• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.1-6
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• 2022

In this paper, we estimate the mean number of objects in the M/H₂/1 model for web service when the mean object size in the M/H₂/1 model is equal to that of the M/G/1/PS and M/BP/1 models. To this end, we use the mean object size obtained by assuming that the mean latency of deterministic model is equal to that of M/H₂/1, M/G/1/PS, and M/BP/1 models, respectively. Computational experiments show that if the shape parameter of the M/BP/1 model is 1.1 and the system load is greater than 0.35, the mean number of objects in the M/H₂/1 model when mean object size of M/H₂/1 model is the same as that of M/G/1/PS model is almost equal to the mean number of objects in the M/H₂/1 model when the mean object size of M/H₂/1 model is the same as that of M/BP/1 model. In addition, as the upper limit of the M/BP/1 model increases, the number of objects in the M/H₂/1 model converges to one, which increases latency. These results mean that it is efficient to use small-sized objects in the web service environment.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.20 no.10
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• pp.1517-1524
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• 2007

The [$^2H_5$]phenylalanine model was compared with the [1-$^{13}C$]leucine method to determine whole body protein synthesis (WBPS) and degradation (WBPD) in sheep fed at two levels. The animals were fed either 103 (M-diet) or 151 (H-diet) kcal $ME/kg^{0.75}/day$ once daily in a crossover design for 21 days each. The isotope dilutions were simultaneously conducted as a primed-continuous infusion of [$^2H_5$]phenylalanine, [$^2H_2$]tyrosine and [1-$^{13}C$]leucine on each dietary treatment. The WBPS and WBPD calculated from the [$^2H_5$]phenylalanine model were lower (p = 0.009 and p = 0.003, respectively) than those calculated from the [1-$^{13}C$]leucine method. The WBPS tended to be higher (p = 0.08) and WBPD was numerically higher (p = 0.33) for H-diet than M-diet in the [$^2H_5$]phenylalanine model, whereas the WBPS was numerically higher (p = 0.37) for H-diet and WBPS remained similar (p = 0.79) between diets in the [1-$^{13}C$]leucine method. However, the absolute values and the directions of WBPS as well as WBPD from M-diet to H-diet were comparable between the [$^2H_5$]phenylalanine model and [1-$^{13}C$]leucine method. Moreover, the values vary depending on the use of the respective amino acid contents in the carcass protein when calculating WBPS and WBPD. Therefore, it is concluded that the [$^2H_5$]phenylalanine model could be used as an alternative to the [1-$^{13}C$]leucine method for the determination of WBPS and WBPD in sheep.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.201-207
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• 1979

The stow net now used in the Yellow Sea, are traditional bag net with the opening held by a lighter upper and a weighted lower beams standing against the current. Such bag net anchored at the bottom are known in many countries, particularly in the estuaries of large rivers, but more rarely in sea fisheries, because they are too much affected by the weather, moreover a permanent strong current is necessary. Some scientists intended to improve this fishing gear, using the shearing devices instead of a lighter upper and a weighted lower beams in order to widen mouth of the stow net however they are unsuccessful. One-fortieth scale model net of the stow net was tested in a circular water tank with an effective volume of $5.67m\times1.76m\times1.00m$ of observing the configuration and tension of the net. Experiments were carried out under the various combination including water velocity, spherical floats and elevating floats with the shearing hoods instead of the upper beam. We found those devices offered a very low resistance per net area to current compared with the spherical floats or upper beam, and had a fairly good shearing power at any velocity and direction of the current. The total resistance (R) of the model net to which shearing hoods and floats are attached can be induced by the following formula under the condition of 0.25m/sec to 0.5m/sec, $$R(kg)=3.11V^{1.54}$$ The height (h) of the improved model net (m-B) is higher than traditional model net(m-A) with upper and lower beams, m-A: h(cm)=89.22-2.42(V-15). $V\geqq15,\;cm/sec$ m-B: h(cm)=89.20-0.78V (V:cm/sec) The catch efficiency of improved model net is 1.5 times traditional model net.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.21-32
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• 1980

