• Mycobiology
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.119-122
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• 2004

The intergenic spacer(IGS) sequence of Fusarium oxysporum have been reported to provide reliable information concerning intraspecific variation and phylogeny of fungal species. The eleven strains of Fusarium oxysporum and its formae speciales belonging to section Elegans were compared with sequencing analysis. The direct sequencing of partial IGS was carried out using PCR with primer NIGS1(5'-CTTCGCCTCGATTTCCCCAA-3')/NIGS2(5'-TCGTCGCCGACAGTTTTCTG-3') and internal primer NIGS3(5'-TCGAGGATCGATTCGAGG-3')/NIGS4(5'-CCTCGAATCGATCCTCGA-3'). A single PCR product was found for each strain. The PCR fragments were sequenced and revealed a few within species polymorphisms at the sequence level. The size of partial IGS sequencing of F. oxysporum was divided into three groups; $526{\sim}527$ bp including F. o. f. sp. chrysanthemi, cucumerinum, cyclaminis, lycopersici, and fragariae; $514{\sim}516$ bp including F. o. f. sp. lilii, conglutinans, and raphani; 435 bp for F. o. f. sp. cucumerinum from Korea. Sequence analysis of PCR products showed that transitions were more frequent than transversions as well as the average numbers of substitution per site were range 0.41% to 3.54%.

• Journal of Life Science
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.14-19
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• 2000

Variation at 25 allozyme loci in Korean wateralder (Alnus hirsuta Rupr.) from nine distinct populations was measured to estimate the amount and pattern of genetic diversity and population structure. The mean genetic diversity within population was 0.166. Korean alder populations have slightly high levels of genetic diversity compared to those present in associated temperature-zone species and two Canadian alder species. Among population s genetic differentiation accounted for an significant 9% of the total variation. High gene flow(Nm=2.63) was observed. Analysis of fixation indices, calculated for all polymorphic loci in each population, showed a substantial deficiency of heterozygotes relative to Hardy-Weinberg expectations. The mean GST value A. hirsuta in Korea (GST = 0.087) is similar to those of A. rogosa in Canada (GST = 0.052). These low values of GST in two countries. reflecting little spatial genetic differentiation, may indicate extensive gene flow (via pollen and/or seeds) and/or recent colonization. These factors reduce the effect of geographic isolation of breeding and the chance for genetic divergence. A pattern of increasing is observed with increasing rainfall per year. Regression analysis indicates that 54% (F = 4.67) of the variability observed can be explained by this relationship.

• 한국해양환경ㆍ에너지학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.42-45
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• 2014

폐 FRP의 처리는 매우 급박하나 뚜렷한 생산성 있는 방법이 많지 않다. 본 연구진은 FRP의 층간 구성에 초점을 맞춰 층으로 분리하였으며, 각 층의 구성 성분에 따라 물성이 다름을 확인한 바 있다. 그 중 유리섬유 다발이 바구니 조직으로 틀을 이루고 있는 로빙층에서 유리섬유("F섬유")를 제작하였다. 그 크기를 폭 1 mm와 3 mm로 달리하고 길이는 3 cm로 잘라 부피비로 0.5%, 0.7%, 1.0%, 1.5%를 포함하도록 섬유강화 콘크리트(fiber reinforced concrete, FRC)를 제작하였다. 압축강도, 인장강도, 휨강도를 비교하기 위해 강화재를 포함하지 않은 것과 합성수지(polypropylene, PP)를 0.1% 포함하는 비교 샘플도 제작하였다. 실험결과 인장강도와 휨강도는 PP를 포함하는 것과 유사하거나 버금가는 강도를 보인 반면, 압축강도는 강화재를 넣지 않은 것과 유사하거나(3 mm 폭), 약 20% 정도 감소하였다(1 mm 폭). 이 결과를 바탕으로 폐 FRP 소재를 건축자재로 쓸 경우에는 압축강도가 큰 영향을 주지 않는 부분에 사용할 것을 권한다.

