• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.48.1-48.1
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• 2013

It is known that the diffuse $H{\alpha}$ emission outside of bright H II regions not only are very extended, but also can occur in distinct patches or filaments far from H II regions, and the line ratios of [S II] ${\lambda}6716/H{\alpha}$ and [N II] ${\lambda}6583/H{\alpha}$ observed far from bright H II regions are generally higher than those in the H II regions. These observations have been regarded as evidence against the dust-scattering origin of the diffuse $H{\alpha}$ emission (including other optical lines), and the effect of dust scattering has been neglected in studies on the diffuse $H{\alpha}$ emission. However, as opposed to the previous contention, the expected dust-scattered $H{\alpha}$ halos surrounding H II regions are, in fact, in good agreement with the observed $H{\alpha}$ morphology. We find that the observed line ratios of [S II]/$H{\alpha}$, [N II]/$H{\alpha}$, and He I ${\lambda}5876/H{\alpha}$ in the diffuse ISM accord well with the dust-scattered halos around H II regions, which are photoionized by late O- and/or early B-type stars. We also demonstrate that the $H{\alpha}$ absorption feature in the underlying continuum from the dust-scattered starlight ("diffuse galactic light") and unresolved stars is able to substantially increase the [S II]/$H{\alpha}$ and [N II]/$H{\alpha}$ line ratios in the diffuse ISM.

• Journal of the Chungcheong Mathematical Society
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.279-285
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• 2008

This paper presents some characterizations of the Weibull distribution by the independence of record values. We prove that $X{\sim}Weibull(1,{\alpha})$, ${\alpha}>0$ if and only if $\frac{X_{U(n+1)}}{X_{U(n+1)}-X_{U(n)}}$ and $X_{U(n+1)}$ for $n{\geq}1$ are independent. We show that $X{\sim}Weibull(1,{\alpha})$, ${\alpha}>0$ if and only if $\frac{X_{U(n+1)}}{X_{U(n+1)}-X_{U(n)}}$ and $X_{U(n+1)}$ for $n{\geq}1$ are independent. And we establish that $X{\sim}Weibull(1,{\alpha})$, ${\alpha}>0$ if and only if $\frac{X_{U(n+1)}+X_{U(n)}}{X_{U(n+1)}-X_{U(n)}}$ and $X_{U(n+1)}$ for $n{\geq}1$ are independent.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.238-244
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• 1981

The thin Layer chromatographic determination of ${\alpha}-solanine $ in potato tuber was investigated. The solanine was extracted with methanol-chloroform mixture (2 : 1, v/v) and precipitated as the crude glycoalkaloid by the addition of ammonium hydroxide. The solanine in the crude precipitate was separated by TLC using a solvent system of 1% $NH_4OH-absolute$ ethanol-chloroform (1:2:2, v/v). The purity of ${\alpha}-solanine $ was confirmed by infrared spectrophotometry. The ${\alpha}-solanine $ separated by TLC was determined at the wavelength of 310nm after coloration with concentrated sulfuric acid-1% paraformaldehyde, with the molar absorptivity of 2,090.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.67-71
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• 2009

Estrogen receptor ${\alpha}$ ($ER{\alpha}$) mediates the mitogenic effects of estrogen. $ER{\alpha}$ signaling regulates the normal growth and differentiation of mammary tissue, but uncontrolled $ER{\alpha}$ activation increases the risk to breast cancer. Estrogen binding induces ligand-dependent $ER{\alpha}$ activation, thereby facilitating $ER{\alpha}$ dimerization, promoter binding and coactivator recruitment. $ER{\alpha}$ can also be activated in a ligand-independent manner by many signaling pathways, including protein kinase A (PKA) signaling. However, in several $ER{\alpha}$-positive breast cancer cells, PKA inhibits estrogen-dependent cell growth. FoxH1 represses the transcriptional activities of estrogen receptors and androgen receptors (AR). Interestingly, FoxH1 has been found to inhibit the PKA-induced and ligand-induced activation of AR. In the present study, we examined the effects of PKA activation on the ability of FoxH1 to represses $ER{\alpha}$ transcriptional activity. We found that PKA increases the protein stability of FoxH1, and that FoxH1 inhibits PKA-induced and estradiol-induced activation of an estrogen response element (ERE). Furthermore, in MCF7 cells, FoxH1 knockdown increased the PKA-induced and estradiol-induced activation of the ERE. These results suggest that PKA can negatively regulate $ER{\alpha}$, at least in part, through FoxH1.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.92-96
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• 1997

