• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.578-584
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• 1990

A microorganism capable of producing high level of extracelluar cyclomaltodextrin glucanotransferase(EC 2.4.1.19; CGTase) was isolated ’rom soil. The isolated strain No. 239 was identified as Bacillusstearothermophilus. The maximal CGTase production (about 7.0 unitslml) was observed in medium containing2% soluble starch, 0.5% defatted soybean meal, 0.1% NaH_2PO_4.2H_2O$ and 0.015% $ CaC_l2 $ with initial pH 7.0. The strain was cultured at $55^{\circ}C$ for 48 hr with reciprocal shaking. At 0.83% substrated concentration potato starch was the optimum substrate with 50.1% conversion to cyciodextrin (CD)after the reaction at $65^{\circ}C$ for 24 hr (CGTase 10 unitlg starch). Using soluble starch as substrate (5% substrate concentration, CGTase 10 unitlg starch), the maximum conversion of 40% was obtained at11 hr reaction, and the ratio of $\alpha-, \beta-$ and $\gamma$-CD production at this time were 1.0:1.3:0.4, respectively., respectively.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.306-310
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• 1998

The soluble polyimides(PMDA/diamine/dianhydride) were prepared and investigated. After coating the prepared PMDA/diamine/dianhydride solution into the commercial tubular alumina ceramic membranes, gas permeation characteristics was investigated. $T_g{\prime}s$ of the polyimides were in the range of $337{\sim}358^{\circ}C$ and thermal stability was good. The polymer was soluble in NMP, DMAc, DMSO, THF, and m-cresol. The adhesion between the alumina membrane and the soluble polyimide was excellent. The soluble polyimide/alumina membranes containing 6FDA showed the highest permeability among others. The permeability of nitrogen of PMDA/1,3PDA/6FDA-alumina membrane was about $7.6{\times}10^{-7}(mol/m^2{\cdot}Pa{\cdot}s)$ in the gas permeation experiments. The ideal separation factor of $O_2/N_2$ and $H_2/N_2$ in PMDA/1,3PDA/6FDA-alumina membrane were 6.19, and 70.0, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.96-101
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• 2007

Seeds of Paulownia coreana were collected, extracted with acetone-$H_2O$ (7 : 3, v/v), concentrated under reduced pressure and successively fractionated with n-hexane, methylene chloride, ethyl acetate and water on a separatory funnel. The $H_2O$ soluble fraction was chromatographed on a Sephadex LH-20 column using aqueous methanol and ethanol-hexane as washing solvents. Two isomeric phenylethanoid glycosides, verbascoside (1) and isoverbascoside (2), and one epimeric phenylethanoid glycoside, campneoside II (3), were isolated and their structures were elucidated on the basis of chemical and spectroscopical data.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.269-272
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• 1994

The effect of the root of Coptis japonica (COPT), both dichloromethane soluble $(CH_2Cl_2)$ and insoluble $(H_2O)$ fractions, on catecholamine contents and tyrosine hydorxylase (TH) activity in PC12 cells was investigated. $(CH_2Cl_2){\;}and{\;}H_2O$ fractions showed 21 and 53% inhibitions on dopamine content, respectively, at a ocncentraction of 40 .mu.g/ml in medium : the $(H_2O)$ fraction proveided a grateer inhibitory effect. The TH activity was reduced by the treatment of COPT ($(H_2O)$ fraction). These results suggest that COPT has an inhibitory effect on the catecholamine biosynthesis by the reduction of TH activity in PC12 cells.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.26 no.10
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• pp.1525-1528
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• 2005

The synthesis and characterization of ${K_3[Ru(C_2O_4)3]{\cdot}4H_2O\;(C_2O_4}^{2-}$ = oxalato anoin) complex are described, and its redox properties (in buffer solution of pH = 12) have been investigated. This complex is used for in situ generation of oxoruthenates complexes which have been characterized by electronic spectroscopy. Reaction of ${K_3[Ru(C_2O_4)3]{\cdot}4H_2O$ with excess ${S_2O_8}^{2-}$ in molar KOH generates trans-${[RuO_3(OH)_2]^{2-}/S_2O_8}^{2-}$ reagent while with excess ${BrO_3}^-$ in molar $Na_2CO_3$ generates ${[RuO_4]^-/BrO_3}^-$ reagent. Avoiding the direct use of [$RuO_4$] the organic-soluble $(n-Pr_4N)^+[RuO_4]^-$, (TPAP) has been isolated by reaction of $K_3[Ru(C_2O_4)3]{\cdot}4H_2O$ with excess ${BrO_3}^-$ in molar carbonate and n-$Pr_4$NOH. In a mixture of $H_2O/CCl_4$ ruthenium tetraoxide can be generated by reaction of $K_3[Ru(C_2O_4)3]{\cdot}4H_2O$ with excess ${IO_4}^-$. The catalytic activities of oxoruthenates that have been made from $K_3[Ru(C_2O_4)3]{\cdot}4H_2O$ towards the oxidation of benzyl alcohol, piperonyl alcohol, benzaldehyde and benzyl amine at room temperature have been studied.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.80-84
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• 2006

