• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.29 no.12
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• pp.847-852
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• 2016

Using both EVA and POE encapsulants, we fabricated polycrystalline Si PV modules and performed a set of reliability tests of PID, DH, TC, and Complex prior to outdoor installation. The power output with temperatures and insolation as well as I-V characteristics had been monitored under outdoor environments for 18 months. In the entire period, the total power of 3,576 kWh from POE PV modules was observed larger than 3,449 kWh from EVA PV modules by 3.5%. All the PV modules showed a 5.6~9.2% drop in the conversion efficiency. As for the solar power generation, the PV modules performed through PID, TC test revealed distinct difference in between EVA and POE for which the POE PV module produced more power by +11.4% and +6.6%, respectively, as measured in the 18th month. In addition, POE was proved to protect better the solar cells under PID influence.

• Korean Medical Education Review
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.141-146
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• 2014

This study focused on investigating the future medicine and health care industry paradigm shift and suggesting the right direction for the medical education system in order for students to be better prepared in the near future. Here, I will discuss four issues related to the future of medicine: Health 2.0, digital health, personalized medicine, and innovations of the public healthcare system. Every issue has lessons for medical education and teaching for students who major in health professions. However, it is obvious that the present is an important period of time as, currently, we are at an early stage in the future health care environment. Recently, there have been rapid transformations in various fields of medicine. Therefore, if we fail to lead medical education in the right direction, medical students will suffer from major problems in coping with these changes.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2018.01a
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• pp.77-78
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• 2018

인터넷과 사물의 결합이 급속도로 진행되며 IoT(Internet of Things, 사물인터넷)의 활성화 역시 앞당겨지고 있다. 최근 IoT 기술 및 서비스와 관련하여 가정, 공장 등의 다양한 장소와 공기청정기, 체온계 등의 제품에도 IoT 기술이 접목된 서비스가 제공되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 일반목적의 IoT 허브인 R.Box의 센서 네트워크와 R.Box와 센서를 통제, 제어하며 데이터 저장과 간단한 통계를 확인할 수 있는 CMS(Content Management System) 기능을 하는 서버 구현에 대해 설명한다. R.Box는 라즈베리 파이를 이용해 제작되었으며 사용자는 서버에 접속해 R.Box와 센서의 정보, 측정된 값을 확인하고 수정, 삭제, 검색 등의 기능을 사용할 수 있다.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.139-144
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• 2004

In order to transmit various types of multimedia data (i.e. voice, video, and data) over a wireless channel, the coding and modulation scheme needs to be flexible and capable of providing a variable quality of service, data rates, and latency. In this paper, we study a mobile multimedia COMA network combined with the concatenated Reed-Solomon/Rate Compatible Punctured Convolution code (RS/RCPC). Also, this paper propose the combination of concatenated RS/RCPC coder and COMA RAKE receiver for multimedia COMA traffic which can be sent over wireless channels. From the results, using a frequency selective Rayleigh fading channel model, it is shown that concatenated RS/RCPC coder at the wireless physical layer can be effective in providing reliable wireless multimedia CDMA network. And the proposed scheme that combine concatenated RS/RCPC coder and CDMA RAKE receiver provides a significant gain in the BER performance over multi-user interference and multipath frequency selective fading channels.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.101-104
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• 2010

The origin and growth of laryngology is inseparably linked to the development of endoscopic surgery of the larynx. Phonomicrosurgery is a means of maximally preserving the layered microstructure of the vocal fold, that is, the epithelium and lamina propria. Phonomicrosurgery has developed from convergence of micro laryngoscopic surgical technique theory and the mucosal wave theory of laryngeal sound production. Improvements in technology (i.e., laryngoscopes, handled instruments, and lasers), which in part arise from developments in more frequently performed minimally invasive surgical procedures, will probably facilitate the next generation of procedural innovations. The best methods of optimizing phonosurgical outcomes include making an accurate diagnosis, completing a comprehensive voice evaluation, providing sufficient preoperative therapy, carefully selecting patients to undergo phonomicrosurgical procedures, and requiring sufficient postoperative rest and therapy. Phonomicrosurgery will continue to evolve as a result of the interdependent collaboration of surgeons with voice scientists, speech pathologist, and other voice professionals.

