• 공업화학
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2024

NO, CO 및 CH₄의 동시 산화를 위한 4 종의 Mn-M/Al₂O₃ (M = Cu, Fe, Co, Ce) 촉매를 제조하여 산화 활성을 비교하고, 동시 산화활성이 가장 높은 Mn-Cu/Al₂O₃ 촉매에 대해 XRD, Raman, XPS, O₂-TPD 분석을 수행하였다. XRD 분석 결과, Mn-Cu/Al₂O₃ 촉매에서는 담지된 Mn과 Cu는 복합산화물로 존재하였다. Raman 및 XPS 분석을 통해 Mn-Cu/Al₂O₃ 촉매는 Mn-O-Cu 결합의 형성 과정에서 Mn 이온과 Cu 이온 간의 전자 수수가 일어남을 알 수 있었다. XPS O 1s 및 O₂-TPD 분석을 통해 Mn-Cu/Al₂O₃ 촉매는 Mn/Al₂O₃ 촉매에 비해 이동성이 우수한 흡착산소 종이 증가했음을 알 수 있었다. Mn-Cu/Al₂O₃ 촉매의 높은 동시 산화 활성은 이러한 결과에 기인한다고 판단된다. Mn-Cu/Al₂O₃ 촉매 상에서 NO는 CO와 CH₄ 산화를 촉진하지만, NO 산화는 억제되었다. 이는 NO로부터 산화된 NO₂가 CO 및 CH₄의 산화제로 사용되었기 때문이라고 추측된다. CO와 CH₄의 산화 반응은 경쟁하지만 촉매 활성 온도가 다르기 때문에 그 효과가 두드러지지 않았다.

• 열처리공학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.87-93
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• 2004

Nitrocarburizing was carried out with various $CH_4$ gas composition with 4 torr gas pressure at $570^{\circ}C$ for 3 hours and post oxidation was carried out with 100% $O_2$ gas atmosphere with 4 torr at different temperatures for various time. In the case of plasma nitrocarburizing, It is that the ratio of ${\varepsilon}-Fe_{2-3}$(N, C) and ${\gamma}^{\prime}-Fe_4$(C, N), which comprise the compound layer phase, depend on concentrations of $N_2$ gas and $CH_4$ such that when the concentration of $N_2$ and $CH_4$ increased, the ratio of ${\gamma}^{\prime}-Fe_4$(C, N) decreased, but the ratio of ${\varepsilon}-Fe_{2-3}$(N, C) increased. The thickness of compound layer consistently increased as gas concentration increased regardless of $N_2$ and $CH_4$ expect when the concentration of $CH_4$ was 3.5 volume%, it decreased insignificantly. When oxidizing for 15min in the temperature range of $460{\sim}570{^\circ}C$, the study found small amount of $Fe_3O_4$ at the temperature of $460{^\circ}C$ and also found that amounts of $Fe_2O_3$. and $Fe_3O_4$ on the surface and amount of ${\gamma}^{\prime}-Fe_4$(C, N) in the compound layer increased as the increased over $460^{\circ}C$, but the thickness of the compound layer decreased. Corrosion resistance was influenced by oxidation times and temperature.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제33권7호
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• pp.886-894
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• 2023

