• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2023.04a
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• pp.36-36
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• 2023

천마(天麻, Gastrodia elata Blume)는 난초과(蘭草科, Orchidaceae)에 속하는 식물로 잎과 뿌리가 없어 탄소동화능력이 없으며, 뽕나무버섯균과 공생하는 기생식물이다. 천마는 노지 재배에 따른 안정생산 문제가 지속적으로 발생하고 있다. 혹한, 폭우 등 기상환경에 따른 연차간 수량성 차가 673~1,175kg/10a로 크고, 연작에 따른 수량성이 연작 1회 시 29%, 연작 2회 시 68%가 감소하는 경향을 보이고 있다. 따라서, 본 연구는 천마의 연작에 따른 토양내 미생물상의 변화를 분석하기 위해 수행하였다. 본 실험은 초작지, 연작 1회지, 연작 2회지 및 자생지의 각각 3곳에 대한 토양을 Metagenome 분석법을 활용하여 미생물상을 분석하였다. metagenome 분석 결과, 초작지 3곳의 시료를 이용하여 확보한 총 read는 699,221개였으며, 이 중에서 Eukaryota로 분류되지 않은 read는 1,377개(0.2%), no hit, not assign된 read는 10,510개 (1.5%), Bacteria로 분류된 read는 342,916개(49.0%), Eukaryota로 분류된 read는 총 344,418개(49.3%)였다. 그리고 천마의 생육에 영향을 주는 Fusarium 속과 종은 3곳 포장에서 고르게 분포하고 있으며, 총 11,242 read로 전체의 3.3%를 차지하였다. 연작 1회지 3곳의 시료를 이용하여 확보한 총 read는 655,097개였으며, 이 중에서 Eukaryota로 분류되지 않은 read는 1,694개(0.3%), no hit, not assign된 read는 18,985개(2.9%), Bacteria로 분류된 read는 312,201개(47.7%), Eukaryota로 분류된 read는 총 322,217개 (49.2%)였다. 그리고 천마의 생육에 영향을 주는 Fusarium 속과 종은 3곳 포장에서 고르게 분포하고 있으며, 총 11,597 read로 전체의 3.6%를 차지하였다. 연작 2회지 3곳의 시료를 이용하여 확보한 총 read는 651,624개였으며, 이 중에서 Eukaryota로 분류되지 않은 read는 1,753개(0.3%), no hit, not assign된 read는 7,995개(1.2%), Bacteria로 분류된 read는 307,178개(47.1%), Eukaryota로 분류된 read는 총 334,698개(51.4%)였다. 그리고 천마의 생육에 영향을 주는 Fusarium 속과 종은 총 43,877 read로 전체의 13.1%를 차지하였다. 자생지 3곳의 시료를 이용하여 확보한 총 read는 731,719개였으며, 이 중에서 Eukaryota로 분류되지 않은 read는 2,828개(0.4%), no hit, not assign된 read는 585개(0.1%), Bacteria로 분류된 read는 356,690개(48.7%), Eukaryota로 분류된 read는 총 371,616개(50.8%)였다. 그리고 천마의 생육에 영향을 주는 Fusarium 속과 종은 MJH01 자생지에서만 전체의 0.2%(총 660 read)로 극히 일부가 분리되었다. 따라서, 천마의 생육에 영향을 미치는 Fusarium 속과 종은 초작지 3.3%, 연작 1회지 3.6%, 연작 2회지 13.1%, 자생지 0.2%로 나타났으며, 연작 2회 시 급격히 증가하는 것으로 판단되었다.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.357-365
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• 2006

