• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.125-133
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• 2011

Purpose: This study was performed to identify the affecting factors on hospital nurses' practice of disinfection focused on alcohol, chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG), and povidone iodine (PVI). Methods: The participants in this study were 196 nurses of 3 general hospitals and 2 upgrade general hospitals in 5 cities in Korea. Data were collected through self-reported questionnaires in January, 2011. The collected data were analysed by ANOVA, Pearson correlation and stepwise multiple regression using SPSS/WIN 18.0. Results: The subjects used alcohol and PVI daily for intravenous site care and surgical wound dressing respectively. The mean percentage of awareness in practicing main disinfectants were 80.0% and 72.5% respectively. The awareness and practice were highest in alcohol, but lowest in CHG. The mean percentage of practice of disinfectants was 72.5%. There was positive correlation among awareness and practice of main disinfectants. The awareness and nurses' salary explained 34.6% of variance in practice of disinfectants. Conclusion: An educational program focusing on strategy to enhance hospital nurses' awareness would be effective in improving their practice of disinfectants.

• International journal of thyroidology
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.152-159
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• 2018

Background and Objectives: Sodium-iodine symporter (NIS) is a marker for the degree of differentiation in thyroid cancer. The genetic factors or microenvironment surrounding tumors can affect transcription of NIS. In this study, we investigated the NIS mRNA expression according to mutational status and coexistent lymphocytic thyroiditis in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). Materials and Methods: The RNA expression levels of NIS in the samples from database of The Caner Genome Atlas (TCGA; n=494) and our institute (n=125) were analyzed. Results: The PTCs with the $BRAF^{V600E}$ mutation and the coexistence of $BRAF^{V600E}$ and TERT promoter mutations showed significantly lower expression of NIS (p<0.001, respectively), and those with BRAF-like molecular subtype also had reduced expression of NIS (p<0.001). NIS expression showed a positive correlation with thyroid differentiation score (r=0.593, p<0.001) and negative correlations with expressions of genes involved in ERK signaling (r=-0.164, p<0.001) and GLUT-1 gene (r=-0.204, p<0.001). The PTCs with lymphocytic thyroiditis showed significantly higher NIS expression (p=0.013), regardless of mutational status. Conclusion: The NIS expression was reduced by the $BRAF^{V600E}$ mutation and MAPK/ERK pathway activation, but restored by the presence of lymphocytic thyroiditis.

• 한국패류학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.125-129
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• 2012

실험에 사용한 어미는 2011년 7월 4일 전남 영광군 백수면 하사리에서 채집된 어미를 수송 후 채란하여 3일간 유생 사육한 초기치패 (각장 $196{\pm}14{\mu}m$) 9천 6백만 마리를 사용하였으며, 시험기간은 2010년 7월 7일부터 8월 6일까지 30일간 사육 실험하였다. 실험 개시 전 각 저질개선제의 농도별로 치패의 생존가능 범위 조사 하였고, 농도는 요오드 10 ppm, 과산화수소 5 ppm, 차염소산나트륨 100 ppm, 이산화염소 100 ppm, 과망간산칼륨 5 ppm 으로 실험하였다. 실험 결과 성장은 차염소산나트륨 100 ppm 실험구가 $1.04{\pm}0.26mm$ 로 가장 높았고, 이산화염소 100 ppm 실험구 $1.03{\pm}0.25mm$, 요오드 실험구 $1.01{\pm}0.28mm$ 순이었고, 생존율은 이산화염소 100 ppm 실험구가 31.4% 로 가장 높았고, 차염소산나트륨 실험구 100 ppm 12.1%, 요오드 실험구 10 ppm 11.6%, 과산화수소 실험구 5 ppm 1.5% 순이었으며, 과망간산칼륨 실험구 5 ppm 은 전량 폐사하였다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.127-133
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• 1975

