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1-Methyl Substituent and Stereochemical Effects of 2-Phenylcyclopropylamines on the Inhibition of Rat Brain Mitochondrial Monoamine Oxidase A and B

  • Kang, Gun-Il;Hong, Suk-Kil;Choi, Hee-Kyung
    • Archives of Pharmacal Research
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    • v.10 no.1
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    • pp.50-59
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    • 1987
  • (E)-2-Phenylcyclopropylamine ((E)-TCP), (Z)-2-Phenylacyclopropylamine ((Z)-TCP), (E)-1-methyl-2-phenylcyclopropylamine ((E)-MTCP), and (Z)-1-methyl-2-phenylcyclopropylamine ((Z)-MTCP) were synthesized and used to determine to what extent 1-methylsubstitution and stereochemistry of 2-phenycyclopropylamines affect inhibition of monoamine oxidase (MAO). Inhibition of rat brain mitochondrial MAO-A and B by the compounds were measured using serotonin and benzylamine as the substrate, respectively and $IC_{50}$ values obtianed with 95% confidence limits by the method of computation. For the inhibition of MAO-A, (E)-MTPC ($IC_{50}$ = 6.2 * $10^{-8}$M) was found to be 37 times more potent than (Z)-MTCP ($IC_{50}$ = 7.8 * $10^{-8}$M), was 7 times more potent than (Z)-MTCP($IC_{50}$= 4.7 * $10^{-7}$M) and (E)-TCP($IC_{50}$ =7.8 * $10^{-8}$M),0.6 times as potent as (Z)- TCP ($IC_{50}$ = 4.4 * $10^{-8}$M). The results suggested that while without 1-methyl group, potency of a (Z)-isomer was comparable to that of (E)-isomer, the methyl group in its (Z)-position was very unfavorable to the inhibition of MAO and that in its (E)-position, the methyl group contributed positively to the potency as found by the fact that (E)-MTCP was 1-5 times more potent than (E)-TCP. In view of the selective inhibition of MAO-A- or B over MAO-A and 1-methyl substitution as well as the stereochemical factors did not significantly influence the selectivity.

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Phase Stability of bulk $(R_{0.8}Ca_{0.2})Ba_2Cu_3O_z$ (R = Lu and Y) Compounds ($(R_{0.8}Ca_{0.2})Ba_2Cu_3O_{7-z}$ (R = Lu 및 Y)의 상 안정도 특성)

  • Bae, S.M.;Lee, H.K.
    • Progress in Superconductivity
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    • v.11 no.1
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    • pp.25-29
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    • 2009
  • Polycrystalline samples of $(R_{0.8}Ca_{0.2})Ba_2Cu_3O_{7-z}$ (R = Lu and Y) were synthesized by a solid-state reaction route, and the phase stabilities were examined by heating at temperatures between $800^{\circ}C$ and $900^{\circ}C$ in various atmospheres. A comparative analyses of the x-ray diffraction data of the $(Lu_{0.8}Ca_{0.2})Ba_2Cu_3O_{7-z}$ and $(Y_{0.8}Ca_{0.2})Ba_2Cu_3O_{7-z}$ compounds showed that the 123 phase of both compounds is stable under heating in air and $O_2$ of 1 atm. However, contrary to the $(Y_{0.8}Ca_{0.2})Ba_2Cu_3O_{7-z}$ compound, the $(Lu_{0.8}Ca_{0.2})Ba_2Cu_3O_z$ compound was found to become unstable when heated in the low oxygen partial pressure below about 8 % $O_2\;in\;N_2$, Considering the instability of parent $LuBa_2Cu_3O_z$ compound, this result suggests that the phase stability of Lu-based 123 compounds is sensitive to both the composition and the oxygen partial pressure.

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The Effects of Child Health Program on Body Composition, Body Balance, Physical Fitness, Health Promotion Behavior among Obese Children (튼튼이교실 프로그램이 초등학교 비만아동의 신체조성, 신체균형, 체력 및 건강증진행위에 미치는 효과 - 전남 목포시의 일 초등학교 학생들을 대상으로 -)

  • Im, Eun-Suk;Go, Mi-Ja;Kang, Kwang-Soon;Han, Yu-Jeong
    • The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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    • v.9 no.1
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    • pp.17-31
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    • 2008
  • Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of child health program on body composition, body balance, physical fitness, health promotion behavior in obese elementary school. Methods: They ranged from the third to fith grade with over 20% body fat ratio. The subjects consisted of 20 obese elementary school children who participated in child health program. The contents of the program for 12 weeks from contained obese education, counseling and music rope jump twice a week. The program lasted from Sep. 3 to Nov. 30, 2007. The data were analysed with SAS 8.2. Results: Muscle mass(z=2.86, p=0.028), skeletal muscle mass(z=2.56, p=0.008), and fat free mass(z=2.57. p=0.006) in body composition were significantly increased. right arm balance(z=4.12. p=0.001), left arm balance(z=2.96, p=0.010), and trunk balance(z=3.70, p=0.001), right leg balance(z=2.42 p=0.013) in body balance were also significantly increased. endurance(z=2.61. p=0.028), agility(z=3.43, p=0.006), flexibility(z=4.37, p=0.000), power(z=6.94, p=0.000) in physical fitness were significantly increased. Health promotion and behaviors were significantly increased(z=2.21. p=0.012). Conclusions: Child health promotion seemed to be useful for body composion, body balance. physical fitness and health promotion behavior.

