• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.29-39
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• 2018

In this study, we developed a sensitive and specific reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay for rapid visual detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) circulated in Korea. The RT-LAMP was completed in 40 min at $62^{\circ}C$ and the results of the assay were directly detected by naked eye without any detection process. The assay specifically amplified all 7 serotypes of FMDV RNAs but not amplified other viral and cellular nucleic acids. The sensitivity of the RT-LAMP was $10^2$, $10^3$ and $10^3TCID_{50}/mL$ for serotype O, A and Asia 1 FMDV, respectively, which was comparable to conventional reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and relatively lower than that of real time quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR). Clinical evaluation of the RT-LAMP using different serotypes of Korean and foreign FMDV strains showed a 100% (35/35) agreement with the results of the RT-PCR and qRT-PCR. These results indicated that RT-LAMP assay developed in this study could be a valuable diagnostic method for FMDV monitoring and surveillance.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.151-159
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• 2012

The button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) is one of the most widely cultivated important edible mushroom species. In the breeding of new button mushroom, 'Seolgang' was developed by crossing two monokaryons 'CM020913-27' and 'SSU423-31'. Because of the secondarily homothallism, only a small percentage of the basidia produce 3 or 4 spores, which are mostly haploid (n) and do not fruit. Single spore cultures derived from these types of spores produce a vegetative mycelium that also contain a variable number of genetically identical nuclei per cell called monokaryon. The lack of clamp connections between monokaryon and dikaryon required a series of mycelial culture and fruiting test. After crossing, hybrids were cultivated on a small scale and on a commercial scale at a farm. For this, the spawn was made by a commercial spawn producer and the spawned compost by a commercial compost producer. Mycelial growth of 'Seolgang' on CDA was better at $20^{\circ}C$ and $25^{\circ}C$ when it was compared with that of '505 Ho'. The mature cap shape of new strain 'Seolgang' is oblate spheroid and the immature cap shape is round to oblate spheroid. The cap diameter was 41.2 mm on average. In comparison with white strain '505 Ho', the strain had a yield that was 9% higher. It produced fruiting bodies which had a higher weight on average per fruiting body and were 19% firmer with a good shelf life. Days of fruiting body were 3-4 days later than those of '505 Ho'. The physical characteristics such as elasticity, chewiness, adhesiveness were better than that of '505 Ho'. Genetic analysis of the new strain 'Seolgang' showed different profiles compared to '505 Ho', CM02913-27, SSU413-31, when RAPD primers A02 and O04 were used.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.682-688
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• 2014

The in vitro digestibility and molecular and crystalline structures of rice starches (Seilmi, Dasan1, and Segoami) with differing amylose content were investigated. Segoami had the highest amylose content (30.9%), whereas Dasan1 had the lowest amylose content (21.2%). The molecular weight ($\bar{M}_w$) of amylose and amylopectin in Segoami was much lower than that of the other two rice starches. Segoami had the highest proportion (8.7%) of amylopectin short branch chains (DP 6-12) and the lowest proportion of B1 chains (DP 13-24). The relative crystallinity, intensity ratio of $1047-1022cm^{-1}$ (1047/1022) and gelatinization enthalpy followed the order: Segoami>Seilmi~Dasan1. Segoami showed substantially low pasting viscosity. Rapidly digestible starch (RDS), slowly digestible starch (SDS), and resistant starch (RS) contents showed the highest value in Seilmi, Dasan1, and Segoami, respectively. The expected glycemic index (eGI) of Segoami was lower than that of the other two rice starches. Overall results suggested that the digestibility of rice starch could be highly influenced by their molecular and crystalline structure.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.493-498
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• 1998