During the rhizoremediation of diesel-contaminated soil, methane (CH₄), a representative greenhouse gas, is emitted as a result of anaerobic metabolism of diesel. The application of methantrophs is one of solutions for the mitigation CH₄ emissions during the rhizoremediation of diesel-contaminated soil. In this study, CH₄-oxidizing rhizobacteria, Methylocystis sp. JHTF4 and Methyloversatilis sp. JHM8, were isolated from rhizosphere soils of tall fescue and maize, respectively. The maximum CH₄ oxidation rates for the strains JHTF4 and JHM8 were 65.8 and 33.8 mmol·g-DCW^-1·h^-1, respectively. The isolates JHTF4 and JHM8 couldn't degrade diesel. The inoculation of the isolate JHTF4 or JHM8 significantly enhanced diesel removal during rhizoremediation of diesel-contaminated soil planted with maize for 63 days. Diesel removal in the tall fescue-planting soil was enhanced by inoculating the isolates until 50 days, while there was no significant difference in removal efficiency regardless of inoculation at day 63. In both the maize and tall fescue planting soils, the CH₄ oxidation potentials of the inoculated soils were significantly higher than the potentials of the non-inoculated soils. In addition, the gene copy numbers of pmoA, responsible for CH₄ oxidation, in the inoculated soils were significantly higher than those in the non-inoculated soils. The gene copy numbers ratio of pmoA to 16S rDNA (the ratio of methanotrophs to total bacteria) in soil increased during rhizoremediation. These results indicate that the inoculation of Methylocystis sp. JHTF4 and Methyloversatilis sp. JHM8, is a promising strategy to minimize CH₄ emissions during the rhizoremediation of diesel-contaminated soil using maize or tall fescue.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제27권12호
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• pp.2023-2027
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• 2006

Dibenzyl sulfide was oxidized at the a-carbon to yield benzaldehyde in the presence of $Pd(NO_3)_2$. Oxygen itself could not oxidize the sulfide directly, instead the nitrato ligand of the palladium complex transferred oxygen to dibenzyl sulfide to form benzaldehyde. The X-ray crystal structure of the intermediate complex, cis-[$Pd(NO_3)_2${$S(CH_2C_6H_5)_2$}$_2$], revealed that the nitrato ligand was unidentate. Para-substituted dibenzyl sulfides I, $(YC_6H_4CH_2)_2S $wherein Y = $OCH_3$, $CH_3$, Cl, CN, or $NO_2$, were synthesized and reacted with palladium nitrate, and those with electron-donating substituents (Y = $OCH_3$ and $CH_3$) were good substrates for the oxidation reaction with palladium nitrate. Thus, the reaction mechanism of the oxygen transfer was proposed to include nucleophilic benzylic carbon.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.89-93
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• 2000

The oxidation of methane was carried out in six different configurations of plasma reactors in order to study the radical reactions inside and outside of the plasma zone and to explore the method to control them. Various radicals and reactive molecules, such as CH, $CH_{2}$, $CH_{3}$, H, and O(from $O_{2}$) were generated in the plasma. A variety of products were produced through many competing reaction pathways. Among them. partial oxidation products were usually not favored, because the intermediates leading to the partial oxidation products could be oxidized further to carbon dioxides easily. It is important to control the free radical reactions in the plasma reactor by controlling the experimental conditions so that the reactions leading to the desired products are the major pathways.

• 공업화학
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.39-48
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• 1997

카본전극을 이용한 양극산화을 통해 1,1-Bis-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethane으로부터 $CH_3CN$이나 $CH_2Cl_2/TFA$-혼합용액계에서 Intramolecular cyclizatlon 반응이 일어났다. Intramolecular cyclization에 의한 생성물(9-methyl-2,3,6,7-tetramethoxyfluorene)은 출발물질보다 더 쉽게 산화되고, 그에 따른 산화생성물은 $CH_3CN$계에서 불안정하여 낮을 수율을 나타냈다. TFA가 존재하는 계에서는 Fluorene 유도체의 산화생성물인 radical cation이 안정하여 환원 후에 더 좋은 수율로 합성할 수 있었다.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.384-392
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• 1984