3,5,3'-Triiodothyronine (T$_3$) 및 Thyroxine(T$_4$)의 요오드 동위원소 교환표지에 어서는 T$_3$:I$_2$ 또는 T$_4$:I$_2$의 몰비, PH, 반응시간 둥이 중요인자 임을 알수 있었다. T$_3$ 및 T$_4$를 평균 45%, 50%로 각각 표지할 수 있는 개량될 표지반응 조건 및 전 반응생성물을 씰리카 젤 박판과 클로로포름, 메탄올, 암모니아 둥을 전개용매로 사용하는 박층크로마토그래피로 신속 간편하게 분리, 정제하는 방법을 제시하였다.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.23-31
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• 2015

Recently, specific antibodies have been used extensively to diagnose and treat various diseases. It is essential to assess the efficacy and specificity of antibodies, especially the in vivo environment. Anti-HER-2/neu mAb was evaluated as a possible transporting agent for radioimmunotherapy. The monoclonal antibody was successfully radio-labeled with $^{131}I$. In vitro binding assays were performed to confirm its targeting ability using another radio-iodine, $^{125}I$. Binding percentage of $^{125}I$ labeled anti-HER-2/neu mAb in HER-2/neu expressing CT-26 cells was found to be 4.5%, whereas the binding percentage of $^{125}I$ labeled anti-HER-2/neu mAb in wild-type CT-26 was only 0.45%. In vivo images were obtained and analyzed through $\gamma$-camera and an optical fluorescent modality, IVIS-200. $\gamma$-camera images showed that $^{131}I$ labeled anti-HER-2/neu mAb accumulated in HER-2/neu CT-26 tumors. Optical imaging based on near infrared fluorescence labeled anti-HER-2/neu mAb showed higher fluorescence intensities in HER-2/neu CT-26 tumors than in wild-type CT-26 tumors. Anti-HER-2/neu mAb was found to specifically bind to its receptor expressing tumor. Our study demonstrates that in vivo imaging technique is a useful method for the evaluation of an antibody's therapeutic and diagnostic potentials.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.532-539
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• 2004

목적: 사람 대식세포 유주 저지 인자는 많은 감염성 질환에 의한 패혈증의 병인론과 숙주의 염증 및 면역 반응의 조절에 중요한 역할은 하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 사람의 혈중에서 대식세포 유주 저지 인자를 측정할 수 있는 방사면역측정법을 개발하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 사람 대식세포 유주저지 인자에 대한 단클론 항체를 포획항체로, 비오틴화된 다클론항체를 검출 항체로 사용하였다. 사람 대식세포 유주 저지인자를 검출하기 위하여 스트렙타비딘에 $^{125}I$를 방사성추적자로 사용하고 재조합 사람 대식세포 유주저지인자를 이용하여 표준투여 응답곡선을 작성하였다. 스트렙타비딘에 $^{125}I$의 표지는 Chloramine-T법을 사용하고, 분리정제는 한외여과법을 사용하였다. $^{125}I$-스트렙타비딘의 안정성을 60일까지 평가하였다. 표지수율과 안정성은 ITLC법을 사용하였다. 방사면역측정법의 유용성은 intra- 와 inter-assay의 변이계수 측정, 재현도 및 희석 실험 등을 시행하였다. 결과: $^{125}I$-스트렙타비딘의 표지수율은 88%이었으며, 분리 정제된 $^{125}I$-SA의 방사화학적 수율은 99%였다. $^{125}I$-스트렙타비딘는 60일까지 93%의 안정성을 나타내어 방사면역측정의 방사성추적자로 사용하는데 적합하였다. 작성된 표준투여 응답곡선에서 재조합 사람 대식세포 유주 저지 인자의 농도와 결합된 $^{125}I$-스트렙타비딘의 방사능 값은 높은 상관관계를 나타내었다($R^2=0.99$). 가장 높은 intra-와 inter-assay의 변이계수 간이 각각 5.5%와 7.6%로 나타났다. 시료 내에서 평균 recovery 측정값은 102%였다. 시료의 농도 희석에 따른 방사능의 측정치는 직선적인 상관관계를 나타내었다($R^2=0.97$). 결론: 대식세포 유주 저지 인자의 농도 측정을 위하여 방사성추적자로 $^{125}I$-스트렙타비딘를 이용한 방사면역측정법을 확립하였으며, 이 방법을 이용하여 다양한 염증성 질환을 가진 임상환자에서 대식세포 유주 저지 인자의 혈중 농도와 임상적 의의와의 상관관계를 규명하는데 이용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.62-73
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• 2022

