• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.186-194
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• 2016

Consumption of fruits and vegetables has been conducted to be effective in the prevention of chronic diseases. In this study, 70% methanol, 70% ethanol and chloroform-methanol mixture (CM, 2:1, v/v) were used as solvents in the extraction of apple peels. The total phenol content, total flavonoid content and antioxidant activity of various extracts were investigated using in vitro assays. The extract obtained by 70% methanol showed the highest total phenol content ($20.87{\pm}0.17mgCAE/g$), ABTS [2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt] radical scavenging activity and ferric reducing antioxidant power. However, 70% ethanol extract possessed the strongest antioxidant activity assayed by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity and ${\beta}$-carotene bleaching method. And CM extract was found to show the highest total flavonoid content with the value of $9.26{\pm}0.06mgQE/g$. These results indicated that apple peels can be used in dietary applications with a potential to reduce oxidative stress.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.1191-1196
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• 2008

The antibacterial and antioxidant potentials of extruded ginseng extract (EGE) with 60% ethanol and methanol were investigated. The inhibitory activity of the EGE in Gram-positive bacteria was significantly higher than in Gram-negative bacteria. Higher antibacterial activity was observed with methanol ginseng extract when moisture content and barrel temperature were 20% and $115^{\circ}C$, respectively, that diameter of inhibition zone at 1,500 mg/mL was $15.40{\pm}0.13\;mm$ for Bacillus subtilis and $9.31{\pm}0.05\;mm$ for Salmonella typhimurium. The amount of total phenolics was highest in extruded ginseng at 20% moisture content and $115^{\circ}C$ barrel temperature. Especially, a positive correlation was observed between the total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of the extracts. In the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryhydrazyl radical (DPPH) system, all tested extract of extruded ginseng at 20% moisture content exhibited very strong antioxidant properties when compared to red ginseng with percent scavenging effect of 23-35% at 20mg/mL. In conclusion, it can be said that the extracts of extruded ginseng could be used as natural antimicrobial and antioxidant agents in the food preservation.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.152-155
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• 2009

old-gold-crimson ($og^c$) 과색 돌연변이는 라이코펜의 함량이 증가된 진붉은색 토마토 과실을 생산한다. 이러한 돌연변이는 토마토의 carotenoid 생합성경로에 관여하여 라이코펜을 ${\beta}$-carotene으로 전환시키는 라이코펜 ${\beta}$-cyclase (Crt-b) 유전자(B)에 point mutation을 일으켜 정상적인 효소생성을 저해한다. 높은 함량의 라이코펜을 생성시키는 토마토 품종개발은 유전자 연관 DNA 마커를 이용한 분자표지이용선발(MAS)을 통해 가속화 될 수 있다. $og^c$ 돌연변이는 라이코펜 ${\beta}$-cyclase(Crt-b) 유전자 내 poly-A 서열반복 지점에서 adenine (A) 단일 뉴클레오티드의 결손에 의한 frame-shift mutation에 의해 일어나며, 이러한 대립유전자의 운영과 검증을 위해 $og^c$ 대립유전자로부터 합성되는 PCR 산물에 Hin fI 제한효소 인식부위가 인위적으로 생성되도록 PCR 프라이머에 단일 뉴클레오티드 mismatch 부위를 만들어 dCAPS 마커를 개발하였다. 본 dCAPS 마커는 유전자 유래의 공우성 PCR 마커로서 고함량 라이코펜 토마토개발을 위한 육종 프로그램의 MAS에 효과적으로 사용될 수 있다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제39권7호
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• pp.941-946
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• 2010

땅콩나물을 기능성식품 소재로 활용하기 위하여 충북, 경북, 전북, 중국 및 베트남산 땅콩 및 이들을 9일 동안 발아시킨 땅콩나물 메탄올 추출물의 폴리페놀 함량과 항산화 활성을 측정하였다. 땅콩나물 추출물은 땅콩 추출물에 비하여 폴리페놀 함량이 높았으며, 특히 경북 땅콩나물 추출물에서 20.4 mg/g으로 가장 높게 나타났다. 9일간 발아시킨 땅콩나물 추출물은 모두 땅콩 추출물에 비하여 그 활성이 높게 나타났으며, 특히 경북 땅콩나물 추출물의 활성이 $200\;{\mu}L/mL$ 농도에서 37.68%로 가장 높게 나타났다. 또한 환원력의 경우도 이와 유사한 경향이었다. 경북 땅콩나물에서 잎, 줄기 및 뿌리의 부위별 추출물에 대한 수소공여능을 측정한 결과 잎 추출물의 활성이 가장 높았으며, 그 활성은 $200\;{\mu}L/mL$ 농도에서 90%로 높게 나타났다. 또한 ABTS radical 및 $\beta$-carotene bleaching 활성 모두 줄기나 뿌리 추출물에서의 활성보다 잎 추출물에서 우수하였다. 경북 땅콩 및 땅콩나물의 resveratrol 함량의 분석한 결과 땅콩나물에서의 그 함량이 $15.05\;{\mu}g/g$로서 땅콩에서의 $1.42\;{\mu}g/g$에 비하여 그 함량이 높게 나타났다. 따라서 본 연구결과를 고려해볼 때 땅콩나물을 항산화 기능을 함유한 기능성식품 소재로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.403-409
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• 2013