CdTe films were deposited by close spaced sublimation with various substrate temperatures, cell areas, and thicknesses of CdTe and ITO layers and their effects on the CdS/CdTe solar cells were investigated. The resistivity of CdTe layers employed in this study was 3$\times$ $10^{4}$$\Omega$cm For constant substrate temperature the optimum substrate ternperature for CdTe deposition was $600^{\circ}C$. To obtain larger grain size and more compact microstructure, CdTe film was initially deposited at 62$0^{\circ}C$, and then deposited at 54$0^{\circ}C$. The CdTe film was annealed at 62$0^{\circ}C$ and $600^{\circ}C$ sequentially to maintain the CdTe film quality. The photovoitaic cell efficiency improved by the "two-wave" process. For constant substrate temperature, the optimum thickness for CdTe was 5-6$\mu m$. Above 6$\mu m$ CdTe thickness, the bulk resistance of CdTe film degraded the cell performance. As the cell area increased the $V_{oc}$ remained almost constant, while $J_{sc}$ and FF strongly decreased because of the increase of lateral resistance of the ITO layer. The optimum thickness of the ITa layer in this study was 300~450nm. In this experiment we obtained the efficiency of 9.4% in the O.5cm' cells. The series resistance of the cell should be further reduced to increase the fill factor and improve the efficiency.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.296-306
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to observe the effect of dexamethasone and osteogenic protein-1(BMP-7) on bone, cementum and periodontal tissue regeneration. A total of 60 Sprague-Dawley white female mice were selected and beta-APN was used for five days to extract the maxillary first molar a traumatically. After the extraction of the teeth, the mesiobuccal root canal was filled with Caviton$^{\circledR}$. The teeth were etched with citric acid for 1 min and coated with one of four different experimental solutions : DEX(500nM/ml), DEX(1000nM/ml), OP-1(100$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml) and OP-1(500$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml) for three minutes depending on the group. All teeth were then replanted under microscope. All replantation procedures were done within 30 minutes. Teeth that were replanted after 30 minutes of bench dry only was used as positive control. All animals were sacrificed at 3 weeks following replantation and histologic observtion was done. The results were as follows ; 1. Active root resorption rate was decreased by the order of OP-1(500$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml), DEX(1000nM/ml), OP-1(100$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml), and DEX(500nM/ml). There was statistically less root resorption in OP-1 (500$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml) and DEX(1000nM/ml) group(P<0.05). 2. The group with higher concentration of dexamethasone(1000nM/ml) had statistically more bone union compared to positive control group(P<0.05),but there were no significant differences among four experimental groups. 3. OP-1(500$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml) and DEX(1000nM/ml) groups showed less degree of inflammation compared to the OP-1(100$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml). DEX(500nM/ml), and positive control group (P<0.05). In conclusion, the group with higher concentration of OP-1 had the best results on root resorption, bone ankylosis and anti-inflammatory effects compared to the other experimental groups, but a long-term study is also necessary to evaluate the exact pharmacological effects of the drugs in the future.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.17 no.4 s.88
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• pp.499-504
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• 2005

Polymer concrete shows excellent mechanical properties and chemical resistance compared with conventional normal cement concrete. The polymer concrete Is drawing a strong interest as high-performance materials in the construction industry Resins using recycled PET offer the possibility of a lower source cost of materials for making useful polymer concrete products. Also the recycling of PET in polymer concrete would help solve some of the solid waste problems Posed by plastics and save energy. An objective of this paper is to estimate the damage of sulfuric acid, through investigating recycled PET polymer concrete, immersed at sulfuric acid solution for 84 days. As a result of testing, recycled PET PC, used $CaCO_3$ as filler, makes a problem of appearance and strength if they are exposed for long term at corrosion environment. On the other hand, recycled PET PC, used fly-ash as filler, had less effect on decrease in weight and strength. Recycled PET PC is excellent chemical resistance, resulting in the role of unsaturated polyester resin which consists of polymer chain structure accomplishes bond of aggregates and filler strongly. Also, recycled PET PC, used fly-ash as filler, is stronger resistance of sulfuric acid corrosion than $CaCO_3$, because it is composed of $SiO_2$ and very strong glassy crystal structure. Therefore, recycled PET PC, used fly-ash as filler, is available under corrosion circumstances like sewer pipe or waste disposal plant.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.199-210
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• 2011

The cables in cable-stayed bridges are under high stress and are very sensitive to vibration due to their small section areas compared with other members. Therefore, it is reasonable to evaluate the cable impact factor by taking into account the dynamic effect due to moving-vehicle motion. In this study, the cable impact factors were evaluated via moving-vehicle-load analysis, considering the design parameters, i.e., vehicle weight, cable model, road surface roughness, vehicle speed, longitudinal distance between vehicles. For this purpose, two steel composite cable-stayed bridges with 230- and 540-m main spans were selected. The results of the analysis were then compared with those of the influence line method that is currently being used in design practice. The road surface roughness was randomly generated based on ISO 8608, and the convergence of impact factors according to the number of generated road surfaces was evaluated to improve the reliability of the results. A9-d.o.f. tractor-trailer vehicle was used, and the vehicle motion was derived from Lagrange's equation. 3D finite element models for the selected cable-stayed bridges were constructed with truss elements having equivalent moduli for the cables, and with beam elements for the girders and the pylons. The direct integration method was used for the analysis of the bridge-vehicle interaction, and the analysis was conducted iteratively until the displacement error rate of the bridge was within the specified tolerance. It was acknowledged that the influence line method, which cannot consider the dynamic effect due to moving-vehicle motion, could underestimate the impact factors of the end-cables at the side spans, unlike moving-vehicle-load analysis.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.40-57
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• 1997

