• Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.125-147
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• 2020

On the World Refugee Day in 2017, Yao Chen, a Chinese actress, philanthropist, and social media influencer, posted messages in her Weibo in support of the United Nations Refugee Agency (UNHCR). Yet, social media users quickly interpreted this supportive message of the refugee program as encouraging people to "accept and receive refugees" (jieshou nanmin) into China. Particularly, the category of Middle Eastern refugees elicited most criticism in China's cyberspace. As the inclusion of refugees is an integral part of immigrant multiculturalism, this article examines the limits of multicultural imagination of refugees―particularly those from the Middle Eastern and North Africa―in contemporary China. I argue that the limits of multicultural imagination in contemporary China is profoundly shaped by an intricate interweaving of domestic policies and global imaginaries toward refugees. By deploying a mixed methodology, such limits are examined from legal-institutional, ideological, and sociocultural perspectives. More specifically, three interrelated aspects will be highlighted in the article: (1) the global circulation of right-wing populism imaginaries, and their entanglements with the anti-Muslim sentiments in contemporary China; (2) the current insufficiency of the legal-institutional framework regarding refugees and asylum-seekers, which needs to be contextualized in China's modern history of dealing with refugee issues; (3) population politics, the rise of Han-centric nationalism, and their constraining impact on the interpretation of historical events related to cultural diversity. In conclusion, this article also offers potential implications for further examining the different yet potentially intersected genealogies of multicultural imaginaries beyond the Middle Eastern and North African refugees in Asia.

• Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.197-215
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• 2020

Teaching has become a feminized profession, especially in elementary teaching, in which it is regarded as "women's work." Concerns about the "extinction" of men in the field resulted in calls for male teachers. While studies indicate that there is positive discrimination in favor of men (despite the feminization of teaching), it appears that there are also forms of discrimination that work against them. As such this study explored the challenges of being a male in the feminized profession from the perspective of male teacher candidates. Studies in the field of teacher education in the Philippines mainly focus on curriculum and students' academic achievement, hence an inquiry must be done on the plight of male teachers in a gendered profession. A phenomenological study was employed to look into the realities of six male teacher candidates. Findings show that male teachers are: (1) leadership-destined; (2) conflicted; (3) limited; and (4) devalued. The narrative of male teachers in the Philippine education sector reveals the need to revisit programs and policies in professional development and support. Finally, recommendations are made for teacher education programs to guide teacher candidates' experiences towards a more inclusive profession.

• 한류연구
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.27-31
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• 2023

The purpose of this paper is to study the relationship between Art management and Cultural activities in China from the K-wave case. Research design, data, and methodology: This study used the method of the cases study survey, with the K-wave case in as the survey objects, 3 valid survey sample case were collected in this paper. Results: The two dimensions of art management and cultural activities differently influences from the K-wave, and the influence of availability on customer satisfaction is not significant. Conclusion: The results of this study will provide useful reference for the Art management and Cultural activities in China from the K-wave case. And improve the development of art management and cultural activities in China by improving the K-wave of service quality. Art management can shape urban commercial space in a beneficial way, create a good consumption atmosphere, and enhance the attractiveness and competitiveness of the city. The introduction of art elements into urban commercial space can create a strong cultural atmosphere, so that the city presents a smart look. Art management has a positive impact on K-Wave production and operation activities, which can promote the shaping of art commercial space, the promotion of urban cultural atmosphere.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제40권6호
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• pp.173-179
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• 2012

Hedera helix의 저온에서의 피해 및 생육진단을 위하여 적외선서모그라피에 의해 측정한 적외선 열영상으로 부위별 체표면온도를 해석하였다. 노지재배품 첨단부와 기부의 엽신에 대한 실험설정온도 $-6^{\circ}C$구와 $-12^{\circ}C$구의 온도분포를 각각 비교해보았다. 결과 노지재배품 첨단부의 $-6^{\circ}C$실험구에서의 엽면온도는 $-2^{\circ}C{\sim}-7^{\circ}C$의 분포를, $-12^{\circ}C$실험구에서는 $-2^{\circ}C{\sim}-15^{\circ}C$까지의 범위에 분포하고 있었다. 한편 노지재배품 기부의 엽면온도는 $-6^{\circ}C$실험구에서의 엽면온도는 $-2^{\circ}C{\sim}-11^{\circ}C$의 분포를, $-12^{\circ}C$실험구에서는 $-1^{\circ}C{\sim}-12^{\circ}C$까지의 범위에 분포하고 있었다. 이를 보면 $-6^{\circ}C$실험구에서는 첨단부쪽이, $-12^{\circ}C$실험구에서는 기부쪽이 보다 광범위한 온도분포를 보여 주었다. 이는 대체적으로 기부 쪽보다는 첨단부 쪽의 엽신이 저온감수성이 높은 것을 의미한다. 한풍피해를 규명하기 위하여 노지재배품의 평균엽면온도를 측정한 결과 $0^{\circ}C$실험구에서 $-6.2^{\circ}C$, $-2^{\circ}C$실험구에서 $-6.8^{\circ}C$, $-4^{\circ}C$실험구에서 $-7.5^{\circ}C$를 나타내어 각각의 설정온도(공기온도) 보다도 $3.5{\sim}6.2^{\circ}C$ 저온이었으며 부위별로 온도가 다른 점으로 보아 저온감수성이 상이한 것으로 추론하였다.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.1109-1126
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• 2013

