• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제33권10호
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• pp.3213-3217
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• 2012

Reactive adsorption desulfurization (RADS) experiments were conducted over a series of commercial metal oxide supports ($Al_2O_{3-}$, $SiO_{2-}$, $TiO_{2-}$ and $ZrO_{2-}$) supported Ni/ZnO adsorbents. The adsorbents were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), temperature programmed reduction (TPR), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) in order to find out the influence of specific types of surface chemistry and structural characteristics on the sulfur adsorptive capacity. The desulfurization performance of all the studied adsorbents decreased in the following order: Ni/ZnO-$TiO_2$ > Ni/ZnO-$ZrO_2$ > Ni/ZnO-$SiO_2$ > Ni/ZnO-$Al_2O_3$. Ni/ZnO-$TiO_2$ shows the best performance and the three hour sulfur capacity can achieve 12.34 mg S/g adsorbent with a WHSV of $4h^{-1}$. Various characterization techniques suggest that weak interaction between active component and support component, high dispersion of NiO and ZnO, high reducibility and large total Lewis acidity of the adsorbents are important factors in achieving better RADS performance.

• Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry
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• 제68권
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• pp.416-424
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• 2018

Oil spill and oily wastewater have now become a serious threat to the freshwater and marine environments. Porous materials with super-hydrophobicity and super-oleophilicity are good candidates for the oil adsorption and oil/water separation. Here, flexible hybrid nanofibrous membrane (FHNM) containing $SiO_2$/polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) microspheres was prepared by simultaneous electrospinning and electrospraying. The obtained FHNM combined the flexibility of the nanofiber mat and super-hydrophobicity of the microspheres, which could not be achieved by either only electrospinning or only electrospraying. It was found that when the weight ratio between the $SiO_2$ and PVDF reached a critical value, the $SiO_2$ nanoparticles were present on the PVDF microsphere surface, significantly improving the surface roughness and hence the contact angle of the FHNM. Compared with the pure electrospun PVDF nanofiber mat, most of the FHNMs have a higher oil adsorption capacity. The FHNM could separate the oil with water quickly under the gravity and displayed a high efficiency and good reusability for the oil/water separation. More importantly, the FHNM could not only separate the oil with the pure water but also the corrosive solution including the salt, acid and alkali solution.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2011년도 정기총회 및 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.138-141
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• 2011

Carbon dioxide concentration of railroad passenger cabin is obliged to be kept lower than guideline values of 'Indoor air quality guideline for public transportations', but actual carbon dioxide concentration frequently exceeds this guideline value during the morning and evening rush hours. For improving comfortability and satisfaction of passengers, concentration control method using $Al_2O_3$ adsorbents was presented. The adsorbent is made from $Al_2O_3$ and LiOH. $Al_2O_3$ perform as a frame and LiOH as a chemical adsorbent. The adsorbent performance experiment was carried out by measuring concentration change of Carbon dioxide in terms of flow, initial concentration and amount of adsorbent. It is expexted that the obtained results will be used to lower carbon dioxide concentration of railroad passenger cabin.

• 한국안광학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.269-277
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• 1998

$Li_2B_4O_7$의 완화현상은 이온 깡총뛰기에 의한 것과, 공간전하에 의한 완화현상의 두 가지 종류가 나타나며 이들의 완화시간은 실온 이상에서 모두 $10^2sec$보다 짧은 것으로 보고되었다. 지금까지 논의되지 않은 매우 낮은 주파수 (mHz 혹은 Hz)에서 나타나는 완화현상을 관찰하기 위하여 $30{\sim}500^{\circ}C$ 온도영역에서 TSDC(Thermally Stimulated Depolarization Current) 특성에 관한 실험과 사각형 파의 바이어스 전압을 인가하였을 때의 유전특성 조사에 의하여 이온 및 전자 trap에 의한 완화특성을 논의하였다. TSDC 조사를 통하여 $Li_2B_4O_7$의 TSDC 전류곡선이 두 개의 anomaly를 갖고 있는 것으로 나타났다. TSDC 에서 나타난 anomaly는 공간전하보다 수천배나 더 긴 완화시간을 갖고 있는 것으로 밝혀졌으며 이 중 저온 쪽의 anomaly는 공간전하 층에 수입된 전자들이 양의 공간전하 층에 trap 되어 공간전하의 재 분포를 방해하는 역할을 하여 trap 되어 있던 전자와 이온이 서로 분리되면서 공간전하의 재 분포가 이루어지는 전도기구에 기인하는 것으로 여겨진다. 또한 고온쪽의 anomaly는 음의 전하운반자가 전극에 흡착되어 나타나는 완화 mechanism으로 생각된다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제34권12호
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• pp.3671-3676
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• 2013