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The Explicit Expression of the Atomic Thermal Parameters (원자의 온도 매개변수의 정확한 표현)

  • William P. Jensen;Suh, Il-Hwan
    • Korean Journal of Crystallography
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    • v.9 no.2
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    • pp.149-152
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    • 1998
  • The accurate expression of the anisotropic thermal parameters is either exp (-2$π^{2}$ < $h^{2}$ $\frac{$u_x^2$}{$a^{2}$}$ + $k^{2}$ $\frac{$u_y^2$}{$b^{2}$}$ + $l^{2}$ $\frac{$u_z^2$}{$c^{2}$}$ + 2hk $\frac{$u_{x}}{a}$ $\frac{$u_{y}}{b}$ 2hl $\frac{$u_{x}}{a}$ $\frac{$u_{z}}{c}$ 2kl $\frac{$u_{y}}{b}$ $\frac{$u_{z}}{c}$ > ) with the small displacements Ux, Uy, uz, in absolute measure or exp (-2$π^{2}$ < $h^{2}$ $u_x^2$ + $k^{2}$ $u_y^{2}$ + $l^{2}$ $u_z^{2}$ + 2hk$u_{x}$ $u_{y}$ + 2hl$u_{x}$$u_{z}$ + 2kl$u_{y}$ $u_{z}$ > ) with the small displacements Ux, Uy, Uz in fractional measure.

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Continuity of directional entropy for a class of $Z^2$-actions

  • Park, Kyewon-K.
    • Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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    • v.32 no.3
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    • pp.573-582
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    • 1995
  • J.Milnor[Mi2] has introduced the notion of directional entropy in his study of Cellular Automata. Cellular Automaton map can be considered as a continuous map from a space $K^Z^n$ to itself which commute with the translation of the lattice $Z^n$. Since the space $K^Z^n$ is compact, map S is uniformly continuous. Hence S is a block map(a finite code)[He]. (S is said to have a finite memory.) In the case of n = 1, we have a shift map, T on $K^Z$, and a block map S and they together generate a $Z^2$ action.

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Extreme Preservers of Zero-term Rank Sum over Fuzzy Matrices

  • Song, Seok-Zun;Na, Yeon-Jung
    • Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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    • v.50 no.4
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    • pp.465-472
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    • 2010
  • In this paper, we consider two extreme sets of zero-term rank sum of fuzzy matrix pairs: $$\cal{z}_1(\cal{F})=\{(X,Y){\in}\cal{M}_{m,n}(\cal{F})^2{\mid}z(X+Y)=min\{z(X),z(Y)\}\};$$ $$\cal{z}_2(\cal{F})=\{(X,Y){\in}\cal{M}_{m,n}(\cal{F})^2{\mid}z(X+Y)=0\}$$. We characterize the linear operators that preserve these two extreme sets of zero-term rank sum of fuzzy matrix pairs.

HANKEL DETERMINANTS FOR STARLIKE FUNCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO SYMMETRICAL POINTS

  • Nak Eun Cho;Young Jae Sim;Derek K. Thomas
    • Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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    • v.60 no.2
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    • pp.389-404
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    • 2023
  • We prove sharp bounds for Hankel determinants for starlike functions f with respect to symmetrical points, i.e., f given by $f(z)=z+{\sum{_{n=2}^{\infty}}}\,{\alpha}_nz^n$ for z ∈ 𝔻 satisfying $$Re{\frac{zf^{\prime}(z)}{f(z)-f(-z)}}>0,\;z{\in}{\mathbb{D}}$$. We also give sharp upper and lower bounds when the coefficients of f are real.

Structure and Magnetic Properties on Synthesis Route of Co2Z-type Barium Hexaferrite (Co2Z-type Barium Hexaferrite의 합성방법에 따른 결정구조 및 자기적 특성)

  • Baek, In Seung;Nam, In Tak
    • Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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    • v.24 no.1
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    • pp.1-10
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    • 2014
  • $Co_2Z$-type barium ferrites ($Ba_3Co_2Fe_{24}O_{41}$) were synthesized using variation method. First, M-type, $Co_2Y$-type and $Co_2Z$-type synthesized by hydrothermal method. Second, M- and Y-type precursors for synthesis of $Co_2Z$ hexaferrite by hydrothermal and ball milling method. the morphology, structure and magnetic properties of the barium ferrite particles were characterized using XRD, FESEM, VSM, impedance. As a result, Single phase of M-type and $Co_2Y$-type were obtained. Manufactured powders of M+Y ball milling, M+Y hydrothermal were similar to single phase of $Co_2Z$-type hexaferrite, all powders were obtained theoretical magnetization (50 emu/g). The largest initial permeability were obtained $Co_2Z$ hexaferrite synthesized by reagent precusor, With increasing calcination temperature was lowered the initial permeability. In another synthesis didn't almost that little change could be found.

ON THE STABILITY OF THE QUADRATIC-ADDITIVE FUNCTIONAL EQUATION IN RANDOM NORMED SPACES VIA FIXED POINT METHOD

  • Jin, Sun Sook;Lee, Yang-Hi
    • Journal of the Chungcheong Mathematical Society
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    • v.25 no.2
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    • pp.201-215
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    • 2012
  • In this paper, we prove the stability in random normed spaces via fixed point method for the functional equation $f(x+y+z+w)\;+\;2f(x)\;+\;2f(y)\;+\;2f(z)\;+\;2f(w)\;-\;f(x+y)\;-\;f(x+z)\;-\;f(x+w)\;-\;f(y+z)\;-\;f(y+w)\;-\;f(z+w)=0$.