신율미, 연황미 및 연미를 사용하여 원적외선 오븐으로 제조한 냉동 군고구마의 품질 특성을 연구하였다. 군고구마의 제조는 원적외선 오븐을 사용하여 $250^{\circ}C$에서 40분 동안 굽기를 실시하였으며, 냉동 군고구마는 군고구마를 $-18^{\circ}C$에서 30일간 냉동 후 microwave oven을 사용하여 3분간 해동하였다. 원료고구마의 일반성분은 수분 함량을 제외한 조지방 및 조단백질 함량이 신율미 및 연미보다 연황미에서 높았다. 세 품종 모두 굽기에 따라 총당, 환원당, sucrose 및 maltose 함량이 증가하였다. 명도 및 적색도, 황색도는 굽기 및 냉해동에 따라 감소하였으며, ${\beta}$-carotene 함량 또한 굽기 및 냉해동에 의해 감소하였다. 군고구마의 냉해동에 따른 조직감은 신율미와 연황미에서 견고성, 검성 및 응집성이 감소하였다. 관능검사 결과 신율미가 외관, 풍미, 감미 및 전반적 기호도에서 가장 높은 선호도를 보여 냉동 군고구마의 제조에 가장 적합한 품종은 신율미로 판단되었다.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.117-121
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• 2010

단감 '부유'를 대상으로 과실 비대 및 착색 증진에 위한 결박 처리 시 가지 종류에 따른 효과를 비교하고자 결과모지, 부주지 및 주지에 철사를 이용하여 결박 처리하였다. 철사 제거 직후 6주 동안 과실 직경과 과피색 a값은 무처리에 비해 결과모지 및 주지 결박처리에서 더 많이 증가하였지만 부주지 결박처리에서는 효과를 나타내지 않았다. 결박 처리 8주 후 수확된 과실을 처리하지 않은 과실과 비교하면, 과중은 모든 결박처리에서 더 무거웠는데 특히, 주지 결박처리에서는 월등히 무거웠다. 과고는 주지 결박처리에서만 더 높았고, 과경은 결과모지 및 주지 결박처리에서 더 길었다. 과실 당도는 결과모지 및 부주지 결박처리에서 다소 높거나 비슷하였으나, 주지 결박처리에서는 낮게 나타났다. 과피색 a값은 결과모지 및 주지 결박처리에서 유의하게 높았지만, 이와 반대로 과피색 b값은 낮게 나타남으로써 Chroma값은 결과모지 및 부주지 결박처리에서 높게 나타났다. 과피 내 라이코펜 및 베타카로틴 함량은 부주지 및 주지 결박처리에서 유의하게 높게 나타났지만, 결과모지 결박처리에서는 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 총 엽록소 함량은 모든 결박 처리에서 낮게 나타났다.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.199-206
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• 2007

Antioxidant activity of 70% aqueous ethanolic extract of leaves of Justicia gendarussa (EJ) was evaluated. EJ was prepared by cold maceration method. The antioxidant potency of EJ was investigated employing various established in vitro systems, such as DPPH radical scavenging, nitric oxide (NO) scavenging, ${\beta}-carotene$ linoleic acid module system (${\beta}$ CLAMS), hydroxyl (OH) radical scavenging, anti lipid peroxidation. $IC_{50}$ values were determined in each experiment. Also, ferric ion reduction capacity of extracts in presence and absence of chelating agent (EDTA) and total antioxidant capacity were determined. Preliminary phytochemical investigation was carried out to know the nature of constituents present in the leaves and correlate it with antioxidant activity. Further total phenolic content was determined in EJ. $IC_{50}$ values of EJ were 123.09 ${\pm}$ 3.01, 643.0 ${\pm}$ 61.10, 132.3 ${\pm}$ 6.03, 68.5 ${\pm}$ 11.5 and 68.13 ${\pm}$ 1.38 ${\mu}g/mL$ in DPPH radical scavenging, NO scavenging, ${\beta}$ CLAMS, OH radical scavenging and anti lipid peroxidation activity respectively. In total antioxidant capacity assay, ascorbic acid equivalent value was found to be 205.56 ${\pm}$ 4.69 ${\mu}g/mg$ of extract. Total phenolic content was found to be 43.76 ${\pm}$ 4.27 ${\mu}g$ equivalent of gallic acid per mg of extract. Phytochemical investigation reveals the presence of flavonoids. The results indicate that EJ possess antioxidant activity and flavonoids are responsible for this activity.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.79-86
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• 2018

