• 한국작물학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.204-208
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• 1991

Linacre(1968), Herljand(1956), 중산 등(1983), Chang(1970), Doorenbos et at.(1977)등이 보고한 5개의 순폭사량추정 모델로 추정한 순폭사량과 실측한 순폭사량을 비교하여 이들 모델에 대한 우리나라에서의 적용성을 검토하였으며, 또한 일사량, 기온, 증기압을 매개변수로하는 순폭사량 추정모델을 작성하여 추정정도를 검증하였다. 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 상기의 5개 모델의 parameter값을 그대로 이용하여 추정한 순폭사량은 평균편차로 0.86～1.64MJ/$m^2$/day, 상대평균편차로 8.75～16.64%의 큰 추정오차를 나타내었다 2. 실측 순폭사량과 기상요소들을 이용하여 이들 모델의 계수를 재추정하여, 계수추정에 이용하지 않은 독립자료를 이용하여 검증한 결과 평균편차로 0.74～0.88MJ/$m^2$/day, 상대평균편차로 7.99～9.52%의 오차를 나타내었다. 3, 일사량(Rs), 알베도($\alpha$), 기온( $T_{k}$), 증기압( $e_{a}$ )를 매개변수로 하는 다음과 같은 순폭사량 추정모델을 작성하였다. Rn=(1- $\alpha$) Rs- $\sigma$ $T_{k}$$^{4}$ (0.0103 Exp (0 .0731 Rs) -0.0475 (equation omitted) +0 .2478) ($R^2$=0.997, n=63) 4. 이 모델을 독립자료를 이용하여 검증한 결과 이 모델은 평균편차로 0.4988MJ/$m^2$/day, 상대평균편차로 5.38%의 오차를 나타내어, 상기의 기존모델중 가장 추정정도가 높았던 중산 등(1983)의 평균편차 0.7425 MJ/$m^2$/day, 상대평균편차 8.01%보다 추정오차가 적었다.적었다.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.196-199
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• 1996

Gauss 동함수 변조가 이루어진 윤대구경에서 얻어지는 LSF가 전 구경으로 구해지는 LSF( $C_{o}$ $e^{-{\sigma}}$$^{2}$$x^{2}$/)와 같다는 사실을 증명하였다. $C_{o}$ , $C_{1}$은 윤대의 기하학적 구조에 따라서 정해지는 정수이고 진폭 감소율을 .alpha.로 잡을 때 .omega./.root.2<.sigma..leq.(1-.alpha./2.alpha.)$^{1}$2/ .omega.$_{o}$ 의 조건을 얻었다. .alpha.= $e^{-1}$, .lambda.=0.013.mu.m (연 X-선)일 때, .alpha.$_{o}$ '.leq.0.34.alpha.$_{o}$ =1.7cm의 조건을 만족하는 초분해능 윤대구경계로서, l=20cm, .alpha.$_{o}$ =5cm(NA=0.25)일 때, 내경의 최대치 1.7cm보다 약간 작은 .alpha.$_{o}$ '=1.5cm의 반사경계를 제안하였다.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.303-310
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• 2014

n개의 무선 노드가 랜덤하게 위치한 초 광 대역 애드 혹 네트워크에서의 개선된 용량 스케일링 법칙을 보인다. 먼저, 수정된 계층적 협력 기술이 사용되는 경우를 고려한다. 단위 면적의 밀집 네트워크에서, 유도한 용량 스케일링은 전력 제한된 성격 때문에 특정 동작 영역에서 경로손실 지수 ${\alpha}$에 의존함을 보인다. 또한, 계층적 협력 기술은 2 < ${\alpha}$ < 3에서 우월하지만 ${\alpha}{\geq}3$에 대해서는 다중 홉 라우팅을 사용하는 것이 더 높은 용량을 취득함이 밝혀진다. 둘째로, m개의 기지국이 초 광 대역 네트워크에 균일하게 분포한 경우, 인프라 구조의 영향 및 이득을 분석한다. 이때, 모든 동작 영역에 대해 전력 제한된 성격 때문에, 유도한 용량 스케일링은 ${\alpha}$에 의존한다. 게다가, 변수 m이 특정 레벨 이상일 때 전체 용량이 m과 함께 선형적으로 스케일함을 보인다. 그러므로 계층적 협력 또는 인프라 구조의 사용은 특정 조건에서 초 광 대역 네트워크의 용량을 개선하는데 도움이 된다.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.54-59
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• 2003