A Korean commercial sweet rice drink "Sikhye" showed sucrose, fructose, glucose, maltose, limit dextrin and various size of maltooligosaccharides in HPLC and TLC analysis. Commercial Sikhye was found to contain 0.09% of limit dextrin and 0.2% of rice residue. Limit dextrin in commercial Sikhye showed both signal of $\alpha$-1,4- and $\alpha$-1,6-glucosidic linkage with its estimation ratio of 15:1 by 1H-NMR analysis. This limit dextrin was hydrolyzed to produce various size of maltooligosaccarides with more longer chain than that of traditional Sikhye by pullulanase. Limit dextrin was digested wit enzymes(30units/ml) of $\alpha$-amylase, $\alpha$-glucosidase and glucoamylase from Aspergillus awamori, sweet potato $\beta$-amylase and human salivary $\alpha$-amylase at 37$^{\circ}C$ for 1 hour, respectively. Hydrolysis rates of these amylases on it were higher than in case of traditional sikhye. $\alpha$-Glucosidase plus human salivary $\alpha$-amylase hydrolyzed it to 61.3%. Hydrolysis rates of these amylases on rice residue were lower than that of traditional Sikye. These results suggest that limit dextrin in commercial Sikhye is less effective than isomaltooligosaccharides in traditional Sikhye as a growth factor for Bifidobacterium while rice residue in commercial Sikhye is more effective than that in traditional Sikhye as dietary fiber.ary fiber.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.269-275
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• 1981

The fishing hooks were tested for breaking and unbending due to plastic deformation of the material. Study of tensile test is not complicated, but has not even worked out fully enough, especially when the test specimen is subjected to plastic deformation. The fishing hook is subjected to unbending stress and the critical section is a Point which is furthest from the line of action of the forces. The dynamic force of fish during jerks depends on their speed of movement and body weight, the kinetic energy corresponding to it and also on the rlastic displacement of the rigging which absorb the energy. Six kinds of hook were tested by the dynamometer under tensile speed 290mm/min (subscript s) and 780mm/min (subscript f). According to their results, the breaking load(B: kg) can be induced with the formula $B={\alpha}wd^2+\beta$ where w(mm) is the distance between the barb base and the lower shank and d(mm) is diameter. The coefficients of the formula for the round hooks(R) and the angular hooks(A) are approximately as follows: $$R:\;\alpha_{s}=0.5,\;\beta_{s}=1.6,\;\alpha_{f}=0.4,\;\beta_{f}=1.4$$ $$A:\;\alpha_{s}=1.1,\;\beta_{s}=2.0,\;\alpha_{f}=1.0,\;\beta_{f}=0.9$$ The ratio of $B_{f}\;to\;B_{s}$ is corresponding to 0.8. The ratio of deformation(X) that is moved distance of barb base at break to the distance(H) between head base and barb base is about $50\%$. Further study should be carried out on the subject of impact and fatigue test under the same condition which is exerted force by the hooked fish.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.323-326
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• 1994

Three new sesquiterpene lactone glucosides named dentatins A, B and C were isolated from lxeris dentata and the structures were elucidated as $3{\betha}, {\;}8{\betha}-dihydroxy-(1{\alpha}, 5{\alpha})guainan-10(14)-ene-6{\alpha}, {;\}12-olide-3-O-{\betha}-D-giucopyuranoside{\;}(1), {\;}3{\betha}, {\;}8{\betha}-dihydroxy-(1{\alpha}, {\;}5{\alpha})-guaian-4(15), {\;}10(14)-diene-6{\alpha}, {\;}12-plide-3-O-{\betha}-D-glucopyranoside{\;}(3)$, respectively, on the basis of spectral evidence.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.81-89
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• 2012