Linear models, with and without site variables, have been investigated in order to develop an alternative methodology for determining optimal fertilizer levels. The resultant models are : (1) Model I is an ordinary quadratic response function formed by combining the simple response function estimated at each site in block diagonal form, and has parameters [${\gamma}^{(1)}_{m{\ell}}$], for m=1, 2, ${\cdots}$, n sites and degrees of polynomial, ${\ell}$=0, 1, 2. (2) Mode II is a multiple regression model with a set of site variables (including an intercept) repeated for each fertilizer level and the linear and quadratic terms of the fertilizer variables arranged in block diagonal form as in Model I. The parameters are equal to [${\beta}_h\;{\gamma}^{(2)}_{m{\ell}}$] for h=0, 1, 2, ${\cdots}$, k site variable, m=1, 2, ${\cdots}$ and ${\ell}$=1, 2. (3) Model III is a classical response surface model, I. e., a common quadratic polynomial model for the fertilizer variables augmented with site variables and interactions between site variables and the linear fertilizer terms. The parameters are equal to [${\beta}_h\;{\gamma}_{\ell}\;{\theta}_h$], for h=0, 1, ${\cdots}$, k, ${\ell}$=1, 2, and h'=1, 2, ${\cdots}$, k. (4) Model IV has the same basic structure as Mode I, but estimation procedure involves two stages. In stage 1, yields for each fertilizer level are regressed on the site variables and the resulting predicted yields for each site are then regressed on the fertilizer variables in stage 2. Each model has been evaluated under the assumption that Model III is the postulated true response function. Under this assumption, Models I, II and IV give biased estimators of the linear fertilizer response parameter which depend on the interaction between site variables and applied fertilizer variables. When the interaction is significant, Model III is the most efficient for calculation of optimal fertilizer level. It has been found that Model IV is always more efficient than Models I and II, with efficiency depending on the magnitude of ${\lambda}m$, the mth diagonal element of X (X' X)' X' where X is the site variable matrix. When the site variable by linear fertilizer interaction parameters are zero or when the estimated interactions are not important, it is demonstrated that Model IV can be a reasonable alternative model for calculation of optimal fertilizer level. The efficiencies of the models are compared us ing data from 256 fertilizer trials on rice conducted in Korea. Although Model III is usually preferred, the empirical results from the data analysis support the feasibility of using Model IV in practice when the estimated interaction term between measured soil organic matter and applied nitrogen is not important.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 1987

In order to develop a convenient Korean food service system in commercial kitchen, processing procedure and recipe of 10 kinds of Korean food to be served as a convenient foods were decided. Moving distance and required energy of laborer in the commercial and model restaurants which have the area of $62.8m^2$ and $32.4m^2$, respectively, were measured by arranging these machinery. The results obtained were summarized as follows. In case of restaurant with the area of $62.8m^2$, moving distance, working hours and required energy of laborers were 1,922m, 2,986min and 4,704kcal in C-store, 2,134m, 3,173min and 5,001.7kcal in T-store, and 1,704m, 2,808min and 4,414.5kcal in model restaurant, respectively. Therefore energy requirements of the model restaurant were less 289.5kcal (4.5%) and 587.2kcal (10.1%) than those of C and T store. In case of restaurant with the area of $32.4m^2$, moving distance, working hours and required energy of laborer in S store were 1,277m, 2,926min and 4,588kcal, 1,425m, 3,108min and 4,873.8kcal in H restaurant and 1,167m, 2,798min and 4,381.4kcal in model restaurant, respectively. Therefore energy requirements of the model restaurant were less 206.6kcal (4.7%) and 492.4kcal (11.2%) than those of S store and H restaurant. When 6 kinds of convenient foods and 4 kinds of direct cooking foods were produced, moving distance, working hours and required energy of laborer in S store were 554.7m, 972min and 1,586.0kcal, 684.7m, 991min and 1,579.2kcal in H restaurant, 523.1m, 938min and 1,479.5kcal in model restaurant. Therefore energy requirements of the model restaurant were less 99.7kcal(6.7%) and 106.5kcal(7.2%) than those of S store and H restaurant. In case of the energy saving system kitchen, moving distance and required energy were saved less by 42% and by 20.4% than those of model kitchen, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.29-44
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• 1995