The investigations were conducted to find out the situation of fertilizer use and the contents of soil chemical components on summer vegetable crops at 791 farmers' upland fields located in the parts of Gangwon-do, Gyengsangbuk-do and Jeollabuk-do of alpine area. Major vegetable crops were potato, Chinese cabbage, radish, carrot, onion, and cabbage. From the location surroundings cultivated alpine vegetable crops, the orders were Gangwon-do>Gyeongsangbuk-do>Jeollabuk-do part in the sizes of a fie1d area and the height above sea level, and Jeollabuk-do>Gyeongsangbuk-do>Gangwon-do part in the slope degrees. The soil texture was of wide distribution on sandy loam soil for Gangwon-do(76%) and Jeollabuk-do part(64%), and 1oam(42%) and sandy loam soil(35%) for Gyeongsangbuk-do part. From the numbers of investigated fields, the distribution of slope degree was wider than those of height above sea level in relation to location surroundings. The upland soils of 785 fields cultivated vegetable crops were sampled at 0~15 cm of top soil before seeding or transplanting and analyzed. On an average, pH, organic matter, available phosphate and exchangeable potassium, calcium, magnesium of soil were 5.7, $27.6g\;kg^{-1}$, $765mg\;kg^{-1}$, $1.16cmol_c\;kg^{-1}$, $6.1cmol_c\;kg^{-1}$, and $1.6cmol_c\;kg^{-1}$, respectively. The average cation exchange capacity(CEC) of 120 sites in Gangwon-do part was $9.2cmol_c\;kg^{-1}$. The content of organic matter, exchangeable potassium, exchangeable calcium and exchangeable magnesium was higher, while that of available phosphate was lower with slope degrees. And the content of major chemical components in carrot soil was lower in comparison with other crop soils. The average levels of N, $P_2O_5$, $K_2O$, livestock manure and lime fertilizer of 785 Belds applied by farmers were 335, 198, 244, 12,680 and $1,750kg\;ha^{-1}$, respectively, for summer vegetable crops in alpine area. The average amounts of $N-P_2O_5-K_2O$ fertilizers applied by farmers in 785 Gelds of vegetable crops were higher 1.7~2.0-4.2~7.0-1.4~2.0 times on potato, 1.4~1.6-4.6~8.3-3.5~4.2 times on Chinese cabbage, and 1.2~1.3-4.2~7.2-3.0~3.61 times on radish than the rates of NPK fertilizers based on soil testing for each crop.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.1-9
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• 2018

This study is aimed to quantitatively evaluate the effects of drought on groundwater system in rural areas. For this purpose, the standardized groundwater level index (SGI) was used for 68 groundwater monitoring wells. To determine accumulation period (AP) which represents the month with the highest correlation coefficient between SGI and SPI, correlation analysis between the two for 68 wells were peformed. The results indicated the AP values ranged in 1~3 months for most of the well, but it was 7~10 months in some wells. These results can be interpreted such that the total amount of groundwater will not decrease significantly in long-term drought situations unlikely the reservoirs with the high AP values. The nationwide maximum AP values were 4.1 and 4.0 in Chungbuk-do and Gyeongnam-do, while the minimum AP values were 1.8 and 2.0 in Gangwon-do and Chungnam-do, respectively. The maximum and minimum values of correlation coefficient were 0.623 and 0.459 in Gyeongnam-do and Chungnam-do/Chungbuk-do, respectively. Consequently, it could be concluded that the wells with low AP value tend to respond to short-term drought, but it has little effect on groundwater system when the long drought occurs.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.249-251
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• 2012

There have been several reports on the relationship between toxocariasis and eosinophilia, but all have been limited to the areas of Seoul or Gangwon-do. In the present study, we investigated the seroprevalence of toxocariasis among eosinophilia patients in Chungcheongnam-do, the central district of Korea. Among the 101 patients tested, 51 (50.5%) were identified as positive by Toxocara ELISA, and 46 (45.5%) were confidently diagnosed with toxocariasis because of absence of any other cause of eosinophilia. Whereas 22 of 42 seropositive patients (52.3%) had a recent history of consuming raw livers, especially the cow liver, only 1 of 25 seronegative patients (4%) had done so (P<0.01). From these results, we could confirm that toxocariasis is related to eosinophilia, and infer that ingestion of raw cow liver plays a vital role in the transmission of toxocariasis in Chungcheongnam-do.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.263-271
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• 2016

This study investigated the hydraulic impact scope and dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration distribution by the micro-bubble aeration in the Juksan Lake located in Asan city in Chungcheongnam-do province. A tracing experiment for hydraulic impact scope was used which constituted a 20% rhodamine solution. A 160 m-guideline was installed in the horizontal direction of the micro-bubble jet flow and the rhodamine concentration, water temperature, and DO concentration were measured at depths of 1 m, 2 m, and 3 m at intervals of 10 m. In the Juksan Lake, the effective range of jet flow discharged by the micro-bubble generator was about 40 m, and after then the jet plume moved up to 80 m to 120 m through the advection and diffusion processes of ambient water. DO concentration in the lake was maintained at 7.4-12.6 mg/L during tracking experiment. The DO of the lake sediments improved from 0.2 mg/L to 8.0 mg/L after applying micro-bubble aeration. In conclusion, the micro-bubble aeration can be an effective technology for the management and improvement of water quality in an agricultural reservoir.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2000.04b
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• pp.96-99
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• 2000

