• Journal of Life Science
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.698-704
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• 2009

To evaluate a potential possibility of Eucommia ulmoides Oliver as a functional food, ACE (angiotensin converting enzyme) inhibitory activities of leaf, bark, stem and 4 compounds isolated from E. ulmoides were tested. The 4 compounds were isolated and purified by silica gel column chromatography, thin layer chromatography and reverse phase column chromatography. Compound I was pinoresinol-4,4'di-O-${\beta}$-D-glucoside (PG) and compound II was dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol 4,${\gamma}$'-di-O-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside (DAG) originating from Eucommial Cortex. The highest amount of PC was present at raw and roasted bark as 135.13 mg% and 163.67 mg%, and the highest amount of DAG was present at raw and roasted leaf as 117.93 mg% and 133.93 mg% respectively. In an ACE inhibition test, 10 mg/ml of roasted leaf, raw and roasted bark extracts of E. ulmoides Oliver were 77.49%, 75.72% and 75.36% respectively, and 10mg/ml of PC and DAG were shown to be 78.51 and 81.20% respectively. $IC_{50}$ values of PG and DAG were 0.6${\pm}$0.2 and 0.5${\pm}$0.2 mg/ml respectively.

• Plant Resources
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.181-188
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• 2001

We tried to introduce two forsythia genes related in lignan biosynthesis, dirigent protein and pinoresinol/lariciresinol (Ph) reductase, into potatoes for accumulation of lignans in transgenic potatoes. We made binary vectors overexpressing dirigent protein gene and P/L reductase gene driven by a CaMV35S promoter and transformed into potatoes via Agrobacterium mediated transformation. And in order to control the metabolic flux of lignan biosynthesis pathway, we tried to inhibit chalcone synthase genes of potatoes by antisense inhibition technique also. We tried to use PCR screening method for selection of transgenic plants of different vectors. We tried to determine and compare lignan contents from different transgenic potato lines.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.357-363
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• 2000

The root of Actinidia arguta was extracted with methanol and the methanol extract was suspended in $H_2O$ and successively partitioned with n-hexane, $CH_2Cl_2$, EtOAc and n-BuOH. Repeated column chromatographic separation of the EtOAc extract resulted in the isolation of two flavonoids (compounds 2 and 3) and two triterpenes (compounds 1 and 4) and $CH_2Cl_2$, extract to afford three lignans (compounds 5-7). Their structures have been established by spectroscopic, means to be (+)-tormentoside(1), (-)-catechin(2), (-)-epicatechin(3), (+)-uscaphic $acid-28-O-[\beta}-D-glucopyranoside$(4), (+)-pinoresinol(5), (+)-medioresinol(6), and (-)-syringaresinol(7).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.36 no.12
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• pp.1511-1516
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• 2007

To assess a potential possibility of Eucommia ulmoides (EU) as a functional food, anti-hypertensive materials of EU were isolated by silica gel column, thin layer and reverse phase column chromatographies, and then ACE (angiotensin-converting emzyme) inhibitory activities of different parts (leaf, bark, and stem) were investigated. The isolated compound, 8A, was pinoresinol-4,4'-di-O-${\beta}$-D-glucoside (below PDG) originating from Eucommial Cortex and its purity was 95.64%. Of all the samples tested, PDG in raw bark and roasted bark was the highest level at 135.13 mg% and 163.67 mg%, respectively. In ACE inhibitory activity at 10 mg/mL of EU extracts, roasted leaf, raw bark, and roasted bark were 77.56%, 75.73%, and 75.73%, respectively. ACE activities at 1 mg/mL were shown to be 91.87% for PDG, 97.06% for $Enalapril^{(R)}$, and 90.32% for $Captopril^{(R)}$.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.236-241
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• 2013

