• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 대한기계학회 2004년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.1128-1133
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• 2004

A comprehensive experimental and numerical study has been conducted to understand the influence of $CH_{3}Cl$ addition on $CH_{4}/O_{2}/N_{2}$ premixed flames under the oxygen enrichment. The laminar flame speeds of $CH_{4}/CH_{3}Cl/O_{2}/N_{2}$ premixed flames at room temperature and atmospheric pressure are experimentally measured using Bunsen nozzle flame technique, varying the amount of $CH_{3}Cl$ in the fuel, the equivalence ratio of the unburned mixture, and the level of the oxygen enrichment. The flame speeds predicted by a detailed chemical kinetic mechanism employed are found to be in excellent agreement with those deduced from experiments. As $CH_{3}Cl$ addition is increased temperature at the postflame is not almost varied but the heat release rate and $EI_{NO}$ are decreased. The function of $CH_{3}Cl$ as inhibitor on hydrocarbon flames becomes weakened as the level of the oxygen enrichment is increased from 0.21 to 0.5.

• Korean Journal of Crystallography
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.46-51
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• 2000

The molecular structures of 2-SC₄H₃CH=NN(H)C/sub 6/H/sub 5/(C/sub 11/H/sub 10/N₂S) and (GaMe₂)₂(2-SC₄H₃CH=NNC/sub 6/H/sub 5/)₂(C/sub 26/H/sub 30/Ga₂N₄S₂) have been determined by X-ray diffraction. Crystallographic data for 2-SC₄H₃CH=NN(H)C/sub 6/H/sub 5/:orthorhombic space group P2₁2₁2₁, a=6.108(1)Å, b=7.593(1)Å, c=22.356(2)Å, V=1037.1(3)ų, Z=4, R=0.0613. Crystallographic data for (GaMe₂)₂(2-SC₄H₃CH=NNC/sub 6/H/sub 5/)₂:monoclinic space group P2₁/n, a=15.996(2) Å, c=9.879(3)Å, β=100.07.(2)°, V=2764.599)ų, Z=4, R=0.0503.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.146-156
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• 2011

The line widths and spin-lattice relaxation times of protons in $[N(C_2H_5)_4]_2CoCl_4$ and $[N(CH_3)_4]_2CoCl_4$ single crystals were investigated in the temperature range 160-400 K. The temperature dependences of the spin-lattice relaxation times are attributed to the molecular motions of the ethyl and methyl groups in the $[N(C_2H_5)_4]^+$ and $[N(CH_3)_4]^+$ ions respectively. The NMR line widths indicate that the ethyl groups in $[N(C_2H_5)_4]_2CoCl_4$ have one more degree of freedom than the methyl groups in $[N(CH_3)_4]_2CoCl_4$. The experimental results are interpreted in terms of the reorientations of the methyl and ethyl groups.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.742-749
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• 2002

Numerical Study with detailed chemistry has been conducted to investigate the flame structure and NOx formation characteristics in oxygen -enhanced(CH$_4$/O$_2$-$N_2$) and oxygen-enhanced-EGR(CH$_4$/O$_2$-$CO_2$) counter diffusion flame with various strain rates. A small amount of $N_2$is included in oxygen-enhanced-EGR combustion, in order to consider the inevitable $N_2$contamination by $O_2$production process or air infiltration. The results are as follows : In CH$_4$/O$_2$-$CO_2$flame it is very important to adopt a radiation effect precisely because the effect of radiation changes flame structure significantly. In CH$_4$/O$_2$-$N_2$flame special strategy to minimize NO emission is needed because it is very sensitive to a small amount of $N_2$. Special attention is needed on CO emission by flame quenching, because of increased CO concentration. Spatial NO production rate of oxygen-enhanced combustion is different from that of air and oxygen-enhanced-EGR combustion in that thermal mechanism plays a role of destruction as well as production. In case CH$_4$/O$_2$-$CO_2$flame contains more than 40% $CO_2$it is possible to maintain the same EINO as that of CH$_4$/Air flame with accomplishing higher temperature than that of CH$_4$/Air flame. EINO decreases with increasing strain rate, and those effects are augmented in CH$_4$/O$_2$flame.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 대한기계학회 2001년도 추계학술대회논문집B
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• pp.185-190
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• 2001

Numerical Study with detailed chemistry has been conducted to investigate the flame structure and NOx formation characteristics in oxygen-enhanced$(CH_4/O_2-N_2)$ and oxygen-enhanced-EGR$(CH_4/O_2-CO_2)$ counter diffusion flame with various strain rates. A small amount of $N_2$ is included in oxygen-enhanced-EGR combustion, in order to consider the inevitable $N_2$ contamination by $O_2$ production process or air infiltration. The results are as follows : In $CH_4/O_2-CO_2$ flame it is very important to adopt a radiation effect precisely because the effect of radiation changes flame structure significantly. In $CH_4/O_2-N_2$ flame special strategy to minimize NO emission is needed because it is very sensitive to a small amount of $N_2$. Special attention is needed on CO emission by flame quenching, because of increased CO concentration. Spatial NO production rate of oxygen-enhanced combustion is different from that of air and oxygen-enhanced-EGR combustion in that thermal mechanism plays a role of destruction as well as production. In case $CH_4/O_2-CO_2$ flame contains more than 40% $CO_2$ it is possible to maintain the same EINO as that of $CH_4/Air$ flame with accomplishing higher temperature than that of $CH_4/Air$ flame. EINO decreases with increasing strain rate, and those effects are augmented in $CH_4/O_2$ flame. Complementary study is needed with extending the range of strain rate variation.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제38권8호
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• pp.570-575
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• 1994