In the present paper, we nd the conditions to characterize projective change between two (${\alpha}$, ${\beta}$)-metrics, such as Matsumoto metric $L=\frac{{\alpha}^2}{{\alpha}-{\beta}}$ and Randers metric $\bar{L}=\bar{\alpha}+\bar{\beta}$ on a manifold with dim $n$ > 2, where ${\alpha}$ and $\bar{\alpha}$ are two Riemannian metrics, ${\beta}$ and $\bar{\beta}$ are two non-zero 1-formas.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.243-254
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• 1992

In the present study two sets of unbalanced two-way cross-classification data with and without empty cell(s) were used to evaluate empirically the various sums of squares in the analysis of variance table. Searle(1977) and Searle et.al.(1981) developed a method of computing R($\alpha$\mid$\mu, \beta$) and R($\beta$\mid$\mu, \alpha$) by the use of partitioned matrix of X'X for the model of no interaction, interchanging the columns of X in order of $\alpha, \mu, \beta$ and accordingly the elements in b. An alternative way of computing R($\alpha$\mid$\mu, \beta$), R($\beta$\mid$\mu, \alpha$) and R($\gamma$\mid$\mu, \alpha, \beta$) without interchanging the columns of X has been found by means of,$(X'X)^-$ derived, using $W_2 = Z_2Z_2-Z_2Z_1(Z_1Z_1)^-Z_1Z_2$. It is true that $R(\alpha$\mid$\mu,\beta,\gamma)\Sigma = SSA_W and R(\beta$\mid$\mu,\alpha,\gamma)\Sigma = SSB_W$ where $SSA_W$ and means analysis and $R(\gamma$\mid$\mu,\alpha,\beta) = R(\gamma$\mid$\mu,\alpha,\beta)\Sigma$ for the data without empty cell, but not for the data with empty cell(s). It is also noticed that for the datd with empty cells under W - restrictions $R(\alpha$\mid$\mu,\beta,\gamma)_W = R(\mu,\alpha,\beta,\gamma)_W - R(\mu,\alpha,\beta,\gamma)_W = R(\alpha$\mid$\mu) and R(\beta$\mid$\mu,\alpha,\gamma)_W = R(\mu,\alpha,\beta,\gamma)_W - R(\mu,\alpha,\beta,\gamma)_W = R(\beta$\mid$\mu) but R(\gamma$\mid$\mu,\alpha,\beta)_W = R(\mu,\alpha,\beta,\gamma)_W - R(\mu,\alpha,\beta,\gamma)_W \neq R(\gamma$\mid$\mu,\alpha,\beta)$. The hypotheses $H_o : K' b = 0$ commonly tested were examined in the relation with the corresponding sums of squares for $R(\alpha$\mid$\mu), R(\beta$\mid$\mu), R(\alpha$\mid$\mu,\beta), R(\beta$\mid$\mu,\alpha), R(\alpha$\mid$\mu,\beta,\gamma), R(\beta$\mid$\mu,\alpha,\gamma), and R(\gamma$\mid$\mu,\alpha,\beta)$ under the restrictions.

• BMB Reports
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• v.42 no.11
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• pp.737-742
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• 2009

Hypoxia-inducible factor-$1{\alpha}/{\beta}$ (HIF-$1{\alpha}/{\beta}$) is a heterodimeric transcriptional activator that mediates gene expression in response to hypoxia. HIF-$1{\alpha}$ has been noted as an effective therapeutic target for ischemic diseases such as myocardiac infarction, stroke and cancer. By using a yeast two-hybrid system and a random peptide library, we found a 16-mer peptide named F29 that directly interacts with the bHLH-PAS domain of HIF-$1{\alpha}$. We found that F29 facilitates the interaction of the HIF-$1{\alpha/\beta}$ heterodimer with its target DNA sequence, hypoxia-responsive element (HRE). The transient transfection of an F29-expressing plasmid increases the expression of both an HRE-driven luciferase gene and the endogenous HIF-1 target gene, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Taken together, we conclude that F29 increases the DNA-binding ability of HIF-$1{\alpha}$, leading to increased expression of its target gene VEGF. Our results suggest that F29 can be a lead compound that directly targets HIF-$1{\alpha}$ and increases its activity.