• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.209-214
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• 2009

To facilitate the introgression of F. esculentum into the traits of F. homotropicum, several accessions of the hybrids between these two species were pollinated with F. esculentum as the recurrent parent. The embryo in vitro rescue was performed to increase the recovery of backcross progenies. The $F_{2}$ generation was more amenable than $F_{1}$ hybrids to produce backcross progenies. The $F_{1}$ hybrids were backcrossed twice with common buckwheat (pin-type F. esculentum) (recurrent backcrossing). Also, alternate backcrosses with common buckwheat and F. homotropicum (congruity backcrossing) were carried out. Pollen tube growth of BC$F_{1}$ ${\times}$ F. esculentum (thrum) and F. homotropicum ${\times}$ BC$F_{1}$ was the disturbed penetration exceeded for all initial interspecific hybrids, and its requirement was proportionally lower when the common buckwheat was used as the recurrent parent and as the last parent of congruity hybrids. Effects of both common buckwheat and F. homotropicum on seed success rate for hybridization were observed. Growth of hybrid embryos before rescue, regeneration of mature hybrids all increased recurrent and congruity backcrosses and inter-crosses between $F_{1}$ plants and selected fertile plants of the second congruity backcrosses.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.199-207
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• 2010

This research was conducted to determine the influence of physiological and chemical properties of root substrates on the growth of the daughter plants of 'Maehyang' strawberry produced by bag culture. The daughter plants produced by stock plants during bag culture were individually separated and grown in 10-cm diameter plastic pots containing six different formulations of root substrates: a) 50% peatmoss plus 50% vermiculite (5:5 by volume, A), b) 70% peatmoss plus 30% perlite (7:3, B), c) 70% coir dust plus 30% perlite (7:3, C), d) mixture of 35% coir dust, 35% peatmoss, and 30% perlite (3.5:3.5:3.0, D), e) mixture of 20% rice hull, 70% coir dust, and 10% perlite (2:7:1, E), and f) 30% rice hull plus 70% coir dust (30:70, F). The container capacity and air filled porosity of the growing medium varied greatly among the six substrate formulations evaluated. The substrates E and F had less container capacity and higher air-holding spaces than the rest of the formulations. Therefore, these two formulations (E and F) may cause a problem in water management during the production of healthy daughter plants. The substrate formulations A, B, and D retained higher nitrogen (N) concentrations than other formulations containing coir dust or rice hull. The substrate formulations E and F which contained rice hull had lower N, phosphorus (P), and potassium(K) concentrations than other substrate formulations containing coir. The quality of the daughter plants grown in all six different substrate formulations was good with the crown diameters at around 10 mm. Fresh weights of the daughter plants grown in substrate formulations A, C, and D were higher than those obtained from B, E, and F. Dry weights of the daughter plants showed a similar trend. The daughter plants having high fresh and dry weights and increased crown diameter are in demand by the industry. For this reason, the substrate formulations A, C and D can readily be used as potting mixes during the production of 'Maehyang' strawberry transplants utilizing the bag culture system.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.48-51
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• 1991

A program was initiated to transfer potato virus Y vein-necrosis strain resistance from N. africana to N. tabacum The Fl plants between the above species were self-sterile, but all amphidiploid plants from the Fl plants and backcrossed flowers, that is, the N. tabacum flowers crossed with amphidiploid were self-fertile. The parent, amphidiploid plants of Fl, F2 population of the amphidiploid and the backcrossed generation were screened for a resistance of potato virus Y vein-necrosis strain isolated in Korea. The Chi-square values for the F2 population of the amphidiploid and the backcrossed generation fitted 35: 1 and 5 : 1 ratios of resistant to susceptible for the potato virus Y vein-necrosis strain, respectively. Therefore, it was found that the resistance of N. tabacum for the potato virus Y vein-necrosis strain was controlled by a single dominant gene.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.165-170
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• 1990