Let $\mathbb{M}^3_q(c)$ denote the 3-dimensional space form of index $q=0,1$, and constant curvature $c{\neq}0$. A curve ${\alpha}$ immersed in $\mathbb{M}^3_q(c)$ is said to be a Bertrand curve if there exists another curve ${\beta}$ and a one-to-one correspondence between ${\alpha}$ and ${\beta}$ such that both curves have common principal normal geodesics at corresponding points. We obtain characterizations for both the cases of non-null curves and null curves. For non-null curves our theorem formally agrees with the classical one: non-null Bertrand curves in $\mathbb{M}^3_q(c)$ correspond with curves for which there exist two constants ${\lambda}{\neq}0$ and ${\mu}$ such that ${\lambda}{\kappa}+{\mu}{\tau}=1$, where ${\kappa}$ and ${\tau}$ stand for the curvature and torsion of the curve. As a consequence, non-null helices in $\mathbb{M}^3_q(c)$ are the only twisted curves in $\mathbb{M}^3_q(c)$ having infinite non-null Bertrand conjugate curves. In the case of null curves in the 3-dimensional Lorentzian space forms, we show that a null curve is a Bertrand curve if and only if it has non-zero constant second Frenet curvature. In the particular case where null curves are parametrized by the pseudo-arc length parameter, null helices are the only null Bertrand curves.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제45권12호
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• pp.911-922
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• 2022

A structural protein of SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2), nucleocapsid (N) protein is phosphorylated by glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3 on the serine/arginine (SR) rich motif located in disordered regions. Although phosphorylation by GSK-3β constitutes a critical event for viral replication, the molecular mechanism underlying N phosphorylation is not well understood. In this study, we found the putative alpha-helix L/FxxxL/AxxRL motif known as the GSK-3 interacting domain (GID), found in many endogenous GSK-3β binding proteins, such as Axins, FRATs, WWOX, and GSKIP. Indeed, N interacts with GSK-3β similarly to Axin, and Leu to Glu substitution of the GID abolished the interaction, with loss of N phosphorylation. The N phosphorylation is also required for its structural loading in a virus-like particle (VLP). Compared to other coronaviruses, N of Sarbecovirus lineage including bat RaTG13 harbors a CDK1-primed phosphorylation site and Gly-rich linker for enhanced phosphorylation by GSK-3β. Furthermore, we found that the S202R mutant found in Delta and R203K/G204R mutant found in the Omicron variant allow increased abundance and hyper-phosphorylation of N. Our observations suggest that GID and mutations for increased phosphorylation in N may have contributed to the evolution of variants.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.464-468
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• 2002

대장균 트립토판 중합효소(tryptophan synthase) $\alpha$ 소단 위체의 96번, 139번 과 258번 자리를 돌연변이 시킨 이중 돌연변이체 P96L/F139W, P6L/F258W와 삼중 돌연변이체 P96L/F139W/F258W의 효소 활성도와 형광 분광계를 이용한 분광학적 성질을 조사하였다. 이중 돌연변이체의 효소 활성도는 야생형과 유사하나 삼중 돌연변이체는 40% 감소된 활성도를 가진다. P96L/F139W 와 P96L/F258W의 형광세기는 야생형에 비해 감소하였으나 P96L/F139W/F258W는 야생형에 비해 증가하였다. 효소 활성도와 형광 결과는 96번의 치환이 8번 알파구조와 4번 베타 구조와 4번 알파구조 사이의 loop의 안정성에 영향을 준 것을 나타낸다. 이 결과로부터 P96L/F139W/F258W는 야생형과 다른 3차 구조를 가지나 139번과 258면 주위는 더 조밀한 구조를 가지고 있다는 것을 보여준다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.301-310
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• 2010

