• 한국광학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국광학회 2004년도 제15회 정기총회 및 동계학술발표회
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• pp.96-97
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• 2004

• 자원환경지질
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.187-196
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• 2005

석류석 구조에서, 양이온이 점할 수 있는 구조적 위치는 사면체, 팔면체 및 이들과 능을 공유하고 있는 배위다면체의 중심 등이다. 이들 중, 사면체의 자리를 차지하는 양이온의 크기는 석류석의 단위포의 크기와 밀접한 관계를 가진다. 따라서 4-배위 자리에 비교적 이온반경이 큰 철을 함유하고 있는 석류석은 방사성 폐기물 내에 함유된 비교적 이온반경이 큰 악티나이드 원소를 고정시키기 위한 유망한 매트릭스로써 고려될 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 $Ca_{1.5}GdCe_{0.5}ZrFeFe_3O_{12}$인 조성을 가진 석류석을 합성하여 이들의 상평형 관계 및 특성을 연구하였다. 혼합된 시료는 $200{\~}400{\cal}kg/{\cal}cm^2$의 압력으로 성형한 후, $1100{\~}1400^{\circ}C$ 범위에서 온도 및 분위기를 변화시키면서 소결하였으며, 합성된 시료는 XRD 및 SEM/EDS를 사용하여 상분석과 정량분석을 실시하였다. 실험결과, 석류석은 소결온도 $1300^{\circ}C$에서 최적의 합성상을 얻을 수 있었지만, 미량의 페로브스카이트 및 미지의 상이 공존하였다. 석류석과 페로브스카이트의 화학조성은 각각 $[Ca_{l.2-1.8}Gd_{0.9-1.4}Ce_{0.3-0.5}]^{VIII}[Zr_{0.8-1.3}Fe_{0.7-1.2}]^{VI}[Fe_{2.9-3.1}]^{IV}O_{12}$ 및 $Ca_{0.1-0.5}Gd_{0.0-0.8}Ce_{0.1-0.5}\;Zr_{0.0-0.2}Fe_{0.9-1.1}O_3$ 이었다. 특히 화학양론적 조성과 비교 시, 합성된 석류석의 8-배위 자리를 점하고 있는 Ca의 초과 및 Ce의 결핍된 양상을 보였다. 이는 6-배위 자리에서의 Zr 및 Fe의 화학조성과 밀접한 관계를 지닌다.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.158-163
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• 2000

Six different SiC ceramics with SiO2-Re2O3 (Re=Yb, Er, Y, Dy, Gd, Sm) as sintering additives have been fabricated by hot-pressing the SiC-Re2Si2O7 compositions at 1850$^{\circ}C$ for 2 hr under a pressure of 25 MPa. The room temperature strneth and the fracture toughness of the hot-pressed ceramics were characterized and compared with those of the ceramics sintered with YAG (Y3Al5O12). Five SiC ceramics (Re=Yb, Er, Y, Dy, Gd) investigated herein showed sintered densities higher than 94% of theoretical. Tthe SiC-Re2Si2O7 compositions showed lower strength and comparable toughness to those from SiC-YAG composition, owing to the chemical reaction between SiO2 and SiC during sintering. SiC ceramics fabricated from a SiC-Y2Si2O7 composition showed the best mechanical properties of 490 MPa and 4.8 MPa$.$m1/2 among the compositions investigated herein.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제49권6호
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• pp.595-603
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• 2016

Rare-earth zirconates, including lanthanum zirconate and gadolinium zirconate, have been investigated as ones of the most promising candidates for next-generation thermal barrier coating (TBC) materials due to their excellent properties such as low thermal conductivity, chemical stability at high temperature and so on. In this study, TBCs with three compositions, in the $La_2O_3-Gd_2O_3-ZrO_2$ system with reduced rare-earth contents from $RE_2Zr_2O_7$ compositions, were fabricated by using suspension plasma spray with different suspension preparation methods. The phase formation, microstructure, and thermal properties of TBCs were examined. In particular, each coating exhibited single fluorite phase and a dense, vertically-separated microstructure. The potential of coatings with rare-earth zirconates for TBC applications was also discussed.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.177-182
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• 2010

To synthesize $Gd_2O_3:Eu^{3+}$ phosphor, gadolinium-europium oxalate precursors were prepared from oxalic acid, NaOH or aqueous ammonia via coprecipitation method. The obtained precursors were heat-treated and then characterized by XRD, SEM and PL. The kinds and amounts of coprecipitant (NaOH or aqueous ammonia) were found to affect the powder morphology and properties of gadolinium-europium oxalate precursors. Two crystalline precursors and one amorphous precursor were synthesized. The nanometer-sized amorphous gadolinium-europium oxalate precursor was first prepared using the oxalate coprecipitation technique. The calcined powders obtained from the amorphous precursor were nearly spherical in shape, and a narrow size distribution was obtained. The NaOH coprecipitant was more effective in the preparation of nanometer-sized spherical powders. A thermal decomposition process was conducted for the three kinds of precursors. The photoluminescence property was also measured as a function of europium content, and concentration quenching occurred for samples with europium concentrations of over 10 mol%.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.61-72
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• 2009

