• Title/Summary/Keyword: $H_2$/CO Syngas

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Stability Characteristics of Syngas($H_2$/CO)/Air Premixed Flames using an Impinging Jet Burner (충돌제트 버너에서 합성가스($H_2$/CO)/공기 예혼합화염의 안정화 특성)

  • Park, Ju-Yong;Lee, Kee-Man;Hwang, Cheol-Hong
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Combustion
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    • v.16 no.1
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    • pp.15-21
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    • 2011
  • An experimental study was conducted to investigate the flame stability of the synthetic gas (syngas) using an impinging premixed jet burner. Since the syngas mainly consisted of $H_2$ and CO, the $H_2$/CO mixture was simulated as the syngas. $H_2$/CO mixture ratios, fuel/air mixture velocities and equivalence ratios were used as major parameters on the flame stabilitym The role of the impinging plate on the flame stability was also examined. In addition, laminar burning velocities of the $H_2$/CO mixture were predicted numerically to understand the characteristics of the flame stability for the syngas. The increase in the H2 concentration into the syngas brings about the extension of the blowout limit and the reduction in the flashback limit in terms of the stable flame region. The impinging jet plate broadened the blowout limit but does not play important role in changing of the flashback limit. Finally, it was found that the stability region of the flame using the syngas, which is expressed in terms of the mixture velocity and the equivalence ratio in this study, significantly differed from that of $CH_4$.

Stability of Attached Flame in $H_2$/CO Syngas Non-premixed Turbulent Jet Flame ($H_2$/CO 합성가스 비예혼합 난류 제트화염에서 부착화염의 화염안정화)

  • Hwang, Jeong-Jae;Bouvet, Nicolas;Sohn, Ki-Tae;Yoon, Young-Bin
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Combustion
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    • v.17 no.1
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    • pp.22-29
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    • 2012
  • The detachment stability characteristics of syngas $H_2$/CO jet attached flames were studied. The flame stability was observed while varying the syngas fuel composition, coaxial nozzle diameter and fuel nozzle rim thickness. The detachment stability limit of the syngas single jet flame was found to decrease with increasing mole fraction of carbon monoxide in the fuel. In hydrogen jet flames with coaxial air, the flame detachment stability was found to be independent of the coaxial nozzle diameter. However, velocities of appearance of liftoff and blowout velocities of lifted flames have dependence. At lower fuel velocity range, the critical coaxial air velocity leading to flame detachment increases with increasing fuel jet velocity, whereas at higher fuel velocity range, it decreases. This increasing-decreasing non-monotonic trend appears for all $H_2$/CO syngas compositions (50/50~100/0% $H_2$/CO). To qualitatively understand the flame behavior near the nozzle rim, $OH^*$ chemiluminescence imaging was performed near the detachment limit conditions. For all fuel compositions, local extinction on the rim is observed at lower fuel velocities(increasing stability region), while local flame extinction downstream of the rim is observed at higher fuel velocities(decreasing stability region). Maximum values of the non-monotonic trends appear to be identical when the fuel jet velocity is normalized by the critical fuel velocity obtained in the single jet cases.

Characteristics of $H_2$/CO ratio control of syngas by waste gasification (폐기물 가스화 합성가스의 $H_2$/CO 생산비 제어 특성)

  • Gu, Jae-Hoi;Kim, Su-Hyun;Kim, Mun-Hyun;Choi, Jong-Hyea;Heo, Su-Jung;Yoon, Ki-Soo;Kim, Soung-Hyoun
    • 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2008.05a
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    • pp.475-478
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    • 2008
  • The 3 ton/day-scale pilot plant consists of waste press, feed channel, fixed bed type gasification & melting furnace, quench scrubber, syngas refinery facility and flare stack. $H_2$/CO ratio of gasification syngas using the solid waste and sludge in the 3 ton/day gasifier showed about 1. Gasification melting furnace was operated $1,300{\sim}1,600^{\circ}C$. $H_2$/CO ration control system was obtained $H_2$/CO ratio 2 and 3.