Bacillus subtilis strains produce a broad spectrum of bioactive peptides. The lipopeptide surfactin belongs to one well-known class, which includes amphiphilic membrane-active biosurfactants and peptide antibiotics. Both the srfA promoter and the ComP-ComA signal transduction system are an important part of the factor that results in the production of surfactin. Bs-M49, obtained by means of low-energy ion implantation in wild-type Bs-916, produced significantly lower levels of surfactin, and had no obvious effects against R. solani. Occasionally, we found strain Bs-M49 decreased spore formation and the development of competence. Blast comparison of the sequences from Bs-916 and M49 indicate that there is no difference in the srfA operon promoter PsrfA, but there are differences in the coding sequence of the comA gene. These differences result in three missense mutations within the M49 ComA protein. RT-PCR analyses results showed that the expression levels of selected genes involved in competence and sporulation in both the wild-type Bs-916 and mutant M49 strains were significantly different. When we integrated the comA ORF into the chromosome of M49 at the amyE locus, M49 restored hemolytic activity and antifungal activity. Then, HPLC analyses results also showed the comA-complemented strain had a similar ability to produce surf actin with wild-type strain Bs-916. These data suggested that the mutation of three key amino acids in ComA greatly affected the biological activity of Bacillus subtilis. ComA protein 3D structure prediction and motif search prediction indicated that ComA has two obvious motifs common to response regulator proteins, which are the N-terminal response regulator receiver motif and the C-terminal helix-turn-helix motif. The three residues in the ComA N-terminal portion may be involved in phosphorylation activation mechanism. These structural prediction results implicate that three mutated residues in the ComA protein may play an important role in the formation of a salt-bridge to the phosphoryl group keeping active conformation to subsequent regulation of the expression of downstream genes.

• 한국경제지리학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.96-109
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• 2019

지역발전에 기여하는 시민대학(civic university)으로서 대학의 공공재적 역할이 점차 강조됨에 따라, 대학 산학협력 사업도 대학-기업-정부(지자체)의 3 주체에서 지역사회가 추가된, 이른바 쿼드러플 힐릭스 주체 간 상호 작용을 통한 대학-지역 연계형 산학협력에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 사회맞춤형 산학협력 선도대학육성사업(LINC+)에 참여하고 있는 55개 대학의 54개 사례를 분석 대상으로 하여 지역연계형 산학협력 사업의 발전단계와 특성을 분석하였다. 이를 위해 지역연계형 산학협력 사업을 네트워크의 참여도와 네트워크 강도의 2가지 핵심 지표에 준거하여 4가지 유형과 발전단계로 구분하고, FGI 방법론을 사용하여 분류하였다. 분석 결과, 아직은 발전단계 초기인 사업들의 비중이 압도적으로 높았으나, 일부 대학들은 지역사회와 긴밀한 협력 체계를 구축하여 산학협력 사업의 실효성을 높이고 내실화를 추구하면서 고도화된 산학협력 단계로 이행한 모습을 보이고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 분석결과는 그간 정책적 실효성에 비판을 받아온 LINC사업이 지역연계형 사업을 통해 정책적 실효성을 높이는데 기여할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 지역혁신의 주체로서 대학의 역할을 제고하는 효과도 거둘 수 있음을 시사한다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권12호
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• pp.7473-7482
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• 2013

The G-protein coupled receptor 87 (GPR87) is a recently discovered orphan GPCR which means that the search of their endogenous ligands has been a novel challenge. GPR87 has been shown to be overexpressed in squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) or adenocarcinomas in lungs and bladder. The 3D structure of GPR87 was here modeled using two templates (2VT4 and 2ZIY) by a threading method. Functional assignment of GPR87 by SVM revealed that along with transporter activity, various novel functions were predicted. The 3D structure was further validated by comparison with structural features of the templates through Verify-3D, ProSA and ERRAT for determining correct stereochemical parameters. The resulting model was evaluated by Ramachandran plot and good 3D structure compatibility was evidenced by DOPE score. Molecular dynamics simulation and solvation of protein were studied through explicit spherical boundaries with a harmonic restraint membrane water system. A DRY-motif (Asp-Arg-Tyr sequence) was found at the end of transmembrane helix3, where GPCR binds and thus activation of signals is transduced. In a search for better inhibitors of GPR87, in silico modification of some substrate ligands was carried out to form polar interactions with Arg115 and Lys296. Thus, this study provides early insights into the structure of a major drug target for SCCs.