A series of carbon nanotube, $C_{60}$, and graphene modified $TiO_2$ nanocomposites were prepared by hydrothermal method. X-ray diffraction, $N_2$ adsorption, UV-Vis spectroscopy, photoluminescence, and Electrochemical impedance spectra were used to characterize the prepared composite materials The results reveal that incorporating $TiO_2$ with carbon materials can extend the adsorption edge of all the $TiO_2$-carbon nanocomposites to the visible light region. The photocatalytic activities were tested in the degradation of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (TCP) under visible light. No obvious difference in essence was observed in structural and optical properties among three series of carbon modified $TiO_2$ nanocomposites. Three series of carbon materials modified $TiO_2$ composites follow the analogous tentative reaction mechanism for TCP degradation. GR modified $TiO_2$ nanocomposite exhibits the strongest interaction and the most effective interfacial charge transfer among three carbon materials, thus shows the highest electron-hole separation rate, leading to the highest photocatalytic activity and stability.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.330-335
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• 2008

Water vapor adsorption kinetics of 3 different types of chitosan-based films, i.e., control chitosan, chitosan/montmorillionite (Na-MMT), and chitosan/silver-zeolite (Ag-Ion) nanocomposite films, were investigated at temperature range of $10-40^{\circ}C$. In all the films, water vapor is initially adsorbed rapidly and then it comes slowly to reach equilibrium condition. Reasonably good straight lines were obtained with plotting of 1/($m-m_0$) vs. l/t. It was found that water vapor adsorption kinetics of chitosan-based films was accurately described by a simple empirical model and the rate constant of the model followed temperature dependence according to Arrhenius equation. Arrhenius kinetic parameters ($E_a$ and $k_o$) for water vapor adsorption by chitosan-based films showed a kinetic compensation effect between the parameters with the isokinetic temperature of 315.52 K.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제27권12호
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• pp.1347-1352
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• 2005

합성가스내의 $H_2S$을 제거하기 위하여 pure 및 modified $Li_2ZrO_3$를 이용하여 고정층 반응기내에서 $H_2S$ 제거실험을 수행하였다. $Li_2ZrO_3$는 $ZrO_2$와 $Li_2ZrO_3$ 순 분말상을 1:1 몰비로 혼합, 에탄올을 첨가하여 교반한 후 $850{\sim}1000^{\circ}C$에서 14시간 소성시켜 제조하였다. 최적 반응조건은 반응온도 $700^{\circ}C$, $Li_2ZrO_3$ 담지량 20 wt%, 유량 300 mL/min으로 확인되었으며, 이 때 $H_2S$ 제거량은 0.337 $g^{H_2S}/g^{sorbent}$으로 나타났다. 또한 첨가제($K_2CO_3$, $Na_2CO_3$, NaCl, LiCl)를 이용, $H_2S$ 제거실험을 실시한 결과 $H_2S$ 흡착능은 최대 23%까지 향상되었다. 또한 honeycomb에 담지된 $Li_2ZrO_3$ 반응물에 대한 SEM 및 XRD 분석결과,40 wt%까지 $Li_2ZrO_3$가 고르게 담지되고, $1000^{\circ}C$의 고온 열처리에도 그 성상이 크게 변하지 않음을 확인하였다.