단간유전자와 GA$_3$ 반응성과의 연관관계를 검토하기 위하여 단간품종들 Fukei 71, 설악벼, Tanginbozu와 이들의 F$_1$ 및 F$_2$에 GA$_3$를 처리하여 절간신장에 미치는 지베렐린의 효과를 검토하였다. 1. 공시한 단간품종들중 설악벼와 Tanginbozu는 GA$_3$에 간장이 크게 신장되었으나 Fukei 71은 GA$_3$에 간장이 신장되지 않았다. 2. 3개 교배조합의 F$_1$은 모두 장간으로 나타나 Fukei 71, 설악벼 및 Tanginbozu는 서로 다른 단간유전자가 간장에 관여하고 있음을 확인하였다. 이들 F$_1$에 GA$_3$를 처리하였을 때 모두 간장이 크게 신장하여서 GA$_3$ 무반응성에 대하여 GA$_3$ 반응성이 우성으로 작용하였다. 3. GA$_3$ 반응성 품종간 조합 설악벼/Tanginbozu의 F$_2$에서는 GA$_3$를 처리한 결과 모든 개체들에서 간장이 신장되어 전체적으로 장간화하였으며 간장은 대체로 9:6:1의 분리경향을 보였다. 4. GA$_3$ 반응성 품종과 무반응성 품종간 조합 즉 설악벼/Fukei 71과 Fukei 71/Tanginbozu의 F$_2$에서는 무처리구에서 대체로 9:7과 9:6:1의 분리경향을 보였으나 처리구에서는 대체로 13:3의 분리경향을 보였다. 5. 설악벼/Fukei 71, Fukei 71/Tanginbozu 조합의 F$_2$에서 GA$_3$ 무반응성 개체만을 골라 Fukei 71로 backcross한 BC$_1$F$_1$ 개체에 GA$_3$를 처리하여 간장과 GA$_3$ 반응성을 조사한 결과, 조합내 개체들간에 간장의 분리를 인정할 수 없었고, GA$_3$ 처리에 무반응성을 보였다. 따라서 Fukei 71의 단간유전자 d50은 GA$_3$ 무반응성과 밀접한 연관이 있는 것으로 생각되었다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제21권12호
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• pp.1659-1665
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• 2011

감귤류 중 수술이 퇴화되어 웅성불임형질을 나타내는 '청견' 품종에 정상적인 수술의 형태를 가진 웅성가임인 '진귤' 품종을 교배하여 150개체의 $F_1$ 집단을 구축하여 수술이 퇴화되는 개체와 정상인 개체를 분리하였다. 분리된 F1 개체들을 사용하여 SRAP 기법과 집단 분리 분석법(BSA)을 조합하여 웅성 가임 연관 마커 개발에 활용하였다. $F_1$ 집단 내 150개체 중 66개체가 퇴화 수술을 갖고 있으며 웅성 가임성과 웅성 불임성의 분리비는 1:1이며 $x^2$ 값은 2.16(p=0.05)이었다. 197개의 SRAP 프라이머 조합들 중 웅성가임 특이밴드를 형성하는 3개의 SRAP 프라이머 조합(F4/R27, F39/R60, 및 F15/R37)을 선발하였으며, 이 중 F39/R60 프라이머에 특이적으로 증폭하는 DNA단편의 염기서열을 기본으로 하여 새롭게 작성한 양방향 프라이머 조합 중 웅성 가임 계통에서만 약 1.4 Kb의 특이밴드를 증폭하는 프라이머 조합, pMS 33U/pMS 1462L를 선발하여 SCAR 마커를 개발 하였다. 이러한 결과는 개발된 SCAR 마커로 무핵성 계통들의 육종 선발에 효율성을 높일 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 1963

Two individuals of intergeneric hybrids in the crossing of Brassica pekinensis ♀$\times$Raphanus sativus ♂ were obtained, and among the three kinds of plants, Brassica, Raphanus, and F1, comparison on the mega- and microsporogenesis, megagammetophyte formation, and morphological changes in the developing sporangia, etc., were made. Differences between Brassica and Raphanus were observed in the shape of mega- and microsporangia, their changes in development, and the formation of megagametophyte. Sporangia of the F1 plants, until pre-meiotic stage, show intermediate, maternal, paternal, or vigorous inclination, and the difference of these characteristics when compared with those of the parent is slight. Meiotic irregularity resulted from the intergeneric hybridity of F1 plant gives rise to the abnormal mega- and microspore and accompanied abortive female and male gametophytes, bringing about the remarkable differences from its parent in the morphological changes of the developing mega- and microsporangia.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.7-19
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• 1972

The studies of density effect or the effect of population density on plant growth have been done on basis of dry matter production with Raphanus acanthiformis var. simoodaeguen, Brassica campestris var. Pekinensis f. namsounsokoombecheu, Oryza sativa f. kimmajae and O. sativa f. mangyeng grown in the various spacing. 1. In the early period of plant growth in dry weight was not different each other among varying densities, but as time advanced the plant grown vast space grew sufficiently compared with those of narrow one. 2. Iogarithmic relation between the growth of plant (W) and the density (P), log W-log P in the material plants, were approximated by two straight lines, one was horizontal line and another inclined: the former showed non-competition density and the latter competition density addition to these the point interlinking both lines were implied of the optimum density per unit land area at certain growth period. 3. The values of relatvie growth rate (RGR) and net assimilation rate (NAR) were decreased as increase in the density, while those of leaf area ratio (LAR) were rather increased in the same condition, with minor exception. From these results and relation between the productive structure and due to lack of the recieved light intensity owing to the mutal shading among the plants.