BACKGROUND: Chinese cabbage biosynthesizes various phytochemicals including carotenoids and glucosinolates. Environmental stress has a major effect on the growth and yields of vegetables, and can significantly affect nutritionally important phytochemicals. Phytochemicals of plants are influenced by light, temperature, carbon dioxide, and growing conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of various light sources on carotenoid and glucosinolate contents in Chinese cabbage. METHODS AND RESULTS: [Experiment I] Set the control (field control, FC) on the ground. Using acrylic sunlight, experiments were set up transparency box (field transparency, FT), red box (field red, FR) and blue box (field blue, FB). [Experiment II] Set the control (chamber control, CC) in the greenhouse. Using plant growth chamber with artificial light, experiments were set up LED red (chamber red, CR), LED blue (chamber blue, CB), LED mixed red+blue (chamber red+blue, CRB) and fluorescent (chamber fluorescent, CF). After plant growth, Chinese cabbage was harvested at 110 days after sowing (DAS). The status of plants growth (leaf length, width, fresh weight etc.) was immediately investigated. Carotenoid and GSL contents were analyzed by HPLC. [Experiment I] Results documented that the ranges of total carotenoid contents were 25.39 ~ 58.80 mg/kg dry wt for lutein, 0.84~ 4.22 mg/kg dry wt for zeaxanthin, and 3.85~18.71 mg/kg dry wt for ${\beta}$-carotene. Lutein was the highest for the content and the largest for the variation as well. [Experiment II] Results documented that the ranges of total carotenoid contents were 24.66~137.96 for lutein, 2.51~20.65 for zeaxanthin, and 8.40~49.80 mg/kg dry wt for ${\beta}$-carotene. The total carotenoid contents of CR (156.62) and CB (115.90) were 1.6~2.3 times larger than the other treatments, and ${\beta}$-carotene content was about twice as high as that of the other treatments on the CR (38.74 mg/kg dry wt.). [Experiment I] Total GSL content was the highest in FT (19.76) that was higher 1.7 times than the lowest treatment ($11.39{\mu}mol/g\;dry\;wt$.). [Experiment II] The total content of GSL was highest in CRB (4.19) and lowest in CF ($2.88{\mu}mol/g\;dry\;wt$.). In the CRB, total GSL contents ($4.19{\mu}mol/g\;dry\;wt$.) was the highest. CONCLUSION: Total and individual carotenoid and GSL contents in Chinese cabbage show significant differences under different light sources. Red and blue lights contribute to significant carotenoids expression and antioxidant activity for nutrition and health benefits. These results concluded that the introduction of varying lights affected the synthesis of important nutrient compounds in Chinese cabbage. It is predicted that the application of good light source enhances the accumulation of functional compounds.

• 한국생물환경조절학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물환경조절학회 2007년도 춘계 학술대회 및 정기총회
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• pp.185-189
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• 2007

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.193-203
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• 2004

This study examined the changes in the chemical components and antioxidant activity of Ecklonia cava according to the drying methods. As chemical components, the concentrations of minerals(K, Ca, Na, Mg, Fe, Cu, Mn and Zn), vitamins(vitamin C, ${\beta}$-carotene and ${\alpha}$-tocopherol) and the total polyphenols were analyzed. In additions, the antioxidant activity was determined by measuring the free radical(DPPH radical, superoxide anion radical, hydroxyl radical and hydrogen peroxide) scavenging activity and the linoleic acid peroxidation inhibitory activity. The mineral content was not affected by the drying methods. However, more vitamins were lost and the total polyphenol concentration was reduced as a result of sun-drying than by the other drying methods used. More of the total polyphenol was preserved by freezing-drying than by any of the other drying methods, which meant that there was a higher antioxidant activity after freeze drying.