• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.115-123
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• 2023

PURPOSE: This study examined the effects of combined conventional exercise therapy plus respiratory exercise program with combined conventional exercise therapy plus aqua exercise program in the pulmonary function of subacute stroke patients. METHODS: The respiratory exercise program group underwent inspiration and expiration training using the Threshold IMT and Threshold PEP three days per week for four weeks. The aquatic exercise program group had aquatic aerobics, halliwick, and bad ragaz ring training three days per week for four weeks. Before and after the experiment, Pony fx was used to examine the FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC, VC, and MVV. RESULTS: Significant improvement was found after the experiment in the FVC. FEV1, VC, MVV, excepting FEV1/FVC, of the pulmonary function in the aquatic exercise program group. After the experiment, significant improvement was found in FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC, VC, and MVV of pulmonary function in the respiratory rehabilitation therapy group. No significant difference in FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC, VC, and MVV of pulmonary function was observed in the inter-group comparison. CONCLUSION: Significant improvement was found after the experiment in both the aquatic exercise program group and the respiratory exercise program group. No difference in pulmonary function was noted in the inter-group comparison. Therefore, combining general exercise therapy and an aquatic or respiratory exercise program is expected to be effective for the pulmonary function of acute stroke patients. These results are expected to provide basic data to help research intervention of aquatic and respiratory exercise programs for subacute stroke patients.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.302-307
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was conducted in order to determine the changes in pain and breathing function when kinesio taping is applied to patients with myofacial trigger points on sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle. Methods: The subjects were 25 males and females aged 20 to 30 years (male 10, female 15). They were randomly divided into the control group and the experimental group to be applied with kinesio taping. Kinesio taping was applied to SCM muscle three times per week for two weeks. Pain triggered when the taut band or nodule was palpated was measured. Pain intensity was measured using the visual analog scale (VAS). The breathing function was measured using forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), and FEV1/FVC ratio. In all subjects, VAS, breathing function was measured before and after intervention. Results: In the experimental group, pain in the SCM was relieved as VAS showed a significant decrease and FVC, FEV1, and FEV1/FVC ratio showed a significant increase. Comparison between the groups, showed significant differences in VAS and the FVC, FEV1, and FEV1/FVC ratio. Conclusion: These results suggest that myofascial pain on SCM muscle is thought a factor that affects the breathing function.

• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.1596-1601
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• 2018

Smoking can be a significant cause of lung diseases and reduced respiratory functions. Among soldiers, smoking may have a negative impact on their health (physical strength) and well being. Information on differences in the respiratory functions of smokers and nonsmokers in the military services and the effects of the smoking duration and amount (i.e., the number of cigarettes smoked per day) would be useful. This study investigated smoking durations and smoking amounts among young male soldiers (N = 61). The forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV1), and forced expiratory volume in 1 sec/forced vital capacities (FEV1/FEC) were measured FVC, FEV1, or FEV1/FEC of smokers and nonsmokers were not significantly different, and FVC and FEV1 were inversely proportional to smoking duration. Besides, the number of cigarettes smoked per day was not correlated with respiratory functions. These findings may be attributed to the effect of the strenuous physical activity (e.g., military drills) undertaken by soldiers on their respiratory functions. Despite the lack of evidence for a difference in the respiratory functions of smokers and nonsmokers, this study recommends ongoing respiratory function management through smoking cessation programs and respiratory physiotherapy to manage the respiratory functions of Korean smoking soldiers.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.263-269
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• 2017

Pulmonary function test (PFT) is a test method to determine respiratory disease. In order to obtain accurate PFT results, it is absolutely necessary to induce the inspector and cooperate with the patient. This study was to observe the importance of understanding and posture of the patient in spirometry. In 2016, 110 healthy experimenter performed spirometry; 1) only heard the explanation, 2) watching video and inspector,s demonstration, 3) twisting legs and bending shoulder. FVC, $FEV_1$, $FEV_1/FVC$, $FEF_{25-75%}$, PEF were measured by spirometry. FVC, $FEV_1$, $FEV_1/FVC$, $FEF_{25-75%}$, PEF were significantly increased before and after the understanding the test method. There was a significant difference in FVC, $FEV_1$, and PEF in the false posture. Reproducibility was significantly different in the experimenter' comprehension and false posture. This study provides accurate understanding of the patient and correct posture should be maintained during the examination to obtain correct and reproducible results of PFT.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.31-46
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• 2007