• 한국추진공학회지
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.1-8
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• 1999

$H_2$O/Kerosene을 사용하여 Unlike 충돌형 인젝터(FOOF형)에서 산화제와 연료의 운동량비 변화에 따른 혼합효율을 측정하였다. 모의 추진제의 운동량비 1.5(총혼합비 1.89)에서 혼합성능은 최대 값을 나타내었으며 모의 추진제의 실험결과는 실제 추진제인 LOX/Kerosene에 적용하여 혼합특성속도 효율을 예측하였다 연구 결과 혼합특성속도 효율은 운동량비 2.0에서 최대 값을 나타내었다. 이러한 예측은 실제 연소실험을 통하여 얻어진 연소효율과 약간의 차이는 있으나 초기설계자료로서 충분한 가치가 있는 것으로 판단된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제22권9호
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• pp.1234-1240
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• 2009

Gene flow, genetic structure and differentiation of Kutchi, Mehsana and Sirohi breeds of goat from North-Western India were evaluated based on 25 microsatellite markers so as to support breed conservation and improvement decisions. The microsatellite genotyping was carried out using an automated DNA sequencer. The gene diversity across the studied loci for the Kutchi breed varied from 0.57 (ILST 065) to 0.93 (OarFCB 304, OMHC 1, ILSTS 058) with an overall mean of 0.79${\pm}$0.02. The corresponding values for Mehsana and Sirohi breeds were 0.16 (ILST 008) to 0.93 (OMHC 1, ILSTS 058) with an average of 0.76${\pm}$0.04, and 0.50 (ILSTS 029) to 0.94 (ILSTS 058) with an average of 0.78${\pm}$0.02, respectively. The Mehsana breed had lowest gene diversity among the 3 breeds studied. All the populations showed an overall significant heterozygote deficit ($F_{is}$). The Fis values were 0.26, 0.14 and 0.36 for Kutchi, Mehsana and Sirohi goat breeds, respectively. Kutchi and Mehsana were more differentiated (16%) followed by Mehsana and Sirohi (13%).The measures of standard genetic distance between pairs of breeds indicated that the lowest genetic distance was between Kutchi and Sirohi breeds (0.73) and the largest genetic distance was between Mehsana and Kutchi (1.0) followed by Sirohi and Mehsana (0.75) breeds. Mehsana and Kutchi are distinct breeds and this was revealed by the estimated genetic distance between them. All measures of genetic variation revealed substantial genetic variation in each of the populations studied, thereby showing good scope for their further improvement.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.323-330
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• 1988

한국 동해 연안역의 공간적인 수온변동 특성을 밝히기 위하여 23년간 평균된 월별 평균수온 자료를 이용하여 0m 층에서 300m층 까지 각각 수층별로 E.O.F 분석을 행하고, T-S diagram과 단면별 수온분포도를 작성하여 비교, 검토하였다. 대표적인 수온의 변동양상에 따라 표층 (0m\~50m), 차층 $(100m\~150m)$ 및 중층$(200\~300m)$으로 나누었다. 수온변동량의 1st mode값에 의한 각 수층별 수온변동 양상을 요약하면 다음과 간다. 표층에서의 수온은 주로 계절적인 변동양상을 보인다. $100\~150m$ 층의 수온은 난류수와 냉수간의 상호작용과 상층으로 부터의 열의 전달작용에 의하여 주로 변동됨을 알 수 있다. $200~300m$ 층에서의 수온변동은 주로 연안 저층냉수의 이류에 의하여 지배되는 것으로 사료된다. 본 연구는 1987년도 문교부 기초과학 육성연구비의 지원에 의하여 이루어 졌다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제31권9호
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• pp.1393-1400
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• 2018

Objective: This study was carried out to assess the haplotype diversity and population dynamics in cattle populations of Ethiopia. Methods: We sequenced the complete mitochondrial cytochrome b gene of 76 animals from five indigenous and one Holstein Friesian${\times}$Barka cross bred cattle populations. Results: In the sequence analysis, 18 haplotypes were generated from 18 segregating sites and the average haplotype and nucleotide diversities were $0.7540{\pm}0.043$ and $0.0010{\pm}0.000$, respectively. The population differentiation analysis shows a weak population structure (4.55%) among the populations studied. Majority of the variation (95.45%) is observed by within populations. The overall average pair-wise distance ($F_{ST}$) was 0.049539 with the highest ($F_{ST}=0.1245$) and the lowest ($F_{ST}=0.011$) $F_{ST}$ distances observed between Boran and Abigar, and Sheko and Abigar from the indigenous cattle, respectively. The phylogenetic network analysis revealed that all the haplotypes detected clustered together with the Bos taurus cattle and converged to a haplogroup. No haplotype in Ethiopian cattle was observed clustered with the reference Bos indicus group. The mismatch distribution analysis indicates a single population expansion event among the cattle populations. Conclusion: Overall, high haplotype variability was observed among Ethiopian cattle populations and they share a common ancestor with Bos taurus.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제53권8호
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• pp.617-626
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• 2020