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Flame Length and EINOx Scaling of Syngas $H_2$/CO Turbulent Non-premixed Jet Flames ($H_2$/CO 합성가스의 비예혼합 난류 제트화염에서 화염 길이와 EINOx 스케일링)

  • Hwang, Jeongjae;Sohn, Kitae;Bouvet, Nicolas;Yoon, Youngbin
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Combustion
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    • v.17 no.4
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    • pp.30-37
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    • 2012
  • The flame lengths and NOx emission characteristics of syngas $H_2$/CO turbulent non-premixed jet flames were investigated. The flame length which is the main parameter governs NOx emission was studied for various syngas compositions. The flame length was compared with previous correlation between Froude number and flame height and it shows that they have good agreements. It was confirmed that the turbulent jet flames herein investigated are in the region of buoyancy-momentum transition. NOx emission was reduced with increased Reynolds number and CO contents in syngas fuel and with decreased fuel nozzle diameter which is attributed by decreased flame residence time. Previous EINOx scaling based on flame residence time of $L_f^3/(d_f^2U_f)$ satisfies only the jet flame in momentum-dominated region, not buoyancy-momentum transition region. The simplified flame residence time ($L_f/U_f$) was adopted in modified EINOx scaling. The modified scaling satisfies the jet flames not only in momentum-dominated region but in buoyancy-momentum transition region. The scaling is also satisfied with $H_2$/CO syngas jet flames.

A Study on the Emission Characteristics of Syngas(H2/CO)-Air Premixed Flame according to the H2 contents (수소 함유량에 따른 합성가스(H2/CO)-공기 예혼합 화염의 배출특성 연구)

  • Jeong, Byeong;Choi, Jongmin;Lee, Keeman
    • 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2013.06a
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    • pp.9-10
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    • 2013
  • This study reports the results of an experimental investigation of emission and temperatures from the syngas-air premixed flame with a various mixture composition in the region of large equivalence ratios. The effects of hydrogen contents and equivalence ratios on the flame velocity, which reported before, and emission of syngas fuel are examined. In this study, representative syngas mixture compositions ($H_2:CO$) such as $H_2:CO=10:90$, 25:75, 50:50 and 75:25 and equivalence ratios from 0.5 to 5.0 have been conducted. The emissions of syngas fuel were measured by the high precision analyzer with enclosure configuration and the adiabatic temperatures are calculated by used Chemkin basis. The NOx emission level is coincided relatively well with the adiabatic temperature distributions in lean mixture conditions, but for rich mixture conditions NOx level was also increased again even though the adiabatic temperature decreases. Such an increasing characteristics in rich mixture conditions is coincided well with the tendency that rather the flue gas temperature increases.

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Measurement of Laminar Flame Speed of Syngas(H2/CO)/Air Premixed Flame using the Bunsen Burner Method (분젠 버너법을 이용한 합성가스(H2/CO)/공기 예혼합화염의 층류 연소속도 측정)

  • Jeong, Byeonggyu;Lee, Kee-Man
    • 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2012.04a
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    • pp.181-183
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    • 2012
  • Syngas laminar flame speed measurements were carried out at atmospheric pressure and ambient temperature using the Bunsen flame configuration with nozzle burner as a fundamental study on flame stability of syngas. Representative syngas mixture compositions ($H_2:CO$) such as 25:75%, 50:50% and 70:25% and equivalence ratios from 0.5 to 1.4 were investigated. The measured laminar flame speeds were in good agreement with the previous numerical data as well as experimental data available in the literatures over a wide range of equivalence ratio tested. It was reconfirmed that the laminar flame speed gradually increased with the increase in $H_2$ content in a fuel mixture. In particular, the significant increasing rate of flame speed was observed with the increase in equivalence ratio.