The purpose of the study was to improve the efficiency of Breath & Forced Vital Capacity(FVC) of Stroke Patients Using Record Playing Focused on Breath Training. The Training of Forced Vital Capacity(FVC) is focused on trunk muscles reinforce for Breathing. So the study tried to play Recorder for reinforcing FVC. The play included the two parts. One was for solo play, the other was play in concert base on solo play using Korea country song, Arirang. The Recorder play used abdominal breath, Pursed-lip & Paced methods. The course of play included Long Tone, Staccato, Crescendo, Decrescendo and throughout the course we tried to improve the efficiency & Quantity of breathe. Experiment performed at Social welfare institute for the old. They played & checked FVC, $FEV_1$, $FEV_1/FVC$ before & after breathe 19 times for 6 weeks using Spirovit SP-1, Schiller. After experiment we performed statical process(p<0.05) using statical Package software. The findings were as follows: Analysis for Experiment showed the numerical Value of increasing Of FVC, $FEV_1$, $FEV_1/FVC$. Increasing Percentage of Measured/Predicted FVC, $FEV_1$ (or calculated based on theory) ration was 25%, 13% and Quantity of FVC, $FEV_1$ 35%, 40%. Also $FEV_1/FVC$ Ratio(showed efficiency of breathe) raised 13%. And experiment data was confirmed by statical process. The experiment data was valuable under p<0.05. In Conclusion we think the results of experiment showed the efficiency of Music therapy for Breathe(FVC, $FEV_1$, $FEV_1/FVC$) reinforce.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.61 no.3
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• pp.227-232
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• 2006

Background: In the measurement of bronchodilator reversibility, the forced expiratory volume in one second($FEV_{1}$) and the forced vital capacity(FVC) are commonly used parameters and recommended criteria for the reversibility requiring an increase of more than 200ml and 12% above the baseline, respectively. However, aged patients do not often meet the criteria of an increase in volume(>200ml) even though the medical history of that patient is adequate for asthma. This study investigated the role of the forced expiratory volume in six seconds($FEV_{6}$) in the bronchodilator reversibility test in elderly patients. Methods: A total of 236 patients more than 65 years of age with a $FEV_{1}$/FVC ratio<80% were enrolled in this study. The bronchodilator revesibility tests were examined. With the setting $FEV_{1}$ as the baseline, the patients were divided into three groups; Group I : $$FEV_{1}{\geq_-}80%$$ of the predicted value, Group II : 60%<$FEV_{1}$<80% of the predicted value, Group III : $$FEV_{1}{\leq_-}60%$$ of the predicted value. Results: Positive reversibility in the $FEV_{1}$, $FEV_{6}$, and FVC was in 33(14.0%), 49(20.8%) and 55(23.3%). However, Group III presented with reversibility in the $FEV_{1}$, $FEV_{6}$, and FVC in 15(22.4%), 30(44.8%) and 32(47.8%) respectively. Conclusions: The $FEV_{6}$ might be used as a complementary parameter in bronchodilatror reversibility in elderly patients. However, more study will be needed to determine the usefulness of $FEV_{6}$ in bronchodilator reversibility test.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.199-204
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• 2004

Height has become one of the most important factors to determine the pulmonary function test index, and there is a high correlation between them, so that they have been utilized for evaluating pulmonary function test predictive value or nomogram. Therefore, we have tried to find out that difference and if there is any correlation and linear relationship between height and forced expiratory flow curve. There were a total of 163 subjects, male 93 and female 70. This study was done at the Department of Pulmonary Function Test of Jeon-Ju Presbyterian Hospital and we measured the index at the forced expiratory flow curve of FVC, $FEV_{1.0}$, $FEV_{1.0}$/FVC, $FEF_{25-75%}$, and $FEF_{200-1200m{\ell}}$. When we subjected the group of height more than 160cm, there were gradual increments at FVC(p<0.001), $FEV_{1.0}$(p<0.001), $FEF_{25-75%}$(p<0.05) and $FEF_{200-1200m{\ell}}$(p<0.001), but no changes at $FEV_{1.0}$/FVC in terms of forced expiratory flow curve index. We have analyzed the relationship between height and forced expiratory flow curve, there was a close relationship at FVC(r=0.670, p<0.01), $FEV_{1.0}$(r=0.491, p<0.01), $FEF_{25-75%}$ (r=0.175, p<0.05) and $FEF_{200-1200m{\ell}}$(r=0.370, p<0.01) but there was reciprocal relationship at $FEV_{1.0}$/FVC(r=-0.215, p<0.01). We have tried simple regression analysis to see if height affects forced expiratory flow curve index as a sector, and the result was $FVC(\ell)=0.0642{\times}height(cm)-7.2978$(p<0.01, $R^2=0.449$), $FEV_{1.0}(\ell)=0.0407{\times}height(cm)-4.2774$ (p<0.01, $R^2=0.2411$), $FEV_{1.0}/FVC(%)=-0.2892{\times}height(cm)+121.44$(p<0.01, $R^2=0.0464$), $FEF_{25-75%}(\ell/sec)=0.0176{\times}height(cm)-0.7876$(p<0.05, $R^2=0.0237$), $FEF_{200-1200m{\ell}}(\ell/sec)=0.0967{\times}height(cm)-11.037$(p<0.01, $R^2=0.1214$) this was approved statistically. According to this study, if height is taller than average, forced expiratory flow curve index were increased, there was a close relationship between height and forced expiratory flow curve, and there was a linear relationship as sector between height and forced expiratory flow curve index. Therefore, researches that study other factors such as sex, age, weight, body surface area, and obesity indexes other than height should be done to see if there are any further relationships.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.11-18
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• 2021