Fabrication and oxidants production of 3 or 4 components metal oxide electrode, which is known to be so effective to destruct non-biodegradable organics in wastewater, were studied. Five electrode materials (Ru as main component and Pt, Sn, Sb and Gd as minor components) were used for the 3 or 4 components electrode. The metal oxide electrode was prepared by coating the electrode material on the surface of the titanium mesh and then thermal oxidation at $500^{\circ}C$ for 1h. The removed RhB per 2 min and unit W of 3 components electrode was in the order: Ru:Sn:Sb=9:1:1 > Ru:Pt:Gd=5:5:1 > Ru:Sn=9:1 > Ru:Sn:Gd=9:1:1 > Ru:Sb:Gd=9:1:1. Although RhB decolorization of Ru:Sn:Sb:Gd electrode was the highest among the 4 components electrode, the RhB decolorization and oxidants formation of the Ru:Sn:Sb=9:1:1 electrode was higher than that of the 3 and 4 components electrode. Electrogenerated oxidants (free Cl and $ClO_2$) of chlorine type in 3 and 4 components electrode were higher than other oxidants such as $H_2O_2\;and\;O_3$. It was assumed that electrode with high RhB decolorization showed high oxidant generation and COD removal efficiency. OH radical which is electrogenerated by the direct electrolysis was not generated the entire 3 and 4 components electrode, therefore main mechanism of RhB degradation by metal oxide electrode based Ru was considered indirect electrolysis using electrogenerated oxidants.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.48-52
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• 2003

The substituted yttrium iron garnet systems $Y_{ 3-x}$/Gd$_{x}$X$0.2_{0.2}$ $Fe_{4.8}$ $O _{12}$ (x = 0.2, 0.4, 0.6) have been investigated by means of X-ray diffraction, Mossbauer spectroscopy and SQUID. The X-ray diffraction patterns at room temperature confirm the samples to have a single phase of the garnet structure over the whole composition range. The lattice constants of all the samples linearly change with increasing x due to the size of substituted ions in the dodecahedral sites. $Y_{3-x}$ $Gd_{x}$ X$Fe_{4.8}$ $In_{0.2}$ $O_{12}$ system which $Y_{3-x}$ ions are substituted with Gd$^{ 3＋}$ ions, the Mossbauer spectrum consists of three Zeeman sextets at room temperature, one due to the $Fe^{3＋}$ ions on the octahedral(a-) sites and the others due to the $Fe^{3＋}$ ions on the tetrahedral(d-, d'-) sites, respectively. From the hysteresis loop measured by means of SQUID over the whole composition range, the saturation magnetization $M_{s}$ and magnetic moments $\mu_{ B}$ per unit cell have been obtained. The increment of Gd-ion content causes $M_{s}$ and $\mu_{B}$ decrease while the increment of In-ion content does not.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.5-7
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• 1980

The electrical conductivity of polycrystalline $Gd_2O_3$ has been measured over the temperature range of 650 to 100$0^{\circ}C$ under the oxygen pressure range of $10^{-6}$ to 102 torr. The oxygen pressure dependence of electrical conductivity, $\sigma$ PO211/n is characterized by n value of about 5.3. The defect structure and the type of the oxide are controlled by triply ionized metal vacancies and holes.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.41-55
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• 1993

Recently, various screen film system have been introduced in diagnostic radiology. There are two kinds of screen film system : blue emitting $CaWO_4$ screen has been largely used in these days. However, it tends to be changed to use green emitting $Gd_2O_2S$ : Tb screen. In this study, photographic characteristics of $CaWO_4$ and $Gd_2O_2S$ : Tb screen were investigated with luminescence, spectroscopy. The morphology of $CaWO_4$ and $Gd_2O_2S$ : Tb were also observed by using scanning electron microscope. The result obtained were as follows : 1. There was small difference in the thickness of phosphor layers for the front and back screen of blue emitting system, but little difference in those of green emitting system. 2. There was no difference in the size of phosphor particles between the front and back screen for each screen. However, the particle size was different for the various kinds of screens. 3. The shape of phosphor particle was round with many faces for all the screens. 4. In the exposure of X-ray with the same intensity, luminescent intensity of a green emitting system was $6{\sim}7$ times larger than that of a blue emitting system. 5. The thickness of phosphor layers does not affect on the sensitivity of the screens exposed by X-ray.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• 제4권5호
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• pp.28-32
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• 2003

Europium-doped gadolinium oxide ($Gd_2O_3;Eu^{3+}$) phosphors have been prepared by combustion method using urea[H$_2$NCONH$_2$] or carbohydrazide[H$_2$NNHCONHNH$_2$] as fuel materials in a preheated furnace at 500$^{\circ}C$. The phosphors obtained were fired at 1200$^{\circ}C$ for 3 hours to get better luminescent properties. The combustion method used was found to be a simple and fast method for the preparation of fine-sized particles. The influence of the fuel/oxidant (urea or carbohydrazide/nitrate) mole ratio on the phosphor has been investigated and the optimum values for various parameters have been determined. By this method, phosphor that has better brightness and smaller size particles than that obtained by conventional method has been prepared.d has been prepared.