본 연구에서는 TELEMAC-2D를 이용하여 개수로 분류부에서 분류각과 분류유량비 변화에 따른 유속분포, 흐름분리구역의 크기, 분류각과 유량비 변화의 상관관계를 파악하였다. 상·하류단 경계조건의 변화 없이 분류각만 90°에서 45°로 감소하면 주흐름에서 분리되어 분류수로로 유입되는 흐름의 곡률반경이 증가하고 급격한 흐름방향의 전환에 의한 에너지손실은 감소하며, 주수로와 분류수로 하류방향으로 흐르는 흐름의 관성력과 하류단 경계조건에 의한 압력경사의 영향으로 분류수로에 유입되는 분류유량비가 0.523에서 0.785로 약 1.5배 증가하였다. 분류부 상류 유입흐름의 프루우드 수가 F₁ = 0.45~0.74인 흐름에서 분류각을 90°에서 45°로 15° 간격으로 감소할 때마다 분류유량비는 각각 6~10%, 17~30%, 32~54%로 비선형적으로 증가하며, F₁가 최대 0.74인 흐름에서 분류유량비 증가율이 31.1%로 최소값을 나타내고 F₁ = 0.58 일 때 분류유량비가 0.7 이하이면서 최대 분류유량비 증가율 53.5%을 나타내며, F₁이 0.58보다 감소할수록 분류유량비가 0.7을 초과하면서 그 증가율도 함께 감소하게 된다. F₁ > 0.4인 흐름은 F₁ < 0.4의 흐름보다 무차원 흐름분리구역의 폭(S_W/B) 변화율은 약 2.56배 높으며 무차원 흐름분리구역 길이(S_L/B) 변화율은 약 5.5배 높게 나타난다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.481-485
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• 1992

In order to upgrade native sheep, Rambouillet (R) rams were mated to Kaghani (K) ewes to generate F1 ($R{\times}K$) crossbred ewes. Crossbred ewes were backcrossed to Rambouillet rams to produce B1 ($R{\times}F1$), B2 ($R{\times}B1$) and B3 ($R{\times}B2$) genotypes. Weaning weight of 2605 lambs and wool weight of 2378 mature ewe records, representing R, K, F1, B1, B2 and B3 genotypes, were analyzed to compare genetic variation among genotypes produced during upgrading process and identify genotypes of the highest performance. Performance of Rambouillets was also evaluated under semi-temperate climate. Data were adjusted for yearly variation considering Rambouillet as a control. Genotypes influenced lambs weaning weight (p<.01). B1 lambs were heaviest (18.4 kg) followed in order by B2, F1, B3, R and K lambs (18.3, 17.9, 16.9, 16.8 and 13.2 kg, respectively). The highest wool production was 2.5 kg from R ewes followed by B2 (2.3), B3 (2.3), F1 (2.0) and K (1.2) ewes (p < .01). Ewe mating weight, reproduction, growth and wool production of Rambouillets deteriorated significantly after the first decade of their importation. Compared with the first phase (1959-1971), ewe mating weight, litter size, birth weight, lamb weaning weight and wool production declined by 20, 23, 32 and 36%, respectively, in the second phase (1972-1988).

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.91-98
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• 2013

This paper investigated Korean prosody as it relates to graded internal structure in an identification function. Within Korean prosody, variants regarded as dialectal variations can appear as different prosodic scales, which contain the range of within-category variations. The current experiment was intended to show how the prosodic scale corresponding to the range of within-category differences relates to f0 contours for speakers of two Korean dialects, North Kyungsang and South Cholla. In an identification task, participants responded by selecting an item from two answer choices. The probability of choosing the correct response from the two choices was computed by a logistic regression analysis using intercepts and slopes. That is, the correct response between two choices was used to show a linear line with an s-shape presentation. In this paper, to investigate the graded internal structure of labeling, 25%, 50%, and 75% of predicted probability were assessed. Listeners from North Kyungsang showed progressive variations, whereas listeners from South Cholla revealed random patterns in the internal structure of the identification function. In this paper, the results were plotted using scatterplot graphs, applying the range of within-category variation and predicted probability obtained from the logistic regression analyses. The scatterplot graphs showed the different degree of the responses for f0 scales (i.e., variations within categories). The results demonstrate that the gradient structures of native pitch accent users become more progressive in response to f0 scales.