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect on lung capacity of healthy men and women in their twenties by performing an intervention using the chest extension exercise and the bridge exercise, which are respiratory muscle strengthening exercises. Methods : Thirty adult men and women in their 20s participated in this study. All subjects participated in the study after hearing the explanation of the purpose and method of the study, filling out a consent form. All subjects were randomly assigned to the chest extension exercise (CEE) group and the bridge exercise (BE) group of fifteen each. Each exercise was performed twice a week for 4 weeks. Lung capacity was measured by forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV₁) using spirometry. Lung capacity was measured before and after exercise. The measured data were compared through the dependent t-test and the independent t-test. The statistical significance level was set at .05. Results : After the intervention, the CEE group showed a significant increase in FVC and FEV₁ compared to before the intervention (p<.05). After the intervention, the BE group also had a significant increase in FVC and FEV₁ compared to before the intervention (p<.05). However, there was no difference in FVC and FEV₁ between groups before and after the intervention (p>.05). Conclusion : There was no difference between groups in lung capacity after exercise. However, both the chest extension exercise and the bridge exercise increased FVC and FEV1, which was thought to be because both exercise methods were effective in increasing lung capacity. Therefore, both chest extension exercises and bridge exercises can be effectively applied as a way to increase lung capacity.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.69-76
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• 2023

Purpose : This study aimed to compare lung capacity measures (forced vital capacity; FVC, forced expiratory volume at 1 second; FEV1, and FEV1/FVC) and the activities of rectus femoris (RF) and gastrocnemius (GCM) muscles between young adults prescribed aerobic exercise combined with lower limb strength exercise (complex exercise) and those prescribed only aerobic exercise. Methods : We randomly divided 22 young adults into 2 groups: the complex exercise group that combined the leg strengthening and aerobic exercises (n = 11) and the aerobic-exercise-only group (n=11). Before the intervention, the FVC, FEV1, and FEV1/FVC values and the activities of RF and GCM muscles were measured. Measurements were in triplicates, and the average of the 3 measurements was used. The complex exercise group performed the treadmill exercise followed by squats and lunges, and the group performed only the treadmill exercise. Both groups were allocated the same time. Both groups performed the assigned exercise thrice a week for 3 weeks. After the intervention, the FVC, FEV1, and FEV1/FVC values and the activities of RF and GCM muscles were measured again. Results : The FVC and FEV1 values increased significantly in both groups after the intervention (p<.05). RF activity increased significantly after the intervention in the complex exercise group (p<.05), and the magnitude of change in RF activity after the intervention was significantly higher in the complex exercise group than in the aerobic-exercise-only group (p<.05). GCM activity also significantly increased after the intervention in both groups (p<.05). Conclusion : On the basis of our results, we recommend combining leg strengthening and aerobic exercise to improve leg muscle activity along with lung function.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.383-387
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of a simultaneous dual-task and horse-riding simulator (HRS) training regime on pulmonary function and flexibility. Methods: Sixteen subjects were recruited and randomly allocated to two groups: a dual-task (DT) (n=8) or a single-task (ST) (n=8) training group. Flexibility and pulmonary function were assessed before and after HRS training. Both groups underwent HRS training for 4 weeks, 3 times/week in 15-minute training sessions. The ST group underwent HRS training and the DT group underwent dual-task HRS training, which consisted of throwing and catching a ball and ring catching while HRS training. Results: Training significantly increased flexibility and FVC (forced vital capacity) and FEV1 (forced expiratory volume in 1 second) in both groups (p<0.05), but FEV1/FVC and PEF (peak expiratory flow) were not significantly different after training in both groups (p>0.05). After the training, flexibility and FVC in the DT group were significantly greater than in the ST group (p<0.05), but FEV1, FEV1/FVC, and PEF were not significantly different (p>0.05). Conclusion: Simultaneous dual-task and HRS motor training improved flexibility, FVC, and FEV1, and our comparative analysis suggests that dual-task HRS training improved flexibility and FVC more than single-task training.