• Journal of Wellbeing Management and Applied Psychology
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.31-34
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to review health-care program using the recent robotic horse-riding technology and its clinical effects for chronic low back pain. Research design, data and methodology: Recent clinical articles were determined under three inclusion criteria for in-depth review: 1) article that is published within 1 year, 2) article that includes the detailed explanation of health-care program using robotic horse-riding, 3) the article that deals with chronic low back pain during more than 6 months. Results: As a result, the finally-determined two articles demonstrated the clinical effects of robotic horse-riding statistically on pain intensity, low back muscle strength, spinal alignment, and fear-avoidance belief. Conclusions: After in-depth review, I concluded that health-care program using robotic horse-riding for chronic low back pain needs to be provided at low-intensity (e.g. less than 6km/h horse walking program) in the beginning of health-care for improving their motor control ability, then, at the increased intensity for strengthening core muscles.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.25-40
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• 2003

A number of recent studies have contributed to an increased understanding of how and why workers feel bound to their unions. However, by now there has been limited theoretical works on the various forms that union membership can take. Thus, the goal of this study is to develop the types of union membership. To develop the types of union membership, I used the ideological and instrumentalitic concepts. The types of union membership are identified as follows: Positive free agents (${\Leftrightarrow}$ Negative free agents) have low levels of both positive (negative) instrumentality and positive (negative) ideology. If positive (negative) instrumentality is high and positive (negative) ideology low, this group may be labeled Instrumentals (${\Leftrightarrow}$Disgruntled). Expressives (${\Leftrightarrow}$Antagonizers) have low levels of positive (negative) union instrumentality and high levels of positive (negative) ideology. Those who have high levels of both positive (negative) ideology and positive (negative) instrumentality have been called Identifiers (${\Leftrightarrow}$Opponents). Variables related to union instrumentality, and union ideology were investigated: (1) the personal characteristics of individual members, (2) the employing organization, (3) the union characteristics, (4) the economic environment, (5) the labor relations climate.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.19-26
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• 2018

One of the distinct features of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is duty cycling mechanism, which is used to conserve energy and extend the network lifetime. Large duty cycle interval introduces lower energy consumption, meanwhile longer end-to-end (E2E) delay. In this paper, we introduce an energy consumption minimization problem for duty-cycled WSNs. We have applied Q-learning algorithm to obtain the maximum duty cycle interval which supports various delay requirements and given Delay Success ratio (DSR) i.e. the required probability of packets arriving at the sink before given delay bound. Our approach only requires sink to compute Q-leaning which makes it practical to implement. Nodes in the different group have the different duty cycle interval in our proposed method and nodes don't need to know the information of the neighboring node. Performance metrics show that our proposed scheme outperforms existing algorithms in terms of energy efficiency while assuring the required delay bound and DSR.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.64-69
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• 2022

The current research examines whether consumers' preference for credit card benefits (i.e., general credit card benefits vs. credit card benefits related to green life) differs according to their pro-environmental disposition. Specifically, we predict that for consumers with high (vs. low) pro-environmental disposition, their preference for credit card benefits related to green life will be higher, while preference for general credit card benefits will not be different between low and high pro-environmental disposition groups. An online survey (N = 487) was conducted to test the hypotheses. Consistent with the hypotheses, the results indicate that (1) respondents with high pro-environmental donation intention, as compared to those with low pro-environmental donation intention, had higher preference for credit card benefits related to green life; and (2) there was no significant difference in preference for general credit card benefits between high and low pro-environmental donation intention groups. We suggest an important insight into how credit card companies approaching ESG issues can increase their consumers' preference for credit card benefits relevant to green life, considering consumers' individual differences such as pro-environmental disposition.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.621-640
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• 2022

In the present article, the vibration response of a geometrically imperfect bi-directional functionally graded plate (2D-FGP) with geometric discontinuities and micro-structural defects (porosities) has been investigated. A porosity model has been developed to incorporate the effective material properties of the bi-directional FGP which varies in two directions i.e. along the axial and transverse direction. The geometric discontinuity is also introduced in the plate in the form of a circular cut-out at the center of the plate. The structural kinematic formulation is based on the non-polynomial trigonometric higher-order shear deformation theory (HSDT). Finite element formulation is done using C° continuous Lagrangian quadrilateral four-noded element with seven degrees of freedom per node. The equations of motion have been derived using a variational approach. Convergence and validation studies have been documented to confirm the accuracy and efficiency of the present formulation. A detailed investigation study has been done to evaluate the influence of the circular cut-out, geometric imperfection, porosity inclusions, partial supports, volume fraction indexes (along with the thickness and length), and geometrical configurations on the vibration response of 2D-FGP. It is concluded that after a particular cut-out dimension, the vibration response of the 2D FGP exhibits non-monotonic behavior.