The characteristics of the parameters for the probability distribution of fatigue crack growth life, using the non-Gaussian random process simulation method is investigated. In this paper, the material resistance to fatigue crack growth is treated as a spatial random process, which varies randomly on the crack surface. Using the previous experimental data, the crack length equals the number of cycle curves that are simulated. The results are obtained for constant stress intensity factor range conditions with stress ratios of R=0.2, three specimen thickness of 6, 12 and 18mm, and the four stress intensity level. The probability distribution function of fatigue crack growth life seems to follow the 3-parameter Wiubull,, showing a slight dependence on specimen thickness and stress intensity level. The shape parameter, $\alpha$, does not show the dependency of thickness and stress intensity level, but the scale parameter, $\beta$, and location parameter, ${\gamma}$, are decreased by increasing the specimen thickness and stress intensity level. The slope for the stress intensity level is larger than the specimen thickness.

• 한국해양공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양공학회 2002년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.301-306
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• 2002

The characteristics of parameters for the probability distribution of fatigue crack growth lives by the non-Gaussian random process simulation method is investigated. In this paper, the material resistance to fatigue crack growth is treated as a spatial random process, which varies randomly on the crack surface. Using the previous experimental data, the crack length - the number of cycles curves are simulated. The results are obtained for constant stress intensity factor range conditions with stress ratio of R=0.2, three specimen thickness of 6, 12 and 18mm, and the four stress intensity level. The probability distribution function of fatigue crack growth lives seems to follow the 3-parameter Wiubull and shows a slight dependence on specimen thickness and stress intensity level. The shape parameter, ${\alpha}$, does not show the dependency of thickness and stress intensity level, but the scale parameter, ${\beta}$, and location parameter, ${\upsilon}$, are decreased by increasing the specimen thickness and stress intensity level. The slope for the stress intensity level is larger than the specimen thickness.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.116-122
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• 2016

Recently, the production cycle in manufacturing process has been getting shorter and different types of product have been produced in the same process line. In this case, the control chart using coefficient of variation would be applicable to the process. The theory that random variables are located in the three times distance of the deviation from mean value is applicable to the control chart that monitor the process in the manufacturing line, when the data of process are changed by the type of normal distribution. It is possible to apply to the control chart of coefficient of variation too. ${\bar{x}}$, s estimates that taken in the coefficient of variation have just used all of the data, but the upper control limit, center line and lower control limit have been settled by the effect of abnormal values, so this control chart could be in trouble of detection ability of the assignable value. The purpose of this study was to present the robust control chart than coefficient of variation control chart in the normal process. To perform this research, the location parameter, ${\bar{x_{\alpha}}}$, $s_{\alpha}$ were used. The robust control chart was named Tim-CV control chart. The result of simulation were summarized as follows; First, P values, the probability to get away from control limit, in Trim-CV control chart were larger than CV control chart in the normal process. Second, ARL values, average run length, in Trim-CV control chart were smaller than CV control chart in the normal process. Particularly, the difference of performance of two control charts was so sure when the change of the process was getting to bigger. Therefore, the Trim-CV control chart proposed in this paper would be more efficient tool than CV control chart in small quantity batch production.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.98-104
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• 2007

Chlorophyll ${\alpha}$ concentration and cyanobacterial cell density are regularly employed as dual criteria for determinations of the alert level for cyanobacterial bloom. However, chlorophyll ${\alpha}$ is not confined only to the cyanobacteria, but is found universally in eukaryotic algae. Furthermore, the determination of cyanobacterial cell counts is notoriously difficult, and is unduly dependent on individual variation and trained skill. A cyanobacteria-specific parameter other than the cell count or chlorophyll ${\alpha}$ concentration is, accordingly, required in order to improve the present cyanobacterial bloom alert system. Phycocyanin has been shown to exhibit a strong correlation with a variety of bloom-related factors. This may allow for the current alert system criteria to be replaced by a three-stage alert system based on phycocyanin concentrations of 0.1, 30, and $700\;{\mu}g/L$. This would also be advantageous in that it would become far more simple to conduct measurements without the need for expensive equipment, thereby enabling the monitoring of entire lakes more precisely and frequently. Thus, an alert system with superior predictive ability based on highthroughput phycocyanin measurements appears feasible.

