• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.167-176
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• 2019

The conversational agent, which is at the forefront of the 4th industry, aims to personalize the user-centered focus in the future and holds an important position to have a hub that can be connected to various IoT devices. It is a challenge for interactive agents to recognize the user's emotions and provide the correct interaction to personalization. The study first I looked at emotional definitions and scientific and engineering approaches. Then I recognized through social perspectives what social function and what factors emotions have and how they can be used to understand emotions. Based on this, I explored how users can be discovered emotional social factors in communication. This research has shown that social factors can be found in the user's speech, which can be linked to the social meaning of emotions. Finally, I propose a model to discover social factors in user communication. I hope that this will help designer and researcher to study user-centered design and interaction in designing interactive agents.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.213-222
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• 2019

Determining the meaning of a keyword in a speech dialogue system is an important technology for the future implementation of an intelligent speech dialogue interface. After extracting keywords to grasp intention from user's utterance, the intention of utterance is determined by using the semantic mark of keyword. One keyword can have several semantic marks, and we regard the task of attaching the correct semantic mark to the user's intentions on these keyword as a problem of word sense disambiguation. In this study, about 23% of all keywords in the corpus is manually tagged to build a semantic mark dictionary, a synonym dictionary, and a context vector dictionary, and then the remaining 77% of all keywords is automatically tagged. The semantic mark of a keyword is determined by calculating the context vector similarity from the context vector dictionary. For an unregistered keyword, the semantic mark of the most similar keyword is attached using a synonym dictionary. We compare the performance of the system with manually constructed training set and semi-automatically expanded training set by selecting 3 high-frequency keywords and 3 low-frequency keywords in the corpus. In experiments, we obtained accuracy of 54.4% with manually constructed training set and 50.0% with semi-automatically expanded training set.

• The Journal of Korean Philosophical History
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• no.32
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• pp.113-159
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• 2011

The self-segmentation of Seoin(西人) School and the appearance of Soron(少論) School in the 17th century Joseon society has an important meaning in the political history. Soron School(少論學派) had quite different line in their thought and public position from the Noron(老論) School represented by Song Shi-yeol. With such thought and position, Soron School added a vitality to the barren climate of Joseon intellectual society and soon became an important school of it. Especially, the senior leaders of early Soron School shared the culture of discussion and dialogue which was represented by the phrase, "the forest of debate and the hill of argument". Accordingly, Soron School could form an unique academic tradition which was different from other schools. For instance, Park Se-dang(朴世堂), Nam Gu-man(南九萬), Yoon Jeung(尹拯) and Park Se-chae(朴世采) had relatively flexible Conception of Heresy; which was in the same context with the academic position of Soron School that allowed diverse approaches to truth each as the path of justice. Furthermore, the leaders of Soron School continued dialogue and discussion on the wide range of current issues. They deeply sympathized with the Tangpyeong-ron(蕩平論), which was to appoint important government positions equally from multiple schools. They thought that the Tangpyeong-ron(蕩平論) was to avoid the harmful influence of conflicts between schools, the Bungdang(朋黨), and tried to tune and compromise the different opinions of different schools. In fact, the "Hwanggeuk Tangpyeong-ron" (皇極蕩平論) submitted by Park Se-chae was the summarization of the discussions shared by the Soron School leaders. Consequently, the seniors of Soron School practiced their philosophy that "the true academic practice is the communication" by keeping the dialogue with other schools while respecting the difference of each other, rather than staying comfortably in the closed academic fence of uniformity. Such communicative academic practice adopting discussion and dialogue had been succeeded to the second generation of Soron School and it remained as an unique academic tradition of Soron School.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.267-286
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• 2023

The conversational agents such as AI speakers utilize voice conversation for human-computer interaction. Voice recognition errors often occur in conversational situations. Recognition errors in user utterance records can be categorized into two types. The first type is misrecognition errors, where the agent fails to recognize the user's speech entirely. The second type is misinterpretation errors, where the user's speech is recognized and services are provided, but the interpretation differs from the user's intention. Among these, misinterpretation errors require separate error detection as they are recorded as successful service interactions. In this study, various text separation methods were applied to detect misinterpretation. For each of these text separation methods, the similarity of consecutive speech pairs using word embedding and document embedding techniques, which convert words and documents into vectors. This approach goes beyond simple word-based similarity calculation to explore a new method for detecting misinterpretation errors. The research method involved utilizing real user utterance records to train and develop a detection model by applying patterns of misinterpretation error causes. The results revealed that the most significant analysis result was obtained through initial consonant extraction for detecting misinterpretation errors caused by the use of unregistered neologisms. Through comparison with other separation methods, different error types could be observed. This study has two main implications. First, for misinterpretation errors that are difficult to detect due to lack of recognition, the study proposed diverse text separation methods and found a novel method that improved performance remarkably. Second, if this is applied to conversational agents or voice recognition services requiring neologism detection, patterns of errors occurring from the voice recognition stage can be specified. The study proposed and verified that even if not categorized as errors, services can be provided according to user-desired results.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.17-25
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• 2023