The removal efficiency of Cu and Fe contaminants on the silicon wafer surface was examined to investigate the effect of cleaning solutions on the behavior of metallic impurities. Silicon wafers were intentionally contaminated with Cu and Fe solutions by spin coating and cleaned in different types of cleaning solutions based on $NH_4OH/H_2O_2/H_2O\;(SC1),\;H_2O_2/HCl/H_2O$ (SC2), and/or HCl/$H_2O$ (m-SC2) mixtures. The concentration of metallic contaminants on the silicon wafer surface before and after cleaning was analyzed by vapor phase decomposition/inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (VPD/ICP-MS). Cu ions were effectively removed both in alkali (SC1) and in acid (SC2) based solutions. When $H_2O_2$ was not added to SC2 solution like m-SC2, the removal efficiency of Cu impurities was decreased drastically. The efficiency of Cu ions in SC1 was not changed by increasing cleaning temperature. Fe ions were soluble only in acid solution like SC2 or m-SC2 solution. The removal efficiencies of Fe ions in acid solutions were enhanced by increasing cleaning temperature. It is found that the behavior of metallic contaminants as Cu and Fe from silicon surfaces in cleaning solutions could be explained in terms of Pourbaix diagram.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.103-109
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• 2009

In order to isolate antibiotic producing microorganisms, several actinomycetes were isolated from soil samples. The aerial hyphae of Y-88 strain were gray in color with tree types. Under the microscopic examination, the Y-88 isolate formed a spiral aerial spore mass with a smooth surface and a rectiflexibilis type of spore chain. Y-88 utilized glucose, fructose, arabinose, and sucrose, but not rhamnose, raffinose, mannitol, or inositol. In addition, Y-88 produced melanin on the tyrosine agar and the strain could utilize L-valine, L-phenylalanine, and L-hydroxyproline. Based on these results and the cultural and physiological characteristics described in the Bergey's Manual, the Actinomycetes, Y-88, was identificated as a Streptomyces species. The optimum medium conditions for this antibiotic producing Streptomyces sp. Y-88 was 1.6% soluble starch, 0.6% glucose, 0.6% beef extract, 0.01% $K_2HPO_4$, 0.01% $MgSO_4$ $7H_2O$, and 0.01% $ZnSO_4$ $7H_2O$ at an initial pH of 4.0, and 25$^{\circ}C$.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.322-328
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• 2000

To screen agent for the treat-ment of Alzhimers Disease several strains of bacteria producing acetylcholinesterase inhibitor ware isolated from soil. Strain 960903 showed strong acetylcholinesteras inhibitory activity and low butyrylcholinesterse inhibitory activity. The strain 960903 was identified as Pseudomonas sp. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor ws highly achieved in fermentation medium containing soluble starch 3.0%, glycerol 1.0%, pharmamedia 0.5%, KCI 0.3%, $CaCO_3$ 0.2%, MgS $O_4$..$7H_2$O 0.05%, $KH_2$$PO_4$ 0.05%(pH6.5) at $30^{\circ}C$ for 4 days. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor was purified by Diaion WA-30($OH^{-}$) column charomatography and cellulose column chromatography. Acetylcholinesterase inhibi-tor showd the maximum wavelength at 205 nm and was soluble in water, acetic acid, ethanol, methanol and dime-thyl sulfoxide. The concentration of 50% inhibition($IC_{50}$) of inhibitor against acetylcholinesterase was 25$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml. The inhibitor was inactivated on heating ar $100^{\circ}C$ fro 15 min and more stable in acidic region than alkaline region.n.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.95 no.4
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• pp.429-434
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• 2006

The dried needles (1.5 kg) of Picea abies Karsten were ground, extracted with acetone-$H_2O$ (7:3, v/v), concentrated, and fractionated with a series of n-hexane, methylene chloride, ethyl acetate and water on a separatory funnel. Each fraction was freeze dried, then a portion of ethyl acetate soluble powder was chromatographed on a Sephadex LH-20 column using a series of aqueous methanol and ethanol-n-hexane mixture as eluents. The isolated compounds were identified by cellulose TLC, $^1H$-, $^{13}C$-NMR, FAB and EI-MS. (+)-catechin (compound I), (-)-epicatechin (compound II), kaempferol-3-O-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside (compound III), 4-hydroxyacetophenone (compound IV) were isolated from the ethyl acetate soluble fraction and (+)-catechin (compound I), protocatechuic acid (compound V) were isolated from the $H_2O$ soluble fraction of P. abies needle. The antioxidative activities of each fraction and the isolated compounds were tested by DPPH radical scavenging method, and EtOAc soluble fraction, (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin showed similar values to ${\alpha}$-tocopherol and BHT as controls.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.76-82
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• 2006

The dried ground needles (2.0 kg) of Chamaecyparis pisifera (Sieb. et Zucc.) Endlicher were extracted with acetone-$H_2O$ (7:3, v/v), concentrated, and fractionated with a series of n-hexane, methylene chloride, ethyl acetate and water on a separation funnel. Each fraction was freeze dried, then a portion of ethyl acetate soluble powder was chromatographed on a Sephadex LH-20 column using a series of aqueous methanol and ethanol-n-hexane mixture as eluents. The isolated compounds were identified by cellulose TLC, $^1H$-, $^{13}C$-NMR, COSY, HETCOR, FAB and EI-MS. (+)-catechin, taxifolin-3-O-${\beta}$-D-xylopyrano-side, quercetin-3-O-${\alpha}$-L-rhamnopyranoside were isolated from the ethyl acetate soluble fraction of Chamaecypairs pisifera needle. Antioxidative tests on the isolated compounds indicated that all of the compounds showed similar values to ${\alpha}$-tocopherol and BHT as controls.