Omija seed oil was extracted from Omija seeds, a by-product of Omija, using an eco-friendly pressed extraction method. Physicochemical properties and antioxidant activities of 12 extracts using different combinations of seed moisture content (5, 7.5, and 10%) and extraction temperature (25, 49, 75, and 100℃) were then investigated. The highest extraction yield was 31.33% at moisture of 5% and temperature of 75℃. The lowest acid value was 4.18±0.25 at moisture of 5% and temperature of 49℃or moisture of 7.5% and temperature of 25℃. Peroxide value, iodine value, and saponification value were the lowest at 0.64±0.56 meq/kg, 159.38± 6.03, and 57.60±9.40, respectively, at moisture of 5% and temperature of 25℃. The content of total polyphenolics was the highest at 4,413±125 mg TAE/100 g when the moisture content was 10% and the extraction temperature was 25℃. DPPH radical scavenging activities of oil extracts at 20~100 mg/mL were 28.68±7.30~87.65±2.20%. The maximum antioxidant activity and IC₅₀ were 87.65±2.20% and <20 mg/mL, respectively, for extract obtained at moisture of 10% and temperature at 100℃. As a result, the extraction yield, acid value, peroxide value, iodine value, saponification value, and so on were excellent at moisture content of 5% and extraction temperature of 25℃ or 49℃. However, the content of total polyphenolic compounds and antioxidant activity were the highest at moisture of 10% and extraction temperature of 100℃. In conclusion, extracting Omija seed oil from Omija seeds, a by-product of Omija, is effective with a pressed extraction method.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.125-129
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• 2016

Background: Patients with differentiated thyroid cancers (DTC) who receive radioactive iodine-131 (RAI) are released from isolation when their dose rate is below the regulatory requirements. The purpose of this study was establish predicting factors for early release from the isolation facility after RAI administration in patients with DTC. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective study which included 96 (58 females and 38 males) patients with DTC who had received RAI from April 2013 till August 2015. The study was duly approved by the ethical committee of the institute. Patients who had complete information of primary tumor size (PTS), serum TSH, stimulated thyroglobulin level [sTg] with antibodies (IU/ml) at the time of RAI treatment were included. All had a normal serum creatinine level. To attain lower effective half-life good hydration and administration of soft laxative were ensured. Dose rate was measured (immediately, 24 h and 36 h) at 1 meter distance from anterior mid trunk and a dose rate <$50{\mu}Sv/h$ was considered as the releasing criterion. At 24 h 50 patients were released while the remaining 46 patients were released at 36 h. A post-ablative whole body scan (PA-WBIS) was performed 5-8 days after RAI ablation in all patients. Results: Patients released after 24 h were significantly younger, had smaller lesions with higher proportion of papillary cancer, lower sTg, lower sTg/TSH ratio and had received a lower dose of RAI as comapred to those who were discharged after 36 h. Serum TSH and gender were not found to have any significant correlation between two cohorts. ROC and multivariate analysis have shown age ${\leq}37years$, PTS ${\leq}3.8cm$, $RAI{\leq}150mCi$, $sTg{\leq}145ng/ml$ and $sTg/TSH{\leq}1.085$ as strong indepedent predictors for early release. Conclusions: We conclude that younger age (${\leq}37years$), smaller tumor size (${\leq}3.8cm$), lower RAI dose (${\leq}150mCi$), lower sTg (${\leq}145ng/ml$) and a lower sTg/TSH ratio (${\leq}1.085$) are significant independent predictors for release at 24 h after RAI treatment in DTC patients. Effective utilization of these factors could help the treating physicians to use limited number of internment facilities with higher throughput, lower cost and lower psychological stress to patients.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.161-168
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• 1965