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Conversion of $CO_2$ and $CH_4$ to Syngas by Making Use of Microwave Plasma Torch (전자파 플라즈마 토치를 이용한 이산화탄소와 메탄의 Syngas 합성)

  • Dong Hun, Shin;Yong Cheol, Hong;Han Sup, Uhm
    • Proceedings of the Korea Society for Energy Engineering kosee Conference
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    • 2004.11a
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    • pp.195-200
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    • 2004
  • Carbon dioxide ($CO_2$) and methane (CH$_4$) are two major greenhouse Bases. $CO_2$is a stack gas of many industrial processes and the main product of the hydrocarbon combustion. There is recent research interest on the synthesis gas (syngas) formation from $CO_2$ and CH$_4$, via the following reaction: CH$_4$+$CO_2$longrightarrow 2H$_2$+$CO_2$, in order to reduce the greenhouse effects and to synthesize various chemicals, Preliminary experiments were conducted on the conversion of $CO_2$ and CH$_4$ to syngas by making use of a microwave plasma torch at atmospheric pressure. Conversion rates of $CO_2$and CH$_4$ to hydrogen (H$_2$), carbon monoxide (CO) and higher hydrocarbons were investigated using Gas Chromatography (GC) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). The experimental data indicate that the main products were H$_2$, CO and small amount of higher hydrocarbons, such as ethylene (C$_2$H$_4$).

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Operation Characteristics of Pilot-Scale Gasification System for Coal Syngas Production (석탄 합성가스 제조를 위한 pilot급 가스화 시스템 운전특성)

  • Chung, Seok-Woo;Jung, Woo-Hyun;Lee, Seung-Jong;Yun, Yong-Seung
    • New & Renewable Energy
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    • v.3 no.4
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    • pp.90-97
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    • 2007
  • Gasification has been regarded as a very important technology to decrease environmental pollution and to obtain higher efficiency. The coal gasification process converts carbon containing coal into a syngas, composed primarily of CO and $H_2$. And the coal syngas can be used as a source for power generation or chemical material production. This paper illustrates the opeartion characteristics and results of pilot-scale coal syngas production facilities. The entrained-bed pilot scale coal gasifier was operated normally in the temperature range of $1,300{\sim}1,400^{\circ}C,\;2{\sim}3kg/cm^2$ pressure. And Indonesian KPC coal produced syngas that has a composition of $46{\sim}54%\;CO,\;20{\sim}26%\;H_2,\;and\;5{\sim}8%\;CO_2$.

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Operation Characteristics of Pilot-Scale Gasification System for Coal Syngas Production (석탄 합성가스 제조를 위한 pilot급 가스화 시스템 운전특성)

  • Chung, Seok-Woo;Jung, Woo-Hyun;Lee, Seung-Jong;Yun, Yong-Seung
    • 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2007.11a
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    • pp.429-432
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    • 2007
  • Gasification has been regarded as a very important technology to decrease environmental pollution and to obtain higher efficiency, The coal gasification process converts carbon containing coal into a syngas, composed primarily of CO and $H_2$. And the coal syngas can be used as a source for power generation or chemical material production. This paper illustrates the operation characteristics and results of pilot-scale coal syngas production facilities. The entrained-bed pilot scale coal gasifier was operated normally in the temperature range of $1,300{\sim}1,400^{\cdot}C$, $2{\sim}3kg/cm^2$ pressure. And Indonesian KPC coal produced syngas that has a composition of $46{\sim}54$% CO, $20{\sim}26$% $H_2$, and $5{\sim}8$% $CO_2$.

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Comparison of effects of spark timing and fuel ratio on engine efficiency and $NO_x$ emission for fuel of city gas and syngas($H_2$ and CO) (도시가스와 혼합가스($H_2$, CO) 적용 시 점화시기 및 공연비에 따른 발전효율 및 질소산화물 배출량 비교)

  • Jeong, Chul-Young;Lee, Kyung-Teak;Song, Soon-Ho;Chun, Kwang-Min;Nam, Sang-Ick
    • 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2009.06a
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    • pp.817-820
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    • 2009
  • Research on usage of syngas produced by waste gasification is on going all around the world. Syngas which consists of $H_2$, CO, $CO_2$, $N_2$, has different combustion characteristics from current city gas; due to distinct flame propagation speed of the fuel, syngas has different spark timing and air fuel ratio at maximum generating efficiency. This is why finding both the optimum point of spark timing and air fuel ratio is so important in order to improve thermo efficiency and secure stable running of gas generated by relatively low heating value syngas. Moreover, since emission of $NO_x$ is strictly regulated, it is important to operate lean burn condition that reduces NOx emission.

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