완전히 포화된 거대고리 리간드의 Fe(II) 착화합물 [Fe([14]aneN$_4)(CH_3CN)_2]^{2+}$과 ([14]ane$N_4$:1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane) 산소분자간의 반응을 아세토니트릴 용액중에서 연구하였다. [Fe([14]aneTEX>$_4)(CH_3CN)_2]^{2+}$는 산소와 쉽게 반응하여 낮은 스핀 Fe(III) 착화합물 [Fe([14]aneN$_4)(CH_3CN)_2]^{3+}$을 생성하고 이는 다시 산화성 탈수소 반응에 의해 낮은 스핀 Fe(II) 착화합물 [Fe([14]tetraeneN$_4)(CH_3CN)_2]^{2+}$을 형성한다. [Fe([14]tetraeneN$_4)(CH_3CN)_2]^{2+}$의 리간드는 불포화도가 매우 높고 이중결합이 컨쥬게이션 되어 있다. 또한 반응의 중간체로서 [Fe([14]dieneN$_4)(CH_3CN)_2]^{2+}$ 및 [Fe([14]dieneN$_4)(CH_3CN)_2]^{3+}$도 분리되었다. 이 반응과 관련된 Fe(II) 착화합물들은 일산화탄소와 반응하여 [FeL(CH$_3CN)(CO)]^{2+}$ (L = 거대고리 리간드) 형태의 착화합물을 이룬다. [FeL(CH$_3CN)(CO)]^{2+}$의 $v_{CO}$ 값과 [FeL(CH$_3CN_2)^{2+}$의 Fe(II) ${\to}$ Fe(III)의 전기화학적 산화포텐셜 및 산소에 대한 정성적인 안전성은 거대고리 리간드의 불포화도가 높아질수록 증가한다.

• 공업화학
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.64-72
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 다양한 증진제에 따른 $CH_4-SCR$ 반응특성을 확인하기 위하여 $Pt/Al_2O_3$를 기본으로 한 촉매에 알칼리, 알칼리 토류 금속을 담지하여 습식함침법으로 제조한다. 본 연구를 통해 $Pt/Al_2O_3$ 촉매에 Na를 담지시킬 경우 Pt와 Na 원자간 electronegative gap의 발생으로 Pt의 valence state 변화를 일으키며, 금속상 Pt의 비율이 증가됨을 확인할 수 있다. 또한 Na 첨가를 최적화시켜 제조한 촉매의 금속상 Pt종은 촉매표면에서 NO species 흡착 증진과 환원제로 사용되는 $CH_4$의 $CO_2$로의 산화를 억제시킨다. 이때, Na/Pt의 mole ratio는 4.0이 최적화이며, $CH_4-SCR$ 효율이 가장 우수하다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.669-673
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• 2002

Ni catalyst (Ni: 15 wt%) supported on precalcined SiO2 has been investigated in reforming reactions of methane to synthesis gas. The catalyst exhibited fairly good activity and stability in partial oxidation of methane (POM), whereas it deactivated in steam reforming of methane (SRM). Pulse reaction results of CH4, O2, and CH4/O2 revealed that Ni/SiO2 has high capability to dissociate methane. The results also revealed that both CH4 and O2 are activated on the surface of metallic Ni, and then surface carbon species react with adsorbed oxygen to produce CO and CO2 depending on the bond strength of the oxygen species on the catalyst surface.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회B
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• pp.2232-2237
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• 2007

Steam reforming and catalytic reforming of $CH_4$ conversion to produce synthesis gas require both high temperatures and high pressure. Non-thermal plasma is considered to be a promising technology for the hydrogen rich gas production from methane. In this study, three phase AC GlidArc plasma system was employed to investigate the effects of gas composition, gas flow rate, catalyst reactor temperature and applied electric power on the $CH_4$ and $H_2$ yield and the product distribution. The studied system consisted of three electrode and it connected AC generate power system different voltages. In this study, air was used for the partial oxidation of methane. The results showed that increasing gas flow rate, catalyst reactor temperature, or electric power enhanced $CH_4$ conversion and $H_2$ concentration. The reference conditions were found at a $O_2$/C molar ratio of 0.45, a feed flow rate of 4.9 ${\ell}$/min, and input power of 1kW for the maximum conversions of $CH_4$ with a high selectivity of $H_2$ and a low reactor energy density.