 숫자의 대소관계를 이해하는 것이 정답률 향상에 기여할 수 있음을 확인한다.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.255-262
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• 2016

In this paper, we proposes a method to effectively evaluate learner competencies of computational thinking. Developed descriptive performance assessment tool is the use of assessment items presented in a creative computing MIT. This tool is selected and modified items through expert delphi technique. The performance assessment tool is composed of four areas that are an experimenting and iterating, testing and debugging, reusing and remixing and abstracting and modularizing. We apply to software classes for the pre-service teachers and conducted this descriptive performance assessment. Applying result of the assessment, the developed assessment tool shows the reliability $Cronbach-{\alpha}$ values higher than 0.6. In addition, the validity of the test results is higher in experts delphi test. Descriptive assessment tool suggested in this study are identified as a useful assessment tool to effectively measure student CT competencies.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.234-240
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• 2004

The main purpose of this study was to examine the effects of interpretive style reading materials on high school students philosophical viewpoints on science. Subjects for this study were 137 girl students in four classes of a high school located in Daejeon city. The classes were divided into two groups: experimental groups and control groups. Students in the experimental groups were administered a series of the reading materials over thirty-six sessions. Additionally, PPP(Philosophical Perspectives Prove) was used in order to assess students philosophical viewpoints on science. Results of the study showed that the interpretive style reading materials takes effect on the change of students philosophical viewpoints on science. At the initial stage, a number of students exhibited viewpoints inclined toward inductivism. As time goes by, however, viewpoint of inductivism was decreased and view of falcificationism and view of relativism were increased. The results also indicated that the effect of intervention was stable.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.8 no.8
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• pp.225-230
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• 2017

The Sijo provides dynamic rated therapeutic activities in our life. This study aims to search for the literary therapeutic function secreted from the Sijo that ends with a noun. As a result, the noun used at the final sentence secretes a predicative function. This kind of Sijo functions as twelve sound steps, even though it is condensed of just eleven sound steps with one sound step omitted. This functional secretion of Sijo is therapeutic predicate concerned with encoding of literary therapy. Thus it become possible to activate the therapeutic encoding in Sijo or a language by uttering only noun, instead of the predicate. That's because the noun in the last sentence of Sijo permeated in the human body and is done subject, and neuron of the body becomes a predicate, so that the Sijo's subject and the neuron's predicate are fused into a sentence. During the course the human body seems to recognize that the neuron's nucleus analyzes the information of the noun and makes a new sentence. This recognition might also be regarded as a process of encoding that has therapeutic functions secreted from the human body.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.511-519
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• 2013

The purpose of this paper is to examine how European textbooks reflect Seoul nowadays. The study focuses on the trend of textbooks in main European countries, such as England, France, Spain, Italy, and Germany. They tend to describe Seoul as one of the mega cities with urban problems, and introduces the city as an economic center which is responsible for interaction with other mega cities. Besides, Seoul is also described as less competitive city compared to others, and its history and cultural resources are not paid attention. Despite everything, it is fortunate that there are very few errors in descriptions of Seoul. In future I expect that descriptions of Seoul in European textbooks are enhanced in not only economic aspects of Seoul but also historic and cultural aspects of Seoul and then European textbooks get more reliable contents to inform Korea.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.292-302
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• 2018

This article examines how India's major colonial cities-Madras, Calcutta, Bombay (today, Chennai, Kolkata, Mumbai) and New Delhi- are described in India's history textbooks and analyzed them from the perspective of Indians. It is explained the major colonial cities as the process of making the cities and their political, social, economic and cultural changes, the separation between British and Indian, urban planning, colonial architectures built by British colonial power in Indian history textbooks. The viewpoint of its descriptions is featured by the coexistence of 'deprivation, exclusion, discrimination, resistance, challenge' and 'grant of opportunity, acceptation, absorption'. That is, this characteristic maintains a mutual confrontational and inseparable relation. And in a multi-layer, it enables to consider the inherent characteristics of a colonial city reflecting the British ruling ideology and the society within which the rulers and proprietors are forming without simplifying the cultural characteristics. It is clear that there was a resistance against the unreasonable discrimination and exclusion that had been suffered by the British colonial government as well.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.101-106
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• 2016

A number of non-structured data associated with lectures in the field of university education have been generated and it is an important consideration of the students's written comments lecture evaluation. The purpose of this study is to find student interaction factors associated with the student evaluation of teaching at universities, and to provide some insights into improving the student evaluation program based on the results. So, this study consists of three steps that create interaction score, collect student's written comments satisfaction, and analyze an individual professor score. There are a number of limitations to this study. The limitation is that the study was conducted on a narrow sample of the overall student population.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.1009-1024
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• 2011

Previous studies showed that many secondary school students and teachers have difficulties in distinguishing the phenomena of dissolution and diffusion, as well as the phenomena of diffusion and effusion. In this study, currently accepted term definitions of dissolution, diffusion and effusion were searched from the IUPAC Gold Book and the physical chemistry textbooks, and the points to differentiate the definitions were sought. Also, the term definitions of these three phenomena in the secondary school text books and the college general chemistry textbooks were surveyed and compared to the currently accepted definitions. It was found that dissolution is formation of one new phase from mixing two phases, while diffusion is the migration of matter down from the concentration gradient. The "concentration gradient" is considered to be a key point to distinguish diffusion from the dissolution. However, the concentration gradient was not mentioned in the definitions of diffusion in most of the secondary school textbooks and the college general chemistry textbooks. Effusion is differentiated from diffusion by the gas molecules escaping from the container through a tiny hole without collision. The definition of effusion was not found in most of the secondary school textbooks.

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.17-27
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• 2010

This article focuses on the period from the beginning of Twentieth, the period commonly regarded as the Enlightenment Period in Korea. Questioning Daehan-Sin-Gygi( 問答大韓新地誌) textbook consists of contents of physical geography aimed at rational and objective perception of the nature, within the frame of Sirak(實學) and Progressive Thoughts. In terms of contents organization, there are too wide range of facts and knowledge covered, with mechanical imitation of statement style of systematic and regional approach. Particularly, Geography textbook in this period attached greater importance to contents of physical geography than any other times. It is possible to conclude that real outcomes of geography education at the time contributed significantly to enlightenment of people and integration of the society. I consider that statement style of question-response used at the time is very worth-while.