The metallation of $\alpha$-methylpyridine 1(a∼f) with n-BuLi produced $\alpha-methylenylpyridinium$ salt 3(a∼f) by elimination of butane. The trapping reactions of 3(a∼f) with $Me_3SiCl\;and\;Me_2SiClCH(SiMe_3)CH_2tBu$ produced only 4(a∼f) and 5(a∼f). The $\alpha$-hydrogen atom of silylated methylene group in 4(a∼f) is more reactive than unreacted $CH_3$ of 4(a∼f) itself and 1(a∼f) toward n-BuLi at low temperature in pentane medium.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제39권5호
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• pp.393-398
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• 1995

The oxo-nitrosyl complexes (n-Bu4N)2[M4O12Mo(NO)2{RC(NH2)NHO}2{RC(NH)NO}2] (M=Mo, W; R=(CH3)2CH, n-CH3CH2CH2) have been prepared by the reactions of monomeric complex containing {Mo(NO)2}2+ and polyoxometalates with isobutyl- and n-butylamidoxime. The prepared complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, infrared, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and UV-visible spectroscopy. These complexes contain two {M2O5}2+ [M=Mo, W] cores and a central {Mo(NO)2}2+ core. The {Mo(NO)2}2+ unit was the formally cis type and C2v symmetry in geometric structure. The two {M2O5}2+ cores and a central {Mo(NO)2}2+ core were not nearly interacted with electronic localization, which were identified by spectroscopy.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.151-157
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• 1996

Magnetic properties and microstructures of FeTaNC thin films, which were deposited by magnetron reactive sputtering rrethod, were investigated as a function of $CH_{4}$ and $N_{2}$ gas partial pressures. Magnetic properties of FeTaNC films depended on total reactive gas pressure as well as $CH_{4}/N_{2}$ pressure ratios. For reactive gas partial pressures of 5~10 %, optimum magnetic properties were observed in the FeTaNC films with proper $CH_{4}/N_{2}$ ratio. On the other hand, at 15% of gas partial pressure, FeTaN and FeTaC films showed superior properties to FeTaNC films. Above 15%, the magnetic properties of films rapidly degraded due to an excess incorporation of C and/or N atoms. Excellent soft magnetic properties of 17 kG of Bs, 0.3 Oe of He, and 4000 of $\mu'$(at 5 MHz) were obtained in the FeTaNC films. High permeabilities of FeTaNC films could be explained by the Fe lattice distortion caused by N atoms, hence reduction of magnetic anisotopy. While precipitated TaN and TaC particles effectively supress the growth of $\alpha-Fe$ grains leading to a good soft magentic properties, FeN and FeC phases such as $Fe_3N$, $Fe_4N$, FexC have detrimental effects.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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• 한국표면공학회 2014년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.14-14
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• 2014

STT-MRAM의 구성물질인 magnetic tunnel junction의 효과적인 식각을 위하여 다양한 가스 조합을 연구하였다. 그 결과 $CH_4/N_2O$ gas 조합보다는 $CH_3OH$ gas 가 보다 향상된 식각 특성을 나타내었고 pulse duty ratio 변화와 기판온도 변화가 식각특성 향상에 영향을 주었음을 알 수 있었다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.535-538
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• 1999

Five coordinated water-soluble iridium(l) complex, IrH(CO)(TPPTS)3 (1) (TPPTS = P(m-C6H4SO3Na)3-xH2O) has been prepared from the reaction of IrCl3·3H2O with TPPTS and HCHO in H2O/EtOH solution. Complex 1 catalyzes the hydration of nitrites (RC ≡ N, R = CH3, CICH2, CH3(CH2)4, Ph) in aqueous solution to give the corresponding amides (RCONH2) at 100℃. The hydration of unsaturated nitrites (R'C ≡ N, R'=CH3CH=CH, CH3OCH=CH, trans-PhCH=CH, CH2=C(CH3)) takes place regioselectively on-C ≡ N group to give unsaturated amides (R'CONH2) leaving the olefinic group intact. The yields of the amides seem to be depending on the electrophilicity of the carbon of nitrile: The more the electron withdrawing ability of the substituents on nitrites, the more amides are obtained. The hydration of dinitriles (NC-R-CN, R=(CH2)4, (CH2)6) with complex 1 initially gives mono-hydration products (NC-R-CONH2) which are slowly hydrated further to give dihydration products (H2NCO-R-CONH2). The hydration of 1,4-dicyanobutane has been found to be somewhat faster than that of 1,6-dicyanohexane.