• 천문학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.97-107
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• 1995

The stability of the geometrically thin, two-temperature hot accretion disk is studied. The general criterion for thermal instability is derived from the linear local analyses, allowing for advective cooling and dynamics in the vertical direction. Specifically, classic unsaturated Comptonization disk is analysed in detail. We find five eigen-modes: (1) Heating mode grows in thermal time scale, $(5/3)({\alpha}{\omega})^{-1}$, where alpha is the viscosity parameter and w the Keplerian frequency. (2) Cooling mode decays in time scale, $(2/5)(T_e/T_i)({\alpha}{\omega})^{-1}$, where $T_e\;and\;T_i$ are the electron and ion temperatures, respectively. (3) Lightman-Eardley viscous mode decays in time scale, $(4/3)(\Lambda/H)^2({\alpha}{\omega})^{-1}$, where $\Lambda$ is the wavelength of the perturbation and H the unperturbed disk height. (4) Two vertically oscillating modes oscillate in Keplerian time scale, $(3/8)^{1/2}\omega^{-1}$ with growth rate $\propto\;(H/\Lambda)^2$. The inclusion of dynamics in the vertical direction does not affect the thermal instability, adding only the oscillatory modes which gradually grow for short wavelength modes. Also, the advective cooling is not strong enough to suppress the growth of heating modes, at least for geometrically thin disk. Non-linear development of the perturbation is followed for simple unsaturated Compton disk: depending on the initial proton temperature perturbation, the disk can evolve to decoupled state with hot protons and cool electrons, or to one-temperature state with very cool protons and electrons.

• 천문학회보
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.33.2-33.2
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• 2017

Symbiotic stars and quasars show strong far UV resonance doublets including O VI 1032 and 1038, which are known to be major coolants of astrophysical plasma with high temperature T > $10^5K$. We investigate the transfer of $H{\alpha}$ and $Ly{\beta}$ in an emission nebula of temperature T ~ $10^5$, where n=2 population is significant. Line photons of $H{\alpha}$ and $Ly{\beta}$ are transferred in the medium through spatial and frequency diffusion altering their identity according to the branching ratios. We adopt a Monte Carlo technique to describe the transfer of $H{\alpha}$ and $Ly{\beta}$ in an emission nebula with a uniform density and a simple geometrical figure. We find that the temperature of the emission nebula is the major controlling parameter to produce a nonnegligible flux of $Ly{\beta}$. In particular, when T exceeds $10^5K$ the number flux ratio may reach ~ 25% with line center optical depth of a few. We discuss the formation of broad $H{\alpha}$ wings from Raman scattering of $Ly{\beta}$ emergent from a hot emission nebula.

• 천문학회보
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.71.1-71.1
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• 2012

We have identified local analogs of strong $H{\alpha}$ Emitters (HAEs) that dominate the z~4 Lyman-break galaxy population using the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). At z<0.4, only 0.04% of galaxies are classified as HAEs with $H{\alpha}$ equivalent width larger than $500{\AA}$, comparable to that of z~4 HAEs. The $H{\alpha}$-to-UV luminosity ratio of local HAEs is consistent with that of z~4 HAEs, indicating relatively large specific star formation rate in these galaxies compared to traditionally studied UV-selected Lyman break analogs. Local HAEs are young, less evolved galaxies with low metallicity. It is still difficult to constrain whether the star formation in local HAEs is powered by minor mergers or by cosmological cold gas accretion. However, the stacked optical spectrum of local HAEs shows several strong ionization lines, for example HeII 4686 emission line, which are shown in Wolf-Rayet galaxies. Thus it is highly likely that local HAEs are galaxies with an elevated ionization parameter, either due to a high electron density or large escape fraction of hydrogen ionizing photons.