The Background and Purpose It is done the study on the public health care of oriental medicine and improvement of its system recently, I think that these effect a good health care for a people through the public health care of oriental medicine. Since Woosuk university and Chonju-Wansan health center had taken upon the oriental medicine service in the health center in 1995, we have public favor from the local population. So in other to a study on the clinical statistics of oriental medicine service in the health center, I investigated general character, style of diseases, effect of treatments and the like for a paitents received oriental medicine treatments in there. Objective and Methods This study researched into clinical statistics for paitents received oriental medicine treatments in the Chonju-Wansan health center during one year period from January 4 1996 to December 26 1996. The number of object was 238 case of 234 persons. Results and Conclusions Analyzing these 234 persons, the proportion of males to females was 1 to 6.8. As for the distribution of age, the ages of 61 to 70 occupied 34.62 per cent in the ages of 51 to 90 occupied 88.89 per cent in the whole paitons. Therefor female was very highly more than male and paitents were for the most part, old ages(51years old and over). Musculoskeletal system and connective tissue disease of 238 case occupied 82.77 per cent. were the greatest proportion. At the duration of disease, 1 year to 5 years occupied 32.35 per cent, was the highest The grade Ⅲ was the most of the sign of paitents at first visit, it occupied 55.88 per cent. The good(++) and over effect of treatments occupied 62.18 per cent, the fair(+) and over effect of treatments occupied 78.99 per cent. As for the duration of treatment, the case of 2 times to 5 times visit occupied 34.03 per cent, was the highest. And the case of 2 times to 10 times visit was 4 times as good effect as the case of only one visit. By medication of treatment, O-Juk-San(五積散) occupied 32.21 per cent, was the greatest proportion, and Pal-Mj-Hoan(八味丸) occupied the second greatest proportion. Therefor the most of paitents had the chronic diseases and was diagnosed Sin-Yang-He(腎陽虛). The average 22.58 persons received acupuctural treatment a day, the average 0.58 persons received the moxibustion a day, the average 2.28 persons received venesection (bloodletting) a day. And others treatment performed physical therapy and the like. The case received treatment of the oriental and western medicine at the same time. marked 21 persons among 30 persons and had a good effect by 70 per cent. The average 26.95 persons received treatment of oriental medicine a day, the average 3.9 persons received the first medical examination a day.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.15-24
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• 2015

$CH_4$ is a trace gas and one of the key greenhouse gases, which requires continuous and systematic monitoring. The application of eddy covariance technique for $CH_4$ flux measurement requires a fast-response, laser-based spectroscopy. The eddy covariance measurements have been used to monitor $CO_2$ fluxes and their data processing procedures have been standardized and well documented. However, such processes for $CH_4$ fluxes are still lacking. In this note, we report the first measurement of $CH_4$ flux in a rice paddy by employing the eddy covariance technique with a recently commercialized wavelength modulation spectroscopy. $CH_4$ fluxes were measured for five consecutive days before and after the rice transplanting at the Gimje flux monitoring site in 2012. The commercially available $EddyPro^{TM}$ program was used to process these data, following the KoFlux protocol for data-processing. In this process, we quantified and documented the effects of three key corrections: (1) frequency response correction, (2) air density correction, and (3) spectroscopic correction. The effects of these corrections were different between daytime and nighttime, and their magnitudes were greater with larger $CH_4$ fluxes. Overall, the magnitude of $CH_4$ flux increased on average by 20-25% after the corrections. The National Center for AgroMeteorology (www.ncam.kr) will soon release an updated KoFlux program to public users, which includes the spectroscopic correction and the gap-filling of $CH_4$ flux.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-20
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• 1974

These studies are conducted to find out inducing factors for the non-sprouting bud which appears in the utility reclaimed hill mulberry held and to establish control method for it since 1971. The results are as follows： 1. In spring, winter bud does not germinate at all on the top of branches or does wither suddenly after or during its germination. Necrosis and browning are appeared in cortex and phloem of non-sprouting bud branch. In autumn, the deterioration of leaves, the abnormal leaves on the top of branch, and browning of veins or petioles are also observed. 2. The soil of non-sprouting bud mulberry Held were found to be sand loom derived from granite rocks. The sub soil of it was very poor in development of root system because it had hard soil and lower pore space ratio. Especially, the sub soil to bring about severe non-sprouting bud had been easily appeared with deficiency of moisture content because of high density solid. 3. Content of soil moisture was significantly lower in the severe non-sprouting bud soil than in the healthy field. The sub soil o( the healthy field contained proper moisture content. On the other hand, the sub soil of the severe non-sprouting bud held contained almost critical moisture content for wilting. 4. The depth of available soil was shallow in the non-sprouting bud than in the healthy fold. The more rate of the non-sprouting bud was severe, the more available soil depth was sallow. 5. Available boron content in soil was affected by moisture content in soil. There was. lower moisture content in the non-sprouting bud field than that in healthy fold during 5, June to 5, September. 6. There was no significant correlation between soil pH and available boron content. On the other hand, the correlation of the content of organic matter and available boron content appeared to be highly positive significance. 7. The quantity of boron was significantly contained more in healthy mulberry field (0.34∼0.43ppm) than in non-sprouting bud field (0.10∼0.28ppm). 8. Boron content in leaves and barks was significantly lower in the non-sprouting bud trees than in healthy trees. 9. The symptom of non-sprouting bud induced from boron free sand culture was similar with that arised in the non-sprouting bud field. 10. The rate of non-sprouting bud was high by the increased application of lime. Considering the facts mentioned the above, author may conclude that the non-sprouting bud of mulberry tree is caused by boron deficiency, but also it is affected by the parent rocks, organic matter, soil moisture content and lime application. 11. The non$.$sprouting bud may be completely controlled by the application of 6∼9kg borax per 10a mulberry field twice a year in spring and summer.