• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.205-227
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• 1995

The objectives of this study were to 1) classify the cooperative farmers' organizations in Korea according to the development level and institutional aspects through the exploration of its' conceptual and institutional basis, 2) analyze the farmers' needs for organization, 3) identify the problems and situation of organizations, and 4) formulate an effective management model for each cooperative farmers' organization. The study was carried out through a review of literature and using available statistical data collected from various sources and empirical survey. Major findings of the study were: 1) the cooperative farmers' organizations could be classified into four types : crop units, farming cooperative corporation, trust farming companies and joint-stock agri-business. 2) a lot of members of the organization feel that the information is insufficient, the opportunity to suggest their own ideas is hardly given, and the members are not satisfied with the cooperation among the members, 3) the members who have higher level of schooling education showed a higher participation level in the organization, 4) most of members did not recognize the organization they participated in, 5) participation of the organization's members and concerned institutions is an important factor to promote problem solving and better communication within the organization, 6) any type of continuing education for the members is needed to facilitate the transfer of a new agricultural and organizational technology, 7) research and development(R & D) is one of the most important factors of the development of organizations, 8) most organizations are deficient in professional management skills(financial, personal, accounts, etc.), 9) the trust farming companies have difficulties in managing the firm on account of the characteristics of agriculture(especially seasonal), the dispersed trust lands, and the need for more alternative work in the winter season, and 10) in the case of agri-businesses, their organizations are more specialized in marketing and have more structured systems of management. Based on the results of the study the following recommendations were made for further improvement and development of agricultural cooperative organizations : (1) More governmental support should be given to education for improvement of the organizational structure. And more deliberate and differentiated governmental support should be provided for the organizations to be viably managed. (2) For more efficient communication between the members and the organization, more opportunities for discussion are needed. (3) The more research should be committed to this kind of work in order to get more analytic data and strategic plans of cooperative organizations.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.304-311
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• 1993

To find out suitable crops and their rotation years with rice for paddy-upland rotation, continuous rice cropping and rice with 1, 2 and 3 years cropping of upland crops(soybean, maize and job's tears) were tested for four years from 1989 to 1992. Rice yield, when averaged over rotation years for each crop, was increased ranging from 7% to 12% when compared with that of continuous rice cropping. With every crop, rice yield of 2 year upland rotation was higher than that of 1 year upland rotation, but rice quality seemed to deteriorate in paddy-upland rotation. When considering yields of the upland crops, 1 year rotation was the best condition for soybean and job's tears, with 3 years rotation being the best for maize. In paddy-upland rotation, number of weed species and its occurrence rates were reduced in paddy and upland condition and the reduction rates in paddy condition were higher than those in upland condition. Physical properties of soil were improved in paddy-upland rotation and airphase seemed to increase with increasing upland period.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.173-177
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• 2006

Terminal buds and young leaves of Kalopanax pictus are in a great demand as a edible vegetable. Its bark of stems and roots have been used as the resources of folk medicine in Korea. Recently, attempts to cultivate the plant have being tried in farms and mountain villages. This study was conducted to determine effect of inorganic elements on seedlings growth of K. pictus. Levels of inorganic elements in the leaves were variable based on macro and micro inorganic elements. Among the inorganic elements in the leaves of K. pictus seedlings, level of N was high, while other ions were low in the order of K, Ca, P, Mg, Mn, Fe and Zn. A highly significant correlations between the seedling growth and the level of N, P, K, and Na in the leaves, while a low positive significant correlations between the growth and the level of either Mg or Mn and no significant correlations between the growth and the level of Ca, Fe, Cu, and Zn. The most affecting inorganic ion on the seedling growth was N, and followed by the order of K, P, Mg, Mn and Na.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.69-72
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• 2017

Diversification to develop oak pruned neck utilization technology reduction of operation cost of cheonma(Gastrodia elata) farmers is the purpose of this research, but the results of the experiment are as follows. The soil chemistry of the plantation was very weak in 2015 when the pH was 5.7, weakly acidic and EC was 0.41 (ds/m), but the faux spring area was very sunny, but at the end of May, early June, late July And so on were at a maximum temperature of $25^{\circ}C$ or more, and underground temperature fell below freezing in late January 2016. In the content of the survey of the harvested volume, treatment with a diameter of 6 to 10 cm appeared in 1,366 g total weight and in treated plots with a diameter of 20 cm or more, appeared in 1,542 g, confirming that the number and weight of the interspaces from the small neck is higher than the practice.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.336-341
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• 2015

Blueberry (Vaccinium spp.) is a bush that grows well at special cultural environments such as acid soil, high organic matter content, and a good drainage and aeration compared to other general crops. Blueberries are well known to contain high amounts of anthocyanins and phenolic compounds, resulting in high antioxidant activity that provides health benefits, and expanding the cultivation areas and consumer's demand in the worldwide. However, the full genome of blueberry has not been announced until now. Furthermore, the genomic analysis and transcriptome approaches are not so popular compare to major crops such as orange, apple, and grape. The aim of the review about blueberry genomic research is to establish the platform for setting blueberry breeding target, increasing proficiency of blueberry research, and making the practical cultivation techniques in Korea. The main topics in the blueberry genomic research including transcriptome, genetic mapping, and various markers are related with cold hardiness, chilling requirement, hot tolerance, anthocyanin content, and flavonoid synthesis pathway on various tissues like flower bud, leaf bud, shoot, root, and berry fruit. The review of the current status of blueberry genomic research will provide basic information to the breeders and researchers and will contribute to development of blueberry industry with sustainable productions and increase of blueberry consumption as new profitable crops in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.319-325
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• 1999

