• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.340-344
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• 1983

It has been found that both of the iridium (Ⅰ) complexes, Ir$(ClO_4$)(AN)(CO)$(Ph_3P)_2$(AN = $CH_2$CHCN, $Ph_3P = (C_6H_5)_3$P) and [Ir(AN)(CO)$(Ph_3P)_2]ClO_4$, react with $Cl^-$ to give IrCl(AN)(CO)$(Ph_3P)_2$, and [Ir(AN)(CO)$(Ph_3P)_2]ClO_4$ dissociates AN to yield Ir$(ClO_4)(CO)(Ph_3P)_2$ in the absence of excess AN added, and Ir$(ClO_4)(CO)(Ph_3P)_2$ reacts with $Cl^-$ to produce IrCl(CO)$(Ph_3P)_2$. It is suggested that the catalytic polymerization of AN with Ir$(ClO_4)(AN)(CO)(Ph_3P)_2$ proceeds through the formation of [(CO)(Ph_3P)_2$Ir(-CH=CHCN)(H)($CH_2$=CHCN)]Cl$O_4$ followed by the formation of iridium(alkyl)(alkenyl) type complex which undergoes a reductive elimination to produce the polymer of acrylonitrile.

• 보존과학연구
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• s.19
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• pp.3-22
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• 1998

The effect of pH on degradation of paper by some fungi, which able to degrade cellulose, was investigated. Trichoderma koningii, Aspergillus nigerand Penicillium nigulosum were cultured at $28^{\circ}C$ for 16 days in the selective medium (PH3, PH4, PH5, PH6, PH7, PH8, PH9, PH10, PHC) containing paper as substrate. Each paper was pretreated with each pH buffer (pH 3∼pH 10, D.W.)prior to addition to the selective medium. Enzyme activities in the each culture medium were measured spectroph to metrically using C.M.C., Avicel, PNPG as the substrates for endoglucanase, exoglucanase and $\beta$-glucosidase, respectively. In all experimental fungi, the enzyme activities of PH3 and PH9 medium were usually much higher than those of other experimental groups. However in the PH6medium, enzyme activity was lower than other groups. To analyze the concentration and pattern of protein in the each culture medium, the medium was concentrated by lyophilization. The protein concentration of PH3 and PH9 medium were relatively high (T.koningii; 6.31mg, 6,19mg, A.niger; 1.62mg, 1.96mg, P.nigulosum;2.50mg, 2.73mg, respectively), but that of PH6 was relatively low. The protein pattern of each medium was analyzed by using SDS-PAGE and VDS Image Master Analysis Program. The concentrations of bands in the each lane were usually high at lane2 (PH3) and lane8 (PH9) and low at lane5 (PH6). Therefore, the incresed cellulolytic activity of fungus against acidified paper could be result of structural change and deterioration of paper caused by being acidified.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.340-344
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• 1998

A facile synthesis of 4,5-(1',2'-diphenylethylenedithio)-1,3-dithiole-2-thione (dPhEDT-DTT) is carried out via a Diels-Alder type [2+4] cycloaddition reaction of 1,3-dithiol-2,4,5-trithione oligomer and t-stilbene. Molecular structure of dPhEDT-DTT is determined by x-ray crystallography: space group P1, a=11.694(3) Å, b=12.117(3) Å, c=14.688(3) Å, α=113.12(2)°, β=102.23(2)°, γ=107.02(2)°, V= 1699.1(7) Å3, Z=2. It turns out that dPhEDT-DTT crystallizes as a racemic compound consisting of (R,R) and (S,S) enantiomers. Coupling reaction of dPhEDT-DTO undergone in neat P(OEt)3 yields TTF(SEt)4 instead of ET derivative. When PR3 (R=OEt, OPh, Ph) is used in benzene, toluene or xylene, however, dPhEDT-DTO is decomposed.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.588-593
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• 2010

New seven acrylic monomers with covalently bonded silicon, germanium, and tin were prepared for high refractive index materials. The monomers were copolymerized with a cross-linkable comonomer (Trimer) to prepare UV-films for optical characterization. The refractive index of the copolymers increased in proportion to the monomer content and extrapolated to determine that of homopolymer. $Ph_3Si$, $Ph_3Ge$, and $Ph_3Sn$ groups contributed to increase the refractive index of acrylic polymer, in which $Ph_3Sn$ was more effective than $Ph_3Ge$. The index increment confidently occurred with $Bu_3Sn$ attachment in comparison with aliphatic acrylic polymers. $Ph_3SnS$-attached acrylate polymer showed a refractive index of 1.671 at 589 nm. The index change was similarly observed at various different wavelengths (656, 830, 1310, and 1550 nm).

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.233-238
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• 1995

'#65279;We made $P_2O_5-SiO_2$ films on silicon for integrated optics application by low pressure chemical vapor deposition using TEOS(tetraethylorthosilicate), TMPite(trimethylphosphite) and phosphine($PH_3$). And We studied and compared between TMPite and PH, as a dopant of P in PSG films in the aspect of the de,position characteristics. Deposition rate of TMPate-PSG films was $55 \AA/min$ which was smaller than 90 A/min , that of $PH_3-PSG$ films. Thickness deviation of TMPate-PSG films was 2% and that of PH3-PSG was 4.5%. So TMPate-PSG films had a good quality in thickness uniformity. The range of refractive index was controlled from 1.445 to 1.468 at 633 nm in TMPate-PSG films and it was controlled from 1.456 to 1.476 in $PH_3-PSG$ films.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.15-18
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• 2011