A model experiment on the pair midwater trawl net applicable to 800 PS class Korean pair bottom trawlers was carried out in the special-prepared experimental thank. the tank was prepared as a reverse trapezoid shape in its vertical section by digging out flat soil. The dimension of the tank showed the 9.6 W$\times$43.0 L(m) of the upper fringe and the 4.8 W$\times$38.0 L(m) of the bottom with 3.0m in depth. The depth of water was maintained 2.7m during experiment. The model net was prepared based on the Tauti's similarity law of fishing gear in 1/30 scale considering the dimension of the experimental tank. Mouth performance of the model net during towing were determined by the photographs taken in front of the net mouth with the combinations of towing velocity, warp length and distance between paired boats. The results obtained can be summarized as follows: 1. Vertical opening of the model nets A and B was varied in the range of 0.18~0.88 m and 0.21~0.78 m (which can be converted into 5.4~26.4m and 6.3~23.4 m in the full-scale net) respectively, and was varied predominantly by towing speed. Vertical opening (H which is appendixed m for the model net. f for the full-scale net. A and B for the types of the model net) can be expressed as the function of towing velocity$V_t$as in the model net $V_t$ : m/ sec)$H_{mA}$=1.67$e^{-1.65V_t}$ $H_{mB}$=1.15$e^{-1.13V_t}$, in the full-scale net ($V_t$ : k't) $H_{fA}$=50.27$e^-0.37V_t$ $H_{fB}$=34.46$e^{-0.26Vt}$. 2. Horizontal opening of the model nets An and b was varied in the range of 1.03~1.54m and 1.04~1.55 m (which can be converted into 30.9~46.2 m and 31.2~46.5m in the full-scale net) respectively, and was varied predominantly by distance between paired boats. Horizontal opening (W, appendixes are as same as the former) an be expressed as the function of distance between paired boats $D_b$as in the model net $W_{mA}$=0.69+0.09$D_b$ $W{mB}$=0.73+0.09$D_b$, in the full-scale net $W_{fA}$=20.81+0.09$D_b$ $W_{fB}$=22.11+0.09$D_b$ 3. Net opening area of the model net A and B was varied in the range of 0.28~1.04 $m^2$ and 0.33~0.94$m^2$(which can be converted into 252~936$m^2$ and 297~846$m^2$ in the full-scale net) respectively, and was varied predominantly by towing velocity. Net opening area ($S$, appendixes are as same as the former) van be expressed as the function of towing velocity$V_t$ as in the model net $v_t$ : m/sec) $S_{Ma}$=2.01$e^{-1.54V_T}$ $S_{mA}$=1.40$e^{-1.65V_t}$, in the full-scale net ($V_t$ : k't) $S_{fA}$=1.807$e^-0.35V_t$ $S_{fA}$=1.265$e^{-0.24V_t}$. 4. Filtering volume of the model nets A and B was varied in the range of 0.32~0.55 $m^3$ and 0.37~0.55$m^3$(which can be converted into 8.640~14.850 $m^3$ and 9.990~14.850$m3$in the full~scale net) respectively, and was predominantly varied by towing speed. filtering volume of the model net-A showed the maximum at the towing speed 0.69 m/sec(3 k't in the full-scale net), compared with that of the model net B showed at 0.92 m/sec(4 k't in the full-scale net).

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.154-158
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• 2013

We have analyzed the magnetization curves measures by using VSM and MOKE in synthetic antiferromagnetic coupled CoB/Ru/CoB thin film. The measured results were compared with calculated ones by Stoner-Wohlfarth model based on the magnetization behavior of two ferromagnetic layers ($M_1$, $M_2$). The calculated total magnetization ($M_{tot}=M_1+M_2$) and single layer magnetization($M_1$) behaviors were compared with measured results by using VSM and MOKE, respectively. The total magnetization curve ($M_{tot}=M_1+M_2$) showed reversible magnetization behavior with flopping field of about 50 Oe. While single layer magnetization ($M_1$) behaviors showed irreversible magnetization behavior in the field range of $H_F$ < H < $H_F$. These magnetization behaviors were explained by the angle difference between magnetization directions of two ferromagnetic layers in SAF sample.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.349-354
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• 2004