$C_6H_6{\cdot}I_2$ 및 $C_6H_6{\cdot}ICI$ 의 두 錯物의 安定度에 미치는 용매의 영향을 자외선 分光光度法으로 硏究하였다. 클로로포름, 시크로헥산 및 n-헥산 용액에서 $C_6H_6{\cdot}I_2$ 생성에 대한 실온에서의 평형상수가 各各 0.090, 0.216 및 0.328$lmole^{-1}$ 이고 $C_6H_6{\cdot}ICI$ 생성에 대한 실온에서의 평형상수가 各各 0.125, 0.676 및 0.639$lmole^{-1}$ 임을 알았다. 이 結果로부터 이들 두 錯物의 安定度가 용매의 誘電常數의 減少와 더불어 增加함을 볼 수 있고 그 增加率이 $C_6H_6{\cdot}I_2$에서 보다 $C_6H_6{\cdot}ICI$에서 더 큼을 알 수 있다. 이 事實로 보아 $C_6H_6^+{\cdots}I_2^-$ 또는 $(C_6H_6)^+{\cdots}Cl^-$型 의 이온 構造다가 이들 錯物의 共鳴安定化에 참여하는 정도가 크며 또 그 참여도가 $C_6H_6{\cdot}I_2$에서 보다 $C_6H_6{\cdot}ICl$에서 더 크다고 생각된다.

• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.133-139
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• 1985

An immunoassay may be defined as an analytical procedure involving the competitive reaction between a limiting concentration of specific antibody and two populations of antigen, one of which is labelled or immobillized. The advent of immunoassay has revolutionised our knowledge of reproductive physiology and the practice of veterinary and clinical medicine. Radioimmunoassay (RIA) was the first of these methods to be developed, which meausred the analyte with good sensitivity, accuracy and precision (1,2). The essential components of RIA are:-(i) a limited concentration of antibodies, (ii) a reference preparation, and (iii) an antigen labelled with a radioisotope (usually tritium or iodine-125). Most procedures invelove isolating the antibody-bound fraction and measuring the amount of labelled antigen. Good facilities are available for scintilltion counting, data reduction nd statistical analysis. RIA is undergoing refinement through:-(i) the introduction of new techniques to separate the antibody-bound and free fractions which minimize the misclassification of labelled antigen into these compartments, and the amount of non-specfic binding. (3), (ii) the development of non-extration for the measurement of haptens (4), (iii) the determination of a, pp.rent free (i.e. non-protein bound) analytes (5), and (iv) the use of monoclonal antibodies(6). In 1968, Miles and Hales introduced in important new type of immunoassay which they termed immunora-diometric assay (IRMA) based on t도 use of isotopically labelled specific antibodies(7) in a move from limited to excess reagent systems. The concept of two-site IRMAs (with a capture antibody on a solid-phase, and a second labelled antibody to a different antigenic determinant of the analyte) has enabled the development of more sensitive and less-time consuming methods for the measurement of protein hormones ovar wide concentration of analyte (8). The increasing use of isotopic methos for diverse a, pp.ications has exposed several problems. For example, the radioactive half-life and radiolysis of the labelled reagent limits assay sensitivity and imposes a time limit on the usefulness of a kit. In addition, the potential health hazards associated with the use and disposal of radioactive cmpounds and the solvents and photofluors necessary for liquid scientillation counting are incompatable with the development of extra-laboratory tests. To date, the most practical alternative labels to radioisotopes, for the measurement of analytes in a concentration > 1 ng/ml, are erythrocytes, polystyrene particiles, gold sols, dyes and enzymes or cofactors with a visual or colorimetric end-point(9). Increased sensitivity to<1 pg/ml may be obtained with fluorescent and chemiluminescent labels, or enzymes with a fluorometric, chemiluminometric or bioluminometric end-point. The sensitivity of any immunoassay or immunometric assay depends on the affinity of the antibody-antigen reaction, the specific activity of the label, the precision with which the reagents are manipulated and the nonspecific background signal (10). The sensitivity of a limited reagent system for the measurement of haptens or proteins is mainly dependent upon the affinity of the antibodies and the smalleest amount of reagent that may be manipulated. Consequently, it is difficult in practice to improve on the sensitivity obtained with iodine-125 as the label. Conversely, with excess reagent systems for the measurement of proteins it is theoretically possible to increase assay sensitivity at least 1000 fold with alternative luminescent labels. To date, a 10-fold improvement has been achieved, and attempts are being made to reduce the influence of other variables on the specific signal from the immunoreaction.