We fabricated electroluminescent(EL) devices which have a blended single emitting layer containing poly(N-vinylcarbazole)[PVK] and poly(3-dodecylthiophene)[P3DoDT]. The molar ratio between P3DoDT and PVK changed with 1:0, 2:1 and 1:1. To improve the external quantum efficiency of EL devices, we applied insulating layer, LiF layer, between polymer emitting layer and Al electrode. All of the devices emit orange-red light and its can be explained that the energy transfer occurs from PVK to P3DoDT. In the voltage-current and voltage-light power characteristics of devices applied LiF layer, current and light power drastically increased with increasing applied voltage. In the consequence of the result, the external quantum efficiency of the devices that have a molar ratio 1:1 with LiF layer was 35 times larger than that of the device without LiF layer at 6V.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.167-170
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• 2003

'Jinsun', a new variety of safflower(Carthamus tinctoris L.), was developed by Kyonggi-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services in 2000. It was bred with pure line selection from Namwon local variety population. Jinsun is relatively resistant to Gleosporium carthami and has more flower head and higher ripened grain ratio. Its flowering date was June 22 in Hwaseong, Gyeonggido and contains more protein and linoleic acid relatively in grain compared with Cheongsu, check variety. Grain yield of Jinsun was 11% higher than Cheongsu.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.245-250
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• 2006

The effects of aliphatic hydrocarbons (n-hexadecane and n-dodecane) on the volumetric oxygen mass transfer coefficient $(k_L\;a)$ were studied in flat alveolar airlift reactor and continuous stirred tank reactors (CSTRs). In the flat alveolar airlift reactor, high aeration rates (>2vvm) were required in order to obtain efficient organic-aqueous phase dispersion and reliable $k_La$ measurements. Addition of 1% (v/v) n-hexadecane or n-dodecane increased the $k_La$ 1.55- and 1.33-fold, respectively, compared to the control (superficial velocity: $25.8{\times}10^{-3}m/s$, sparger orifice diameter: 0.5 mm). Analysis of the gas-liquid interfacial area a and the liquid film mass transfer coefficient $k_L$ suggests that the observed $k_La$ increase was a function of the media's liquid film mass transfer. Addition of 1% (v/v) n-hexadecane or n-dodecane to analogous setups using CSTRs led to a $k_La$ increase by a factor of 1.68 and 1.36, respectively (superficial velocity: $2.1{\times}10^{-3}m/s$, stirring rate: 250 rpm). These results propose that low-concentration addition of oxygen-vectors to aerobic microbial cultures has additional benefit relative to incubation in purely aqueous media.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2004

The present study was undertaken to investigate the infection status of Cryptosporidium parvum in the villagers and the reservoir hosts in several rural areas in Korea. A total 5,262 fecal samples were collected from the inhabitants residing at Gangwon-do, Chungcheongbuk-do, Jeollanam-do, and Gyeongsangnam-do between the dates of September, 2001 to June, 2002. In addition, 1,453 fecal samples were collected from livestock reared in Gokseong-gun, Jeollanam-do and Chungju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do. All the fecal smears were prepared by formalin-ether sedimentation, and examined by light microscopy after modified acid-fast staining. The overall positive rate of human cryptosporidiosis was 3.3%. Gokseong-gun, Jeollanam-do showed a 8.2% positive rate and appeared as the highest endemic area among the surveyed areas. Haman-gun, Gyeongsangnam-do showed a 0.4% positive rate and was the lowest endemic area. The positive rate of livestock infection in Gokseong-gun, Jeollanam-do was 94%, which was more than ten times higher than that of Chungju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do (9.3%). From these results, it was revealed that cryptosporidiosis was an endemic disease in some rural areas of Korea, and the livestock could be an important source of human infection.

• Proceedings of the Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute Conference
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• 2006.09b
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• pp.1112-1113
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• 2006

The perovskite- type oxide $(ABO_3)$ containing transition metals on the B-site show mixed (electronic/ionic) conductivity. These mixed-conductivity oxides are promising materials for oxygen permeating membranes. The main objective of this research work is to synthesize and characterization ceramic powders of the Sr-Co-Fe-O system for methane conversion using membrane reactor. SCFO powders were synthesized from the route was based on the complex method of combination of acid EDTA and citrate and shown be available by control efficient of synthesis to performed $SrCo_{0.8}Fe_{0.2}O_{3-\delta$, moreover, it presented easy implementation, reproducibility and operation. Powder ceramic was characterized by XRD, microscopic optic, SEM and TG-DTA.