Predictive growth model of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in modified surimi-based imitation crab broth was investigated. Growth curves of V. parahaemolyticus were obtained by measuring cell concentration in culture broth under different conditions ($Initial\;cell\;level,\;1{\times}10^{2},\;1{\times}10^{3},\;and\;1{\times}10^{4}\;colony\;forming\;unit\;(CFU)/mL$; temperature, 15, 25 37, and $40^{\circ}C$; pH 6, 7, and 8) and applying them to Gompertz model. Microbial growth indicators, maximum specific growth rate (k), lag time (LT), and generation time (GT), were calculated from Gompertz model. Maximum specific growth rate (k) of V. parahaemolyticus increased with increasing temperature, reaching maximum rate at $37^{\circ}C$. LT and GT were also the shortest at $37^{\circ}C$. pH and initial cell number did not influence k, LT, and GT values significantly (p>0.05). Polynomial model, $k=a{\cdot}\exp(-0.5{\cdot}((T-T_{max}/b)^{2}+((pH-pH_{max)/c^{2}))$, and square root model, ${\sqrt{k}\;0.06(T-9.55)[1-\exp(0.07(T-49.98))]$, were developed to express combination effects of temperature and pH under each initial cell number using Gauss-Newton Algorism of Sigma plot 7.0 (SPSS Inc.). Relative coefficients between experimental k and k Predicted by polynomial model were 0.966, 0.979, and 0.965, respectively, at initial cell numbers of $1{\times}10^{2},\;1{\times}10^{3},\;and\;1{\times}10^{4}CFU/mL$, while that between experimental k and k Predicted by square root model was 0.977. Results revealed growth of V. parahaemolyticus was mainly affected by temperature, and square root model showing effect of temperature was more credible than polynomial model for prediction of V. parahaemolyticus growth.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.310-316
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• 1988

The gelatinized model food system were prepared by combining moisture, starch and protein, and the textural properties of their gels of different temperatures and times of heating were investigated by the use of Instron Universal Testing Machine. The hardness, springiness, cohesiveness, gumminess and chewiness of model foods had a high correlation with solid content and the regression equations between the hardness of model foods and moisture content heated for 20min. at $80{\circ}C$ were as follows; $H(PS_4)=18.6405-3.8201M+0.1959M^2,\;H(P_1S_1)=244.7933-5.692M+0.0332M^2,\;H(P_4S)=693.0292-16.6884M+0.1005M^2$, The correlation coefficients were $0.996^{**},\;0.998^{**}\;and\;0.998^{**}$, respectively. Total correlations between textural parameters and temperature and heating times were different according to model foods. The correlation between textural parameters was proportional to protein foods, but the hardness and cohesiveness of starch foods showed the relationship of inverse proportion. Under low solid content, the parameters of model foods appeared to decrease as protein content increased. Under high solid content, the parameters of protein foods were higher than those of starch foods above some level of protein content. The regression equation between the hardness and protein content heated for 20min. at $80^{\circ}C$ was as follows; Hardness(20%)=5.6858-13.5670P+$9.7758P^2$ and the correlation coefficient was $0.95^{**}$.

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.151-160
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• 2022

The sorption of Eu on MX-80 bentonite in Na-Ca-Cl solutions is investigated at a molal proton concentration (pH_m) range of 3 to 10 and an ionic strength (I) range of 0.1 to 6 m (mol·kgw^-1). The sorption equilibrium of Eu on MX-80 is achieved within 14 to 21 d at I = 0.1 and 6 m. The sorption distribution coefficient (K_d) values of Eu for MX-80 increase as pH_m increases from 3 to 6 for all I values, and they are independent of pH_m between 8 and 10 at I ≥ 0.5 m. Meanwhile, at I = 0.1 m, the K_d value at pH_m = 10 is slightly lower than those at pH_m = 8 and 9. The K_d values are not affected by the I values between 0.5 m and 6 m, whereas the K_d value at I = 0.1 m is greater than those at I ≥ 0.5 m, except at pH_m = 10. A two-site protolysis nonelectrostatic surface complexation and cation exchange sorption model is applied to the Eu sorption data for I ≤ 4 m, and the equilibrium constants of the sorption reactions are estimated.