A high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) method was established for quantitative evaluation of nine constituents of Fraxinus rhynchophylla such as four coumarins, esculin (1), fraxin (2), esculetin (3), fraxetin (4), three lignans, syringaresinol 4,4'-O-${\beta}$-diglucoside (5), pinoresinol 4-O-${\beta}$-glucoside (6), pinoresinol (9), one secoiridoid, oleuropein (7), and one coumarinolignan, cleomiscosin C (8). The preferred chromatographic condition was obtained on Phenomenex Gemini-NX (3 ${\mu}m$, C18 110A, $150{\times}4.60$ mm) and the mobile phase was composed of water and acetonitrile using a gradient elution. The wavelength was set at 220 nm. Extraction condition of these constituents in F. rhynchophylla was also optimized through extraction time, extraction solvent and extraction method using established method. From this study, extraction at $70^{\circ}C$ with the mixture of ethanol and water for more than 12 h was suggested to be good extraction condition for these constituents. Quantitation of nine constituents in different F. rhynchophylla samples was also successfully accomplished with the newly established method.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.12-16
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• 1998

The inhibitory effect of 10 lignan constituents isolated from the rhizomes of Coptis japonica var. dissects on tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-${\alpha}$ production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophage cell line (RAW264.7 cells) has been studied. Among them, pinoresinol, woorenoside-V and lariciresinol glycoside showed significant inhibitory activities in the range from 37% to 55% at the concentration of $25{\mu}g/ml.$ The results are first report that the lignans isolated from Coptis japonica inhibit TNF- ${\alpha}$${\alpha}$

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.49-58
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• 2001

We tried to introduce two forsythia genes related in lignan biosynthesis, dirigent protein and pinoresinol/lariciresinol (P/L) reductase, into potatoes for accumulation of lignans in transgenic potatoes. We made binary vectors overexpressing dirigent protein gene and P/L reductase gene driven by a CaMV35S promoter and transformed into potatoes via Agrobacterium mediated transformation. And in order to control the metabolic flux of lignan biosynthesis pathway, we tried to inhibit chalcone synthase genes of potatoes by antisense inhibition technique also. We tried to use PCR screening method for selection of transgenic plants of different vectors. We tried to determine and compare lignan contents from different transgenic potato lines.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.27 no.8
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• pp.1428-1440
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• 2017

Phomopsis sp. XP-8 (an endophytic fungus) was previously found to produce pinoresinol diglucoside (PDG), a major antihypertensive compound of Tu-Chung (the bark of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.), which is widely used in Chinese traditional medicines. In the present study, two bioconversion systems were developed for the production of PDG in Tris-HCl buffer containing glucose and Phomopsis sp. XP-8 cells (both resting and freeze-dried). When other factors remained unchanged, the bioconversion time, glucose concentration, cell ages, cell dosage, pH, temperature, and stirring speed influenced PDG production in a similar and decreasing manner after an initial increase with increasing levels for each factor. Considering the simultaneous change of various factors, the optimal conditions for PDG production were established as 70 g/l cells (8-day-old), 14 g/l glucose, $28^{\circ}C$, pH 7.5, and 180 rpm for systems employing resting cells, and 3.87 g/l cells, 14.67 g/l glucose, $28^{\circ}C$, pH 7.5, and 180 rpm for systems employing freeze-dried cells. The systems employing freeze-dried cells showed lower peak PDG production ($110.28{\mu}g/l$), but at a much shorter time (12.65 h) compared with resting cells (23.62 mg/l, 91.5 h). The specific PDG production levels were 1.92 and $24{\mu}g$ per gram cells per gram glucose for freeze-dried cells and resting cells, respectively. Both systems indicated a new and potentially efficient way to produce PDG independent of microbial cell growth.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.36 no.2 s.141
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• pp.145-150
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• 2005

Nine compounds were isolated from the methanol extract of the aerial parts of Cirsium nipponicum. Their structures were identified to be phytene-1,2-diol (1), ${\beta}-sitosterol$ (2), pectolinarigenin (3), epilupeol acetate (4), 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (5), pinoresinol (6), apigenin (7), linaroside (8) and siparunoside (9) by spectroscopic means.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.285-288
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• 2017

A lignan and four flavonoid derivatives were isolated from the aerial parts of Panicum dichotomiflorum Michaux (Gramineae) through repeated column chromatography. Their chemical structures were identified as (-)-pinoresinol (1), tricin (2), luteolin (3), luteolin-4'-O-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranosde (4) and luteolin-7-O-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranosde (5), respectively, by spectroscopic analysis. These compounds were isolated for the first time from this plant.