• 전기화학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.54-66
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• 2012

The phase-shift method and correlation constants, which are unique electrochemical impedance spectroscopy techniques for studying the linear relationship between the phase shift ($90^{\circ}{\geq}-{\varphi}{\geq}0^{\circ}$) vs. potential (E) behavior for the optimum intermediate frequency ($f_o$) and the fractional surface coverage ($0{\leq}{\theta}{\leq}1$) vs. E behavior, are proposed and verified to determine the Frumkin, Langmuir, and Temkin adsorption isotherms and the related electrode kinetic and thermodynamic parameters. At Ni/0.5 M $H_2SO_4$ and 0.1M LiOH aqueous solution interfaces, the Frumkin and Temkin adsorption isotherms (${\theta}$ vs. E) of H for the cathodic hydrogen ($H_2$) evolution, interaction parameters (g), equilibrium constants (K), standard Gibbs energies (${\Delta}G^0_{\theta}$) of H adsorption, and rates of change (r) of ${\Delta}G^0_{\theta}$ with ${\theta}$ have been determined using the phase-shift method and correlation constants. A lateral repulsive interaction (g>0) between the adsorbed H species appears. The value of K in the alkaline aqueous solution is much greater than that in the acidic aqueous solution.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.1269-1274
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• 2012

A visible light responsive N, Mo co-doped $TiO_2$ were prepared by sol-gel method. X-ray diffraction, TEM, $N_2$ adsorption, UV-vis spectroscopy, photoluminescence, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to characterize the prepared $TiO_2$ samples. Doping restrained the phase transformation from anatase to rutile and reduced the particle sizes. The band gap was much narrowed after N, Mo co-doping. The photocatalytic activities were tested in the degradation of an aqueous solution of a reactive dyestuff, methylene blue, under visible light. The photocatalytic activities of doped $TiO_2$ were much higher than that of neat $TiO_2$. The photocatalytic stability of N, Mo co-doped $TiO_2$ was much better than that of N doped $TiO_2$.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2012년도 제42회 동계 정기 학술대회 초록집
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• pp.265-265
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• 2012

The adsorption of molecular $NH_3$ on rutile $TiO_2(110)-1{\times}1$ surfaces was investigated using a temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) technique combined with a molecular beam apparatus. A quantitative investigation into the TPD spectra of $NH_3$ was made for $NH_3$ adsorbed on two kinds of rutile $TiO_2(110)-1{\times}1$ surfaces with the oxygen vacancy ($V_O$) concentration of ~0% (p-$TiO_2(110)$) and ~5% (r-$TiO_2(110)$), respectively. On both surfaces, non-dissociative adsorption of $NH_3$ was inferred from a quantitative analysis on the amount of adsorbed $NH_3$ and those desorbed. With increasing coverage, the monolayer desorption feature shifted from 400 K toward lower temperatures until it saturates at 160 K, suggesting a repulsive nature in the interaction between $NH_3$ molecules. At the very low coverage regime, the desorption features were found to extend up to 430 K and 400 K on p-$TiO_2(110)$ and p-TiO(110), respectively. As a result, the saturation coverage of monolayer of $NH_3$ was higher on the p-$TiO_2(110)$ surface than on the p-TiO(110) by about 10%. The desorption energy ($E_d$) of $NH_3$ obtained by inversion of the Polanyi-Wigner equation indicated that the difference between the $E_d$'s of $NH_3$ (that is, $E_d(on\;p-TiO_2(110)$) - $E_d$(on p-TiO(110)) was 14 kJ/mol at ${\theta}(NH_3)=0$ and decreased to 0 as the coverage approached to a monolayer. The observed adsorption behavior of $NH_3$ was interpreted using an interaction model between $NH_3$ and surface defects on $TiO_2$ such as VO's and $Ti^{3+}$ interstitials.