A culture-dependent survey of bacterial community in the soil-root system of red pepper and tomato was conducted by dilution plate count method. The bacterial community within soil was not different from that of rhizoplane. However, the populations of fluorescent, pseudomonads were higher in rhizoplanes than in soils and higher in healthy rhizoplanes than in Phytophthora disease-infested rhizoplanes. The bacterial community of the pepper cropped soil and rhizoplanes was very similar to that of the tomato-cropped soil and rhizoplanes. Among 285 identified bacterial colonies, most colonies were belong to two groups by fatty acid analyses: 52% of the 285 colonies were belong to low G + C gram positive bacteria group. Bacillus spp. and 33% were belong to high G + C gram positive bacteria group. In order to use beneficial microorganisms to agro-ecosystem, these data of field trials should be intensively accumulated.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.48-55
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• 2013

Though mulberry fruit is known to a by-product that was produced from mulberry tree after harvesting leaves for silkworm rearing, as a yield and consumption of mulberry fruit was increased, it has been fixing to a new income crop. But, a stable production of mulberry was issued on damage by the weather disaster, so it is requires that agricultural disaster insurance import. So, in this study as a basic research for a importation of agricultural disaster insurance, the cultivation of mulberry for produce mulberry fruit, the shape of tree, the number of a bearing fruit from each cultivar, the occurrence of mulberry fruit sclerotic disease, and a yield and the market price of mulberry fruits were investigated and that results obtained were as follows; The number of mulberry tree each 10a was abundant in Buan and Yangpyung region that cultivated a suitable cultivar on low cut shape, however, a large cultivated Gochang region was little. The number of a bearing fruit each the longest branch was abundant in the order of Gwasang No. 2, Suwonppong, Iksuppong, and Cheongilppong. Yield of mulberry fruit each 10a was abundant in the order of Cheongilppong, the second number of Gwasang No. 2, Suwonppong, Iksuppong, and yield of mulberry fruit each the age of three mulberry tree was abundant in older tree, however, the second number of Gwasang No. 2 was the opposite. Sale price of the mulberry fruit was highest in Gyeonggi Yangpyeong, and Jeonbuk Gochang was the opposite.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.56-62
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• 2013

We bred new mulberry cultivar through local adaptability test, which was registered as a new cultivar for fruit production. Local adaptability test had been carried out at three places(Suwon, Chuncheon and Jinju) for four years since 2003. This is tetraploidy variety belonging to (Morus Lhou(Ser.) Koidz.) made by colchicine treatment on growing point of winter buds. Daejappong was high yielding in productivity by 3% compared to control cultivar "Chungilppong" for two years.The sugar contents of Daejappong was higher than that of control cultivar 'Chungilppong(Morus alba L.)'. It is adaptable to every where except the places where cold damage and sclerotic disease happen frequently.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.243-248
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• 1997

Cyperus rotundus has been grown for a long time in korea to be used as medicinal crop. This study was conducted to survey the production status and economic analysis in chief producing area of Cyperus rotundus in Koryong, Korea. The Koryong area where was the major production area of Cyperus rotundus was composed of 0.6hectare cultivation size per farm household and the processes like cultivation, processing, shipping were formed unitedly. The most general management type was labor-extensive one which use the Nakdong river basin or idle land effectively. The cultivation area have been decreased gradually because the price was very low so that the income per hectare was just 3,880 thousand won and productivity per hectare was just 6,280kg. Thus, production condition was very inferior, it needs some self-help to encourage the production because it has some possibility as only regional special product.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.38-41
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• 2013

In 2010 and 2011, gray mold was found on common fig (Ficus carica) fruit grown at the research field of Jeollabuk-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Korea. Gray mold symptoms on common fig fruit mainly occurred after harvest season until December. The typical symptom included brown water-soaked rot and fruit decay. The diseased fruit was covered by gray to brown colored conidiophore and conidia. The conidiophores were tree shape and measured $15-33{\times}2{\mu}m$. Conidia on conidiophore were ellipsoidal or lemon shape, colorless, single cell, and measured $7.3-14.6{\times}6.8-11.1{\mu}m$. The nucleotide sequences of the rDNA ITS region obtained from the pure culture of the gray mold on common fig were 100% similar to the sequences of the GenBank accession number HQ171052, EU519210, HQ171053, FN812726, HM849615, and EU563120 of B. cinerea isolates. In phylogenetic tree, the representative isolate was placed within same clade of B. cinerea. Based on the morphological characteristics and analysis of rDNA ITS sequence data, the fungus was identified as B. cinerea.