• 고려인삼학회:학술대회논문집
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• 고려인삼학회 2002년도 학술대회지
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• pp.467-476
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• 2002

A large number of individual ginseng plants have been selected in the farmer's fields to develop new ginseng varieties with desirable traits since 1970s. Among them, Hwangsukjong with green stem and yellow berry was selected as a ginseng germplasm. The phenotype of Hwangsukjong is quite different from Jakyungjong that has violet stem and red berry and has been cultivated in most of ginseng fields. Therefore, Hwangsukjong was crossed with Jakyungjong to clarify the inheritance of stem color and then the characteristics of $F_1\;and\;F_2$ hybrids were investigated. $F_1$ hybrid plants were similar to Jakyungjong in most of aerial part characters and showed hybrid vigor in fresh weight of root and weight of 100 seeds. In $F_2$ generation, the stem color was segregated in a ratio of 3 violet to 1 green. From this result, it was elucidated that violet color was controlled by single dominant gene. In another experiment, DNA was extracted from parents (Jakyungjong and Hwangsukjong) and $F_1$ hybrid. For each primer evaluated, multiple band profile was produced comprising from one to five major bands plus a varying number of minor bands and amplified bands were detected among most primers. In case of UBC primer number 13, 17, 30, 31, and 43, band patterns of parents and $F_1$ hybrid were very similar, but the others were not. Especially, in {\sharp}1$, {\sharp}4$, and {\sharp}33$, specific band was produced in Hwangsukjong and $F_1$ hybrid while in {\sharp}6$, another specific band was produced in Jakyungjong and $F_1$ hybrid. Therefore, $F_1$ hybrid had all specific bands at these primers. So, these selective markers could be used for identification of characteristics of $F_2$ hybrids

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.276-286
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• 2017

Licorice, a traditional Korean medicinal plant, is recognized for its main active ingredient, glycyrrhizin. The level of glycyrrhizin in Chinese licorice (Glycyrrhiza uralensis) is lower than the reference level (2.5%) set by the Korean Pharmacopoeia, reducing its value as a medicinal herb. In this study, we aimed to overcome this problem by generating an interspecific licorice hybrid by crossing European licorice (G. glabra) with Chinese licorice, resulting in the production of 32 $F_1$ lines. A comparison of genetic traits revealed variations in glycyrrhizin content among lines, ranging from 1.5 to 5.6%, with a mean value of 3.2%; these values are higher than that of the parental plants. Additionally, 25 lines (78.1%) had a glycyrrhizin content greater than 2.5%, which is higher than the reference level set by the Korean Pharmacopoeia. Four of these lines had glycyrrhizin levels higher than the WHO recommended level of 4.0%. A comparison of phenotypic characteristics showed that the leaves of the hybrids possessed all of the characteristics of European and Chinese licorice; however, the stems of most hybrids had characteristics of European licorice. Finally, we determined the genetic distances of 34 samples of Glycyrrhiza plants (parents, 32 $F_1$ lines) by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD); the $F_1$ lines showed a close genetic distance. We plan to develop to a cultivar using five of these lines (glycyrrhizin content < 4.0%).

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.708-716
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to identify strawberry wilt pathogens and evaluate the efficacy of Chlorella fusca CHK0059 for improving plant growth and suppressing Fusarium wilt. We identified 10 isolates of wilt pathogens of non-pesticide Seolhyang strawberry plant, including Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. fragariae, using morphological and molecular analysis. On the 15^th day after 0.4% CHK0059 treatment, the plant height of the untreated control strawberry plants was significantly greater than that of the CHK0059-treated strawberry plants. After 85 days, both treatments showed a similar tendency regarding the height of the strawberry plants. However, the thickness of strawberry leaves treated with the CHK0059 was found to be 1 mm thicker than that of the untreated control. The flowering percentage of the CHK0059 plants was also 40.2% higher on average than that of the untreated control. The chlorophyll content of strawberry leaves treated with the CHK0059 was also, on average, 6.63% higher than that of the untreated control. After 90 days of the CHK0059 treatment, the incidence of Fusarium wilt in the CHK0059-treated plants had reduced by 9.8% on average compared to the untreated control. The population density of F. oxysporum f. sp. fragariae was also reduced by approximately 86.8% in the CHK0059-treated plants by comparison to the untreated control at 70 days after treatment. The results indicate that the microalga C. fusca CHK0059 is an efficient biological agent for improving strawberry plant growth and suppressing Fusarium wilt disease in organic strawberries.