The toxicities of phenanthrene (PH) and pyrene (PY) are less than benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), but both compounds are found in higher concentrations in the air, feed, and food. Most PAHs are metabolized to hydroxylated compounds by the hepatic cytochrome P450 monooxigenases system. Metabolites are excreted into urine and feces. We determined concentrations of PH, PY and BaP in muscle and hydroxylated metabolites, 3-OH-PH, 1-OH-PY, and 3-OH-BaP, respectively, in urine from dairy cattle (n = 24). We also evaluated the relationship between parent compounds in muscle and their metabolites in urine. Concentrations of PH and PY in muscle ranged from 0.7~4.8 ng/g ($1.8{\pm}1.7$) and 0.4~4.1 ng/g ($1.2{\pm}1.2$), respectively. Concentrations of 3-OH-PH and 1-OH-PY in urine ranged from 0.1~5.9 ng/ml ($2.9{\pm}3.7$) and 0.5~3.6 ng/ml ($1.9{\pm}2.3$), respectively. Correlation coefficient for PY concentration in muscle versus 1-OH-PY in urine was 0.657 and for PH concentration in muscle versus 3-OH-PH in urine was 0.579. Coefficient determination for PY and PH concentrations in muscle was 0.886 and for 1-OH-PY and 3-OH-PH in urine was 0.834. This study suggests that 1-OH-PY and 3-OH-PH could be used as biomarkers for PAHs exposure in dairy cattle.

• Journal of Integrative Natural Science
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.131-136
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• 2017

The chemical shifts in the $^{13}C$ NMR spectra of 2,3,4,5-tetraphenyl-1-silacyclopentdienide dianion $[SiC_4Ph_4]^{2-}{\cdot}2[K^+]$ (3) and 2,3,4,5-tetraphenyl-1-germacyclopentdienide dianion $[GeC_4Ph_4]^{2-}{\cdot}2[K^+]$ (4) were compared to those of $[SiC_4Ph_4]^{2-}{\cdot}2[Li^+]$ (5), $[SiC_4Ph_4]^{2-}{\cdot}2[Na^+]$ (6), and $[GeC_4Ph_4]^{2-}{\cdot}2[Li^+]$ (7). The average polarizations in two phenyl groups of two potassium salts are decreased over 15% to 20% comparing to those of the lithium salts and sodium salt {$[EC_4Ph_4]^{2-}{\cdot}2[M^+]$ (E=Si, Ge, M=Li, Na) due to the effect of the counter potassium cation.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.81-86
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• 1992

The electrophilic and nucleophilic reactions of M(S-S,ph)(N-N,H) (M = Ni(II), Pd(II), Pt(II); (S-S,ph) = 1,2-diphenylethylenedithiolate; (N-N,H)=1,10-phenanthroline) complexes have been investigated. Reaction with norbornadiene depended upon the back donating ability of the central metal ion and produced 2,5-dithia-3,4-diphenyl-tricyclo[4,4,1,0]-undeca-3,8-diene. In the reaction with methyl iodide, the effect of cleavage of (N-N,H) ligand affected the yield of methylated $M(S-S,ph)_2$ product. The structure of the thermolysis product, ${\alpha},{\alpha}{\prime}$-bismethylthiostibene $(CH_3S-SCH_3,ph)$ of methylated complexes indicates that the main product of the nucleophilic reaction is $M(CH_3S-SCH_3,ph)(S-S,ph)$. We have synthesized a new mixed-ligand complex M(S-S,CN)(N-N,H)((S-S,CN) = 1,2-dicyanoethylenedithiolate) through the nucleophilic reaction of ligand.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.32 no.8
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• pp.2705-2710
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• 2011

Four MOFs functionalized with 1-Me, 1-Pr, 1-Ph, and 1-$PhCF_3$ were prepared through post-synthetic modifications of a metal-organic framework (MOF), UMCM-1-$NH_2$ (1) with acetic, butyric, benzoic, and 4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic anhydrides, respectively. Methane adsorption measurements between 253 and 298 K at pressures up to 1 bar indicated that both 1-Ph and 1-$PhCF_3$ adsorbed more $CH_4$ than the parent MOF, 1. All the functionalized MOFs adsorbed more $CO_2$ than 1 under conditions similar to the $CH_4$ test. The introduction of functional groups promoted adsorption of both $CH_4$ and $CO_2$ despite significantly reducing Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET) surface area: 4170 (1), 3550 (1-Me), 2900 (1-Pr), 3680 (1-Ph), and 3520 $m^2/g$ (1-$PhCF_3$). Electron-withdrawing aromatic groups (1-Ph, 1-$PhCF_3$) more effectively enhanced $CO_2$ adsorption than electron-donating alkyl groups (1-Me, 1-Pr). In particular, 1-Ph adsorbed 23% more $CO_2$ at 298 K and 50% more at 253 K than 1.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.24 no.8
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• pp.678-681
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• 2011

We have investigated the effect of organic thin film on the driving voltage of OLED (organic light emitting diode) by inserting a 5 nm thick 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (BCP) or triphenylphosphineoxide ($Ph_3PO$) between tris-(8-hydroxyquinoline)aluminum ($Alq_3$) electron transport layer and 4,4'-bis(2,2'-diphyenylvinyl)-1,1'-biphenyl (DPVBi) emission layer. The device with 5 nm thick $Ph_3PO$ layer exhibited higher maximum current efficiency and lower driving voltage than the device with BCP layer, resulting from better electron injection from $Alq_3$ to DPVBi in the device with $Ph_3PO$ layer.