This study examines the fundamental frequency(f0) distribution of 2,740 Korean speakers in a dialogue speech corpus. Praat and R were used for the collection and analysis of acoustical f0 data after removing extreme values considering the interquartile f0 range of the intonational phrases produced by each individual speaker. Results showed that the average f0 value of all speakers was 185 Hz and the median value was 187 Hz. The f0 data showed a positively skewed distribution of 0.11, and the kurtosis was -0.09, which is close to the normal distribution. The pitch values of daily conversations varied in the range of 238 Hz. Further examination of the male and female groups showed distinct median f0 values: 114 Hz for males and 199 Hz for females. A t-test between the two groups yielded a significant difference. The skewness representing the distribution shape was 1.24 for the male group and 0.58 for the female group. The kurtosis was 5.21 and 3.88 for the male and female groups, and the male group values appeared leptokurtic. A regression analysis between the median f0 and age yielded a slope of 0.15 for the male group and -0.586 for the female group, which indicated a divergent relationship. In conclusion, a normative f0 distribution of different Korean age and sex groups can be examined in the conversational speech corpus recorded by a massive number of participants. However, more rigorous data might be required to define a relation between age and f0 values.

• 정보화사회
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• s.134
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• pp.54-56
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• 1999

PC통신은 N세대들에게 가장 흔히쓰이는 친근한 통신수단이다. PC통신의 가장 큰 매력은 실시간의 많은 정보와 대화를 주고 받을 수 있다는 것일 것이다. 실시간에 누구나 자유롭게 대화할 수 있다는 것외에 자신의 의견을 게시판이란 곳을 통해서 피력할 수 있다는 것. 아주 간단한 정보검색에서부터 복잡한 전문적인 정보검색까지 그리고, 외출을 하지 않아도 집안에서 은행업무나, 홈쇼핑, 예약등의 업무를 차고없이 할 수 있다는 것 등 우리의 생활을 한없이 편리하게 만들어 주고 있다. 이번호에서는 국내 PC통신업체중 가장 두각을 나타내고 있는 "한국통신하이텔"을 만나보았다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 1999.10b
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• pp.277-279
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• 1999

최근 인터넷 홈페이지가 기업 정보 제공과 상품 판매의 기본 수단으로 사용되어 가고 있다. 홈페이지 개발 도구의 보급과 함께 인터넷 프로그래밍 기술이 없는 일반 인터넷 이용자들도 간단한 홈페이지는 어느 정도 쉽게 개발할 수 있게 되었다. 그런데 대부분의 도구들이 실시간 데이터베이스 처리나 멀티미디어 홈페이지 개발에는 한계를 갖고 있어서 전문지식이 없는 인터넷 이용자가 쉽게 이용하기에는 대화형 사용자 인터페이스 면에서 아직 부족함을 가지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 이와 같은 기존 시스템의 단점을 보완하고 홈페이지 개발에 있어서 데이터베이스 처리를 위한 편리한 인터페이스를 제공하고 홈페이지와 자동 연결해주는 기능과 멀티미디어 홈페이지 제작을 대화형으로 지원하는 웹 컨텐츠 저작 도구 개발에 대해 기술한다.

• 프린팅코리아
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.84-85
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• 2012

김정전 대화유씨피 사장이 5대 서울상공회의소 중구상공회장에 피선, 지난 3월 21일 호텔 아카시아에서 취임식을 가졌다. 중구상공회는 서울상공회의소와 중구청이 손을 잡고 관내 중소상공인들의 경영활동을 지원하고 지역 경제 활성화에 기여하기 위해 지난 2001년 11월 26일 창립, 현재 8000여 회원사의 이익을 대변하는 단체다. 인쇄인으로서는 처음으로 중구상공회장에 선임된 김정전 사장은 향후 중구 내 많은 단체들과 협력, 중구상공인 특히 인쇄인들이 위상 제고를 위해 노력할 것이라고 말했다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society Conference
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• 2004.06a
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• pp.81-84
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• 2004

방사성폐기물 처분 사업을 둘러싼 논란은 지난 50 여년간 국내외에서 계속되었다. 세계 각국은 뛰어난 과학 기술의 도입과 대규모의 홍보에도 불구하고 많은 경우 처분 사업의 실패를 맛보았다. 그러나 핀란드, 스웨덴 등 일부 유럽 국가들은 다른 나라들에 비해 비교적 적은 예산과 기술 인력을 투입함에도 불구하고 부지 확보 및 안전성 확보에서 괄목할만한 성과를 거두고 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 현상에 주목해 방사성폐기물 처분 연구 사업에서 쌍 방향 대화의 중요성을 간파하고 이를 적용하는 방안을 연구한 유럽 연합의 RISCOM II 프로젝트 중 프랑스, 핀란드, 스웨덴 사례에 대해 살펴본다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.248-254
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• 2005

본 논문에서는 대화형 GEO 위성 네트워크에서 패킷 손실량 기대값의 총합을 최소화하는 최적 버퍼 및 타임슬롯 할당 체계를 제시한다. 이를 위해 각 단말에서의 패킷 손실량 기대값을 분석하고, 최적 버퍼 및 타임슬롯 할당 방법을 구하기 위한 최적화 모형을 정형화하고, 정형화된 모형을 빠른 시간 내에 해결할 수 있는 방법을 제시한다. 실험을 통해 제시한 방법이 기존 방법에 비해 패킷 손실량 기대값의 총합